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it is traditional to do something

Толкование Перевод

1 traditional

adjective

traditionell; mündlich überliefert [Geschichte]; herkömmlich [Erziehung, Einrichtung, Methode]; überkommen [Brauch, Sitte, Werte, Moral]

it is traditional to do something — es ist Tradition, etwas zu tun

* * *

adjective traditionell

* * *

tra·di·tion·al

[trəˈdɪʃ^ən^əl]

adj belief, costume, food traditionell; person konservativ; story alt

\traditional jazz Dixieland[jazz] m

* * *
[trə'dISənl]
adj

1) traditionell; story, custom also alt; virtues also überkommen

it's traditional for us to spend New Year's Day at my mother's — es ist bei uns so üblich or Brauch, dass wir den Neujahrstag bei meiner Mutter verbringen

in the traditional way — auf traditionelle Weise

the traditional way of doing sth — die traditionelle Weise, etw zu tun

this custom is traditional to Somerset — dieser Brauch hat in Somerset Tradition

2)

(= conventional) to be traditional in one's outlook — eine konservative Auffassung haben

* * *

traditional [-ʃənl] adj (adv → academic.ru/76026/traditionally">traditionally) traditionell, Traditions…:

a) (mündlich) überliefert

b) herkömmlich, (alt)hergebracht, üblich:

traditional jazz MUS Traditional Jazz m, traditioneller Jazz;

it is traditional for them to do sth es ist bei ihnen Brauch oder so üblich, dass sie etwas tun

trad. abk

1. tradition Trad.

2. traditional trad.

* * *

adjective

traditionell; mündlich überliefert [Geschichte]; herkömmlich [Erziehung, Einrichtung, Methode]; überkommen [Brauch, Sitte, Werte, Moral]

it is traditional to do something — es ist Tradition, etwas zu tun

* * *

adj.

althergebracht adj.

altherkömmlich adj.

herkömmlich adj.

traditionell adj.

üblich adj.

English-german dictionary > traditional
2 hard on something

adj infml

Boys are very hard on their shoes — У пацанов обувь буквально горит

The washing machine is a great time saver but my one anyway is hard on clothes — Стиральная машина, может, и экономит время, но моя, по крайней мере, только рвет белье

The traditional British breakfast is hard both on wives and on the digestion — Традиционный английский завтрак не только трудно готовить женам, но его также трудно переваривать

The new dictionary of modern spoken language > hard on something
3 aire

m.

1 air (fluido).

al aire libre in the open air

con el pecho al aire bare-chested

cambiar de aires to have a change of scene

dejar algo en el aire to leave something up in the air

estar en el aire to be in the air

saltar o volar por los aires to be blown sky high

tomar el aire to go for a breath of fresh air

a mi aire in my own way

aire acondicionado air-conditioning

aire comprimido compressed air

aire puro fresh air

aire viciado foul air

2 wind (viento).

hoy hace mucho aire it's very windy today

3 air, appearance (aspecto).

tiene un aire a su madre she has something of her mother

aires airs (and graces) (vanidad)

darse aires (de algo) to put on airs (about something)

4 resemblance, likeness, air, look.

* * *

aire

► nombre masculino

1 air

2 (viento) wind; (corriente) draught

■ hace aire it's windy

3 figurado (aspecto) air, appearance

■ tiene un aire cansado she looks tired

4 figurado (parecido) resemblance, likeness

■ este niño tiene un aire a su abuelo this boy takes after his grandfather

■ tienen un aire de familia there's a family likeness to them

5 figurado (estilo) style, manner, way

■ lo hizo a su aire he did it his way

6 figurado (gracia) gracefulness, elegance

■ Luisa camina con mucho aire Luisa walks very gracefully

7 figurado (ambiente) atmosphere

■ había mucha tensión en el aire the atmosphere was very tense

8 MÚSICA air, melody

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

al aire (hacia arriba) into the air 2 (al raso) uncovered

al aire libre in the open air, outdoors

cambiar de aires to change one's surroundings, have a change of scenery

darse aires to put on airs

estar en el aire (en antena) to be on the air

hacerse/darse aire to fan oneself

saltar por los aires to blow up

tener aires to put on airs

tomar el aire to take the air, get some fresh air

vivir del aire to live on air

¡vete a tomar (el) aire! familiar get lost!

aire acondicionado air conditioning

aire puro clean air

* * *

noun m.

air

- aire acondicionado

* * *

SM

1) (=elemento) air

una bocanada de aire fresco — a breath of fresh air

parece que me falta el aire — I feel as if I can't breathe

ir a la montaña a respirar aire puro — to go to the hills where the air is pure

¡fuera de aquí, aire! — * get out of here! scram! *

• al aire, lanzar algo al aire — to throw sth into the air

la fruta se deja secar al aire — the fruit is left to dry uncovered

un vestido con la espalda al aire — a backless dress

• estar en el aire — [balón, paracaidista] to be in the air; (Radio) to be on (the) air

todo está en el aire hasta que se conozcan los resultados — it's all up in the air until the results are known

la polémica estaba en el aire — controversy hung in the air

dejar una pregunta/problema en el aire — to leave a question/an issue up in the air

• al aire libre — [con verbo] outdoors, in the open air; [con sustantivo] outdoor antes de s, open-air antes de s

el concierto se celebró al aire libre — the concert was held outdoors o in the open air

una piscina al aire libre — an outdoor o open-air pool

le gusta la vida al aire libre — she loves the outdoor life

actividades al aire libre — outdoor activities

• salir al aire — (Radio) to go on (the) air

• saltar por los aires — to blow up, explode

• tomar el aire — to get some fresh air

salió a tomar un poco el aire — he went out to get o for some fresh air

¡vete a tomar el aire! — * scram! *, clear off! *

• aire viciado — [en habitación cerrada] stale air; [en fábrica, ciudad contaminada] foul air

• volar por los aires — to blow up, explode

todas las esperanzas de paz han volado por los aires — all hopes of peace have been dashed

a mi/tu/su aire —

aprendieron a su aire — they learned in their own way

le gusta hacer las cosas a su aire — he likes to do things his own way

eso le permitió trabajar a su aire — that enabled her to work the way she wanted

ir a su aire — to go one's own way, do one's own thing *

- beber los aires por algn

darle un aire a algn —

le dio un aire y perdió el habla — he had a stroke and lost the power of speech

- estar de buen/mal aire

- mantenerse del aire

- mudarse a cualquier aire

- ofenderse del aire

- seguir el aire a algn

- vivir del aire

aire acondicionado — air conditioning

un vehículo con aire acondicionado — an air-conditioned vehicle

aire colado — cold draught, cold draft (EEUU)

aire comprimido — compressed air

una escopeta de aire comprimido — an air rifle

aire detonante — firedamp

aire líquido — liquid air

2) (Meteo) (=viento) wind; (=corriente) draught, draft (EEUU)

no corre nada de aire — there isn't a breath of wind

entra mucho aire por la puerta — there's a strong draught coming in through the door

hoy hace mucho aire — it's very windy today

entraba un aire muy agradable de la calle — there was a lovely breeze coming in from the street

• dar aire a algn — to fan sb

la prensa no da aire al éxito del gobierno — the press is giving no coverage to the government's success

darse aire — to fan o.s.

- ¿qué aires te traen por aquí?

- cambiar o mudar de aires

aires de cambio — (Pol) winds of change

3) (=aspecto) air

los techos altos le daban un aire señorial a la casa — high ceilings gave a stately air to the house

le respondió con aire cansado — he replied wearily

su cara tiene un aire familiar — there's something familiar about his face

tienen aire de no haber roto un plato en su vida — they look as if butter wouldn't melt in their mouths

- darse aires

eso te pasa por darte aires de superioridad — that's what happens when you think you're better than everyone else o when you put on airs

no te des esos aires de suficiencia conmigo — don't get on your high horse with me

4) (=parecido)

¿no le notas un aire con Carlos? — don't you think he looks a bit like Carlos?

• darse un aire a algn — to look a bit like sb

aire de familia — family resemblance, family likeness

5) (=aerofagia) wind

las lentejas me provocan mucho aire — lentils give me a lot of wind

6) (=garbo) style, panache

lleva la ropa con mucho aire — she wears her clothes with great style o panache

dio unos pases de muleta con buen aire — he did a few stylish passes with the cape

7) (Mús) air

música con aires populares — music with popular airs

* * *

masculino

1) air

sintió que le faltaba el aire — she felt as if she was going to suffocate

para que entre un poco de aire — to let some (fresh) air in

salir a tomar el aire — to go outside for a breath of fresh air

ponerles aire a las ruedas — to put some air in the tires

se elevó por los aires — it rose up into the air

al aire libre — outdoors, in the open air

un vestido con la espalda al aire — a backless dress

deja la herida al aire — leave the wound uncovered

disparar un tiro al aire — to fire a shot into the air

a mi/tu/su aire: ellos salen en grupo, yo prefiero ir a mi aire they go out in a group, I prefer doing my own thing (colloq); cambiar or mudar de aire(s): necesito cambiar de aires I need a change of scene o air; dejar a alguien en el aire to leave somebody in suspense; quedar en el aire: todo quedó en el aire everything was left up in the air; su futuro quedó en el aire his future hung in the balance; saltar or volar por los aires to explode, blow up; vivir del aire — to live on air

- aire acondicionado

- aire comprimido

2) ( viento) wind; ( corriente) draft (AmE), draught (BrE)

no corre nada de aire — there's not a breath of wind

3) (Rad, TV)

estar en el aire — to be on the air

en el aire — on air

salir al aire — to go out

4)

a) ( aspecto) air

tiene un aire aristocrático — she has an aristocratic air

un rostro con un aire infantil — a face with a childish look to it

sus composiciones tienen un aire melancólico — her compositions have a melancholy feel to them

esto tiene todo el aire de tratarse de una broma — this looks for all the world like a joke

la protesta tomó aires de revuelta — the protest began to look like a revolt

darse aires (de grandeza) — to put on o give oneself airs

b) ( parecido) resemblance

le encuentro un aire a Alberto — I think he looks (a little) like Alberto

tienen un aire — they look a bit alike

- aire de familia

5) (Mús) tune

aires populares — traditional tunes o airs

* * *

= air.

Ex. This article diagnoses the information needs of those who work in the area of pollution of air, soil and earth.

----

* actividad al aire libre = outdoor activity.

* aire acondicionado = air-conditioning.

* aire a presión = air pressure.

* aire caliente = hot air.

* aire cargado = fug.

* aire comprimido = compressed air.

* aire de optimismo = air of optimism.

* aire de superioridad = condescension, condescension, attitude of superiority.

* aire fresco = fresh air.

* aire puro = fresh air.

* aires de cambio = wind(s) of change, the, seas of change, the.

* aire viciado = fug.

* al aire libre = open-air, outdoors, in the open, out of doors.

* amante de la vida al aire libre = outdoor enthusiast.

* aparato de aire acondicionado = air conditioner.

* a + Posesivo + aire = to + Posesivo + heart's content.

* bocanada de aire = gust of wind, blast.

* bocanada de aire caliente = gust of warm air, gust of hot air, gust of heat.

* bocanada de aire fresco = breath of fresh air.

* bolsa de aire = air bag [airbag].

* bolsa de aire caliente = pocket of warm air.

* calentador de aire = air heater.

* calidad del aire = air quality.

* cambiar de aire = move on to + pastures new.

* cambiar de aires = change + scenery.

* cambio de aires = change of air and scene, change of scenery, change of air, change of scene, greener pastures, pastures new.

* castillo en el aire = castle in the air.

* circulación del aire = air flow, airflow.

* comida al aire libre = cookout.

* compresor de aire = air compressor.

* con aire acondicionado = air conditioned.

* conducto de aire = air duct.

* conducto de aire caliente = hot air duct.

* con el culo al aire = out in the cold.

* contaminación del aire = air pollution.

* contaminante del aire = air pollutant.

* con un aire de = with an air of.

* corriente de aire = air current, draught [draft, -USA].

* dar la vuelta en el aire = give + a toss.

* darse aires = strut.

* darse aires de grandeza = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* darse (muchos) aires = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* dejar a su aire = leave to + Reflexivo, leave + unchecked.

* dejar con el culo al aire = leave + Nombre + out in the cold.

* dispersado por el aire = wind-blown, wind-borne.

* echarse una cana al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una canita al aire = have + a fling.

* echar una cana al aire = one-night stand, kick up + Posesivo + heels.

* echar una cana al aire antes de sentar la cabeza = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una cana al aire cuando joven = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una canica al aire = disport + Reflexivo.

* ejército del aire = Army Air Force, Air Force.

* en el aire = in mid-air, airborne.

* entrada de aire = air intake.

* espacio al aire libre = outdoor space.

* espray de aire comprimido = compressed air can.

* filtro del aire = air cleaner.

* flujo del aire = airflow.

* globo de aire caliente = hot-air balloon.

* haber un aire de emoción = there + be + an air of excitement.

* haber un aire de expectación = there + be + an air of expectation.

* hacer el aire irrespirable = choke + the air.

* hacer saltar por los aires = blow + sky high.

* índice de calidad del aire = air quality index.

* industria de actividades al aire libre, la = outdoor industry, the.

* juego de exterior, juego al aire libre = outdoor game.

* lata de aire comprimido = compressed air can.

* llevado por el aire = wind-borne.

* llevar por el aire = waft.

* mantener suspenso en el aire = suspend.

* masa de aire = air mass.

* mercadillo al aire libre = street market, open-air market.

* mercado al aire libre = street market, open-air market.

* palos al aire = a stab in the dark, a shot in the dark.

* pared con cámara de aire = cavity wall.

* piscina al aire libre = outdoor pool, open-air swimming pool, open-air pool.

* piscina climatizada al aire libre = outdoor heated pool.

* presión del aire = air pressure.

* purificación del aire = air purification.

* quedarse con el culo al aire = come + unstuck.

* racha de aire = blast.

* ráfaga de aire = blast.

* rejilla para el aire = air vent.

* respirarse emoción en el aire = there + be + an air of excitement.

* respirarse un aire de expectación = there + be + an air of expectation.

* salida de aire = venting.

* sistema de aire acondicionado = air conditioning system, air cooling system.

* soplado por el aire = wind-blown.

* suspender en el aire = hover.

* teatro al aire libre = outdoor theatre.

* tener aire acondiconado = be air-conditioned.

* toma de aire = air intake.

* transmitido por el aire = airborne [air-borne].

* transportado por el aire = wind-borne, wind-blown.

* transportar por aire = airlift.

* tubo de aire caliente = hot air duct.

* un aire de = an air of, a whiff of.

* ventilador del aire = heater blower.

* volar en el aire = fly in + the air.

* * *

masculino

1) air

sintió que le faltaba el aire — she felt as if she was going to suffocate

para que entre un poco de aire — to let some (fresh) air in

salir a tomar el aire — to go outside for a breath of fresh air

ponerles aire a las ruedas — to put some air in the tires

se elevó por los aires — it rose up into the air

al aire libre — outdoors, in the open air

un vestido con la espalda al aire — a backless dress

deja la herida al aire — leave the wound uncovered

disparar un tiro al aire — to fire a shot into the air

a mi/tu/su aire: ellos salen en grupo, yo prefiero ir a mi aire they go out in a group, I prefer doing my own thing (colloq); cambiar or mudar de aire(s): necesito cambiar de aires I need a change of scene o air; dejar a alguien en el aire to leave somebody in suspense; quedar en el aire: todo quedó en el aire everything was left up in the air; su futuro quedó en el aire his future hung in the balance; saltar or volar por los aires to explode, blow up; vivir del aire — to live on air

- aire acondicionado

- aire comprimido

2) ( viento) wind; ( corriente) draft (AmE), draught (BrE)

no corre nada de aire — there's not a breath of wind

3) (Rad, TV)

estar en el aire — to be on the air

en el aire — on air

salir al aire — to go out

4)

a) ( aspecto) air

tiene un aire aristocrático — she has an aristocratic air

un rostro con un aire infantil — a face with a childish look to it

sus composiciones tienen un aire melancólico — her compositions have a melancholy feel to them

esto tiene todo el aire de tratarse de una broma — this looks for all the world like a joke

la protesta tomó aires de revuelta — the protest began to look like a revolt

darse aires (de grandeza) — to put on o give oneself airs

b) ( parecido) resemblance

le encuentro un aire a Alberto — I think he looks (a little) like Alberto

tienen un aire — they look a bit alike

- aire de familia

5) (Mús) tune

aires populares — traditional tunes o airs

* * *

= air.

Ex: This article diagnoses the information needs of those who work in the area of pollution of air, soil and earth.

* actividad al aire libre = outdoor activity.

* aire acondicionado = air-conditioning.

* aire a presión = air pressure.

* aire caliente = hot air.

* aire cargado = fug.

* aire comprimido = compressed air.

* aire de optimismo = air of optimism.

* aire de superioridad = condescension, condescension, attitude of superiority.

* aire fresco = fresh air.

* aire puro = fresh air.

* aires de cambio = wind(s) of change, the, seas of change, the.

* aire viciado = fug.

* al aire libre = open-air, outdoors, in the open, out of doors.

* amante de la vida al aire libre = outdoor enthusiast.

* aparato de aire acondicionado = air conditioner.

* a + Posesivo + aire = to + Posesivo + heart's content.

* bocanada de aire = gust of wind, blast.

* bocanada de aire caliente = gust of warm air, gust of hot air, gust of heat.

* bocanada de aire fresco = breath of fresh air.

* bolsa de aire = air bag [airbag].

* bolsa de aire caliente = pocket of warm air.

* calentador de aire = air heater.

* calidad del aire = air quality.

* cambiar de aire = move on to + pastures new.

* cambiar de aires = change + scenery.

* cambio de aires = change of air and scene, change of scenery, change of air, change of scene, greener pastures, pastures new.

* castillo en el aire = castle in the air.

* circulación del aire = air flow, airflow.

* comida al aire libre = cookout.

* compresor de aire = air compressor.

* con aire acondicionado = air conditioned.

* conducto de aire = air duct.

* conducto de aire caliente = hot air duct.

* con el culo al aire = out in the cold.

* contaminación del aire = air pollution.

* contaminante del aire = air pollutant.

* con un aire de = with an air of.

* corriente de aire = air current, draught [draft, -USA].

* dar la vuelta en el aire = give + a toss.

* darse aires = strut.

* darse aires de grandeza = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* darse (muchos) aires = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.

* dejar a su aire = leave to + Reflexivo, leave + unchecked.

* dejar con el culo al aire = leave + Nombre + out in the cold.

* dispersado por el aire = wind-blown, wind-borne.

* echarse una cana al aire = have + a fling.

* echarse una canita al aire = have + a fling.

* echar una cana al aire = one-night stand, kick up + Posesivo + heels.

* echar una cana al aire antes de sentar la cabeza = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una cana al aire cuando joven = sow + Posesivo + wild oats.

* echar una canica al aire = disport + Reflexivo.

* ejército del aire = Army Air Force, Air Force.

* en el aire = in mid-air, airborne.

* entrada de aire = air intake.

* espacio al aire libre = outdoor space.

* espray de aire comprimido = compressed air can.

* filtro del aire = air cleaner.

* flujo del aire = airflow.

* globo de aire caliente = hot-air balloon.

* haber un aire de emoción = there + be + an air of excitement.

* haber un aire de expectación = there + be + an air of expectation.

* hacer el aire irrespirable = choke + the air.

* hacer saltar por los aires = blow + sky high.

* índice de calidad del aire = air quality index.

* industria de actividades al aire libre, la = outdoor industry, the.

* juego de exterior, juego al aire libre = outdoor game.

* lata de aire comprimido = compressed air can.

* llevado por el aire = wind-borne.

* llevar por el aire = waft.

* mantener suspenso en el aire = suspend.

* masa de aire = air mass.

* mercadillo al aire libre = street market, open-air market.

* mercado al aire libre = street market, open-air market.

* palos al aire = a stab in the dark, a shot in the dark.

* pared con cámara de aire = cavity wall.

* piscina al aire libre = outdoor pool, open-air swimming pool, open-air pool.

* piscina climatizada al aire libre = outdoor heated pool.

* presión del aire = air pressure.

* purificación del aire = air purification.

* quedarse con el culo al aire = come + unstuck.

* racha de aire = blast.

* ráfaga de aire = blast.

* rejilla para el aire = air vent.

* respirarse emoción en el aire = there + be + an air of excitement.

* respirarse un aire de expectación = there + be + an air of expectation.

* salida de aire = venting.

* sistema de aire acondicionado = air conditioning system, air cooling system.

* soplado por el aire = wind-blown.

* suspender en el aire = hover.

* teatro al aire libre = outdoor theatre.

* tener aire acondiconado = be air-conditioned.

* toma de aire = air intake.

* transmitido por el aire = airborne [air-borne].

* transportado por el aire = wind-borne, wind-blown.

* transportar por aire = airlift.

* tubo de aire caliente = hot air duct.

* un aire de = an air of, a whiff of.

* ventilador del aire = heater blower.

* volar en el aire = fly in + the air.

* * *

aire¹

masculine

A air

sintió que le faltaba el aire en aquel cuarto tan pequeño she felt as if she was going to suffocate in that tiny room

abre la ventana, que entre un poco de aire open the window and let some (fresh) air in

voy a salir a tomar el aire I'm going outside for a breath of fresh air

tengo que ponerles aire a las ruedas I have to put some air in the tires

el globo se elevó por los aires the balloon rose up into the air

una piscina al aire libre an outdoor pool, an open-air pool ( BrE)

debería pasar más tiempo al aire libre he ought to spend more time outdoors o out of doors o in the open air

un vestido con la espalda al aire a backless dress

deja la herida al aire leave the wound uncovered

disparar un tiro al aire to fire a shot into the air

a mi/tu/su aire: ellos salen en grupo, yo prefiero ir a mi aire they go out in a group, I prefer doing my own thing ( colloq)

cambiar or mudar de aire(s): lo que necesitas es cambiar de aires (cambio temporal) what you need is a change of scene o change of air; (cambio permanente) what you need is a change of scene

estar/dejar/quedar en el aire: todo quedó muy en el aire everything was left very much up in the air

su futuro quedó en el aire a question mark hung over his future, his future hung in the balance

no me contestó ni sí ni no, dejándome en el aire he left me in suspense, not giving me a definite yes or no

estamos todos en el aire sin saber qué hacer we're all at a loss as to what to do

saltar or volar por los aires to explode, blow up

vivir del aire (sin dinero) to live on thin air; (sin comer) to live on air

Compuestos:

● aire acondicionado

air-conditioning

local con (instalación de) aire acondicionado air-conditioned premises

● aire comprimido

compressed air

una escopeta de aire comprimido an air rifle

B (viento) wind; (corriente) draft ( AmE), draught ( BrE)

un airecillo fresco a cool breeze

¡qué calor! no corre nada de aire it's so hot! there's not a breath of wind

se daba aire con un abanico she was fanning herself

darle un aire a algn ( fam): le dio un aire y quedó con la boca torcida he had some sort of stroke which left his mouth twisted

C ( Rad, TV):

estar en el or ( Méx) al aire to be on the air

[ S ] en el aire on air

salir al aire to go out

sale al aire en dos canales it goes out o is shown on two different channels

D

1

(aspecto): ese pequeño detalle le da un aire distinguido that little touch gives him a distinguished appearance

tiene un aire extranjero she has a foreign air about her

su rostro tiene un aire infantil his face has a childish look about it

sus composiciones tienen un aire melancólico her compositions have a melancholy feel to them

esto tiene todo el aire de tratarse de una broma this looks for all the world like a joke

con ese aire de superioridad/inocencia que tiene with that air of superiority/innocence he has

la protesta tomó aires de revuelta the protest began to look like a revolt

darse aires to put on o give oneself airs

2

(parecido): ¿no le encuentras un aire con Alberto? don't you think he looks (a bit) like Alberto?

se dan or tienen un aire they look a bit alike, there is a slight likeness o resemblance between them

Compuesto:

aire de familia

family resemblance

E ( Mús) tune, air

aires populares castellanos traditional Castilian tunes o airs

aire²

interjection

( fam); scram! ( colloq)

* * *

Del verbo airar: ( conjugate airar)

airé es:

1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

aíre es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
airar
aire
aire sustantivo masculino
1 air;
◊ sintió que le faltaba el aire she felt as if she was going to suffocate;

salir a tomar el aire to go outside for a breath of fresh air;
al aire libre outdoors, in the open air;
aire acondicionado air-conditioning;
con aire acondicionado air-conditioned;
a mi/tu/su aire: ellos salen en grupo, yo prefiero ir a mi aire they go out in a group, I prefer doing my own thing (colloq);
quedar en el aire: todo quedó en el aire everything was left up in the air;
saltar or volar por los aires to explode, blow up;

2 ( viento) wind;
( corriente) draft (AmE), draught (BrE)
3 (Rad, TV):
◊ salir a aire to go on the air

4
a) ( aspecto) air;

◊ tiene un aire aristocrático she has an aristocratic air;

la protesta tomó aires de revuelta the protest began to look like a revolt;
darse aires (de grandeza) to put on o give oneself airs
b) ( parecido) resemblance;

◊ tienen un aire they look a bit alike;

◊ aire de familia family resemblance

aire sustantivo masculino
1 air
aire acondicionado, air conditioning
2 (aspecto) air, appearance
(parecido) resemblance: tiene un aire a su padre, she looks like her father
3 (viento) wind: hace aire, it's windy
4 Mús tune
5 Auto choke
6 aires (alardes, pretensiones) airs: ¡vaya unos aires de condesa que se da!, she really gives herself such airs
♦ Locuciones: al aire: (hacia arriba) tirar al aire, to throw into the air
(al descubierto) llevar los brazos al aire, to have one's arms uncovered
comer al aire libre, to eat in the open air
estar en el aire, (una pregunta, un proyecto) to be up in the air
Rad on the air
necesitar un cambio de aires, to need a change of scene
saltar por los aires, to blow up
tomar el aire, to get some fresh air
' aire' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acondicionada
- acondicionado
- ahogar
- ahogarse
- bocanada
- bolsa
- bombear
- bombeo
- brizna
- cana
- castillo
- circular
- condescendiente
- corriente
- cortante
- desinflarse
- dotada
- dotado
- echar
- espantar
- familia
- frigoría
- globo
- hinchada
- hinchado
- izar
- inspiración
- mover
- pura
- puro
- refrigeración
- remolino
- remontar
- remontarse
- resuello
- sabor
- sofocarse
- surcar
- suspensión
- tomar
- vacía
- vacío
- viciar
- vilo
- volandas
- voltear
- acondicionador
- aliento
- bomba
- burbuja
English:
air
- air gun
- air pocket
- air-conditioning
- airborne
- airlock
- breezy
- clear
- crisp
- dangle
- device
- dissipate
- door
- draught
- draughty
- festival
- foul
- fresh
- fug
- garden party
- gasp
- grim
- hair
- hang
- hover
- impure
- inhale
- intake
- jet
- jet-stream
- kiss
- likeness
- manner
- midair
- open
- open-air
- outdoor
- outdoors
- outdoorsman
- pipe dream
- pocket
- puff
- rush
- sardonically
- sleep out
- somersault
- spirit level
- spring
- still
- stuffy

* * *

aire

♦ nm

1. [fluido] air;

al aire [al descubierto] exposed;

con el pecho al aire bare-chested;

con las piernas al aire with bare legs, bare-legged;

si duermes con los pies al aire te enfriarás if you sleep with your feet sticking out from under the covers, you'll catch cold;

el médico le aconsejó que dejara la quemadura al aire the doctor advised him to leave the burn uncovered;

disparar al aire to shoot into the air;

disparó al aire she fired a shot into the air;

aire-aire [misil] air-to-air;

a esta rueda le falta aire this tyre is a bit flat;

al aire libre in the open air;

un concierto al aire libre an open-air concert;

Comp

a mi/tu/ etc[m5]. aire: prefiero hacerlo a mi aire I'd rather do it my (own) way;

tú a tu aire, si te aburres vete a casa do whatever you like, if you're bored just go home;

Comp

cambiar de aires to have a change of scene;

el médico le recomendó cambiar de aires the doctor recommended a change of air;

Comp

dejar algo en el aire to leave sth up in the air;

Comp

estar en el aire [sin decidir] to be in the air;
Rad & TV to be on the air;
el resultado todavía está en el aire the result could still go either way;

el programa sale al aire los lunes a las nueve the programme is broadcast on Mondays at nine o'clock;

Comp

saltar o [m5]volar por los aires: el automóvil saltó o [m5] voló por los aires the car was blown into the air;

Comp

tomar el aire to go for a breath of fresh air;

Comp
Fam
vivir del aire [no tener nada] to live on thin air;
[comer poco] to eat next to nothing;
sin trabajo ni casa, ¿es que piensa vivir del aire? how does she expect to survive without a job or a home?

Comp
aire acondicionado air-conditioning;
aire comprimido compressed air;

aire líquido liquid oxygen;

aire del mar sea air;

aire puro fresh air;

aire viciado foul air

2. [viento] wind;

hoy hace mucho aire it's very windy today;

cierra la puerta que entra aire close the door, there's a draught

Comp
aire polar polar wind;
aire tropical tropical wind

3. [aspecto] air, appearance;

un vehículo de aire deportivo a sporty-looking car;

tiene un aire distraído she has an absent-minded air about her, she comes across as rather absent-minded;

su respuesta tenía un cierto aire de escepticismo there was a touch of scepticism about her answer

4. [parecido]
tiene un aire a su madre she has something of her mother;

tiene un aire con alguien que conozco he reminds me of someone I know

5.
aires [vanidad] [m5] se da aires de lista she makes out she's clever;

desde que es jefe se da muchos aires (de grandeza) since he became the boss he's been giving himself airs

6. Fam [parálisis] attack, fit;

le dio un aire he had a fit

7. Mús [melodía] air, tune;
[ritmo] tempo
Comp
aire lento slow tempo;
aire popular folk song, traditional song;

aire rápido fast o upbeat tempo

8. [ventosidad] wind;

tener aire to have wind

9. Méx Fam
dar aire a alguien [despedir] to sack sb;

dio aire a su novio she dumped her boyfriend

♦ interj
Fam clear off!;
¡aire, y no se te ocurra volver por aquí! clear off and don't let me see you here again!

* * *

aire

m

1 air;

al aire libre in the open air;

traer aire fresco a algo bring a breath of fresh air to sth;

estar en el aire fig fam be up in the air fam ;

dejar en el aire fig leave … up in the air;

vivir del aire fam live on thin air;

a mi aire in my own way

2 MÚS tune

3 ( viento)

:

hace mucho aire it is very windy;

corre mucho aire it is very windy;

cambiar de aires have a change of scene

4

:

darse aires fam give o.s. airs, put on airs and graces

* * *

aire nm

1) : air

2)

aire acondicionado : air-conditioning

3)

darse aires : to give oneself airs

* * *

aire n

1. (en general) air

el aire está formado por oxígeno y nitrógeno air is made up of oxygen and nitrogen

2. (viento) wind

hoy hace mucho aire it's very windy today

a mi aire my way

al aire libre in the open air

cambiar de aires to have a change of scenery

darse aires to put on airs

en el aire (sin solución) up in the air (programa de radio etc) on the air

tomar el aire to get a breath of fresh air

aire acondicionado air conditioning

Spanish-English dictionary > aire
4 salir

v.

1 to go out (ir fuera).

¡sal aquí fuera! come out here!

salir de to go/come out of

¿salimos al jardín? shall we go out into the garden?

Yo salí I went out.

2 to go out (ser novios).

están saliendo they are going out (together)

3 to turn out.

ha salido muy estudioso he has turned out to be very studious

¿qué salió en la votación? what was the result of the vote?

salir elegida actriz del año to be voted actress of the year

salir premiado to be awarded a prize

salir bien/mal to turn out well/badly

salir ganando/perdiendo to come off well/badly

me ha salido mal it didn't go very well; (examen, entrevista) it didn't turn out very well; (plato, dibujo) I got the wrong result (cuenta)

¿qué tal te ha salido? how did it go?

4 to go out.

salen mucho a cenar they eat out a lot

5 to come out (surgir) (luna, estrellas, planta).

le ha salido un sarpullido en la espalda her back has come out in a rash

El plan me salió mal The plan came out bad.

6 to come out (aparecer) (publicación, producto, traumas).

¡qué bien sales en la foto! you look great in the photo!

ha salido en los periódicos/en la tele it's been in the papers/on TV

salir de (Cine & Teatro) to appear as

7 to come up.

8 to turn up, to come along (presentarse) (ocasión, oportunidad).

9 to work out.

salir caro to be expensive; (de dinero) to be costly (por las consecuencias)

10 to lead.

te toca salir a ti it's your lead

11 to come out.

la mancha de vino no sale the wine stain won't come out

12 to get out, to escape.

Me salió una espinilla I got a pimple.

13 to slip out.

Se me salió una imprudencia Something improper slipped out.

14 to get away.

El chico salió The boy got away.

15 to step out, to pull out, to step outside.

Ellos salieron con dificultad They pulled out with difficulty.

16 to come up against, to encounter.

Nos salió un problema We encountered a problem [came up against a problem]

17 to be out, to come out.

La luna sale a veces The moon comes out sometimes.

18 to appear to.

Nos salió un fantasma A ghost appeared to us.

19 to work out for.

20 to match.

* * *

SALIR

CONJUGACIÓN

Present Indicative

salgo, sales, sale, salimos, salís, salen.

Future Indicative

saldré, saldrás, saldrá, saldremos, saldréis, saldrán.

Conditional

saldría, saldrías, saldría, saldríamos, saldríais, saldrían.

Present Subjunctive

salga, salgas, salga, salgamos, salgáis, salgan.

Imperative

sal (tú), salga (él/Vd.), salgamos (nos.), salid (vos.), salgan (ellos/Vds.).

* * *

verb

1) to go out, get out

2) depart, leave

3) come out, appear

4) turn out

5) become, be elected

•

- salir a

* * *
Para las expresiones salir adelante, salir ganando, salir perdiendo, salir de viaje, ver la otra entrada.
1. VERBO INTRANSITIVO

1) (=partir) [persona] to leave; [transportes] to leave, depart frm; (Náut) to leave, sail

el autocar sale a las ocho — the coach leaves at eight

sale un tren cada dos horas — there is a train every two hours

• salir [de] — to leave

salimos de Madrid a las ocho — we left Madrid at eight

saldremos del hotel temprano — we'll leave the hotel early

quiere salir del país — she wants to leave the country

¿a qué hora sales de la oficina? — what time do you leave the office?

salgo de clase a las cinco — I finish school at five

• salir [para] — to set off for

después de comer salimos para Palencia — after we had eaten we set off for Palencia

2) (=no entrar) (=ir fuera) to go out; (=venir fuera) to come out; [a divertirse] to go out

sal ahí fuera a recoger la pelota — go out there and get the ball back

sal aquí al jardín con nosotros — come out into the garden with us

salió a la calle a ver si venían — she went outside {o} she went out into the street to see if they were coming

-¿está Juan? -no, ha salido — "is Juan in?" - "no, I'm afraid he's gone out"

¿vas a salir esta noche? — are you going out tonight?

nunca he salido al extranjero — I've never been abroad

la pelota salió fuera — (Ftbl) the ball went out (of play)

los rehenes salieron por la ventana — the hostages got out through the window

• salió [corriendo] (del cuarto) — he ran out (of the room)

• salir [de], nos la encontramos al salir del cine — we bumped into her when we were coming out of the cinema

¿de dónde has salido? — where did you appear {o} spring from?

salir de un apuro — to get out of a jam

salir del coma — to come out of a coma

• salir de [paseo] — to go out for a walk

- de esta no salimos

salir de pobre —

no salió nunca de pobre — he never stopped being poor

3) [al mercado] [revista, libro, disco] to come out; [moda] to come in

el libro sale el mes que viene — the book comes out next month

acaba de salir un disco suyo — an album of his has just come out {o} been released

4) [en medios de comunicación]

la noticia salió en el periódico de ayer — the news was {o} appeared in yesterday's paper

sus padres salieron en los periódicos — her parents were in the papers

salir por la televisión — to be {o} appear on TV

5) (=surgir) to come up

en el debate no salió el tema del aborto — the subject of abortion didn't come up in the debate

si sale un puesto apropiado — if a suitable job comes up

cuando salga la ocasión — when the opportunity comes up {o} arises

¡ya salió aquello! — we know all about that!

salirle algo a algn: le ha salido novio/un trabajo — she's got herself a boyfriend/a job

6) (=aparecer) [agua] to come out; [sol] to come out; [mancha] to appear

no sale agua del grifo — there's no water coming out of the tap

ha salido una mancha en el techo — a damp patch has appeared on the ceiling

me sale sangre — I'm bleeding

7) (=nacer) [diente] to come through; [planta, sol] to come up; [pelo] to grow; [pollito] to hatch

me está saliendo una muela del juicio — one of my wisdom teeth is coming through

ya le ha salido un diente al niño — the baby already has one tooth

le han salido muchas espinillas — he's got a lot of blackheads

nos levantamos antes de que saliera el sol — we got up before sunrise

8) (=quitarse) [mancha] to come out, come off

el anillo no le sale del dedo — the ring won't come off her finger, she can't get the ring off her finger

9) (=costar)

la calefacción de gas saldría más barata — gas heating would work out cheaper

• salir [a], sale a ocho euros el kilo — it works out at eight euros a kilo

salimos a 10 libras por persona — it works out at £10 each

• salir [por], me salió por 1.000 pesos — it cost me 1,000 pesos

10) (=resultar)

¿cómo salió la representación? — how did the performance go?

espero que todo salga como habíamos planeado — I hope everything goes to plan

la prueba salió positiva — the test was positive

salió triunfador de las elecciones — he was victorious in the elections

la secretaria salió muy trabajadora — the secretary turned out to be very hard-working

¿qué número ha salido premiado en la lotería? — what was the winning number in the lottery?

salió alcalde por tres votos — he was elected mayor by three votes

tenemos que aceptarlo, salga lo que salga — we have to accept it, whatever happens

• salir [bien], el plan salió bien — the plan worked out well

espero que todo salga bien — I hope everything works out all right

¿salió bien la fiesta? — did the party go well?

ha salido muy bien de la operación — she's come through the operation very well

¿cómo te salió el examen? — how did your exam go?

• salir [mal], salió muy mal del tratamiento — the treatment wasn't at all successful

la celebración salió mal por la lluvia — the celebrations were spoiled by the rain

les salió mal el proyecto — their plan didn't work out

¡qué mal me ha salido el dibujo! — oh dear! my drawing hasn't come out very well!

11)

salirle algo a algn —

a) (=poder resolverse)

he intentado resolver el problema pero no me sale — I've tried to solve the problem but I just can't do it

este crucigrama no me sale — I can't do this crossword

b) (=resultar natural)

no me sale ser amable con ella — I find it difficult being nice to her

c) (=poder recordarse)

no me sale su apellido — I can't think of his name

12)

• salir [a] — [calle] to come out in, lead to

esta calle sale a la plaza — this street comes out in {o} leads to the square

13)

• salir [a] algn — (=parecerse) to take after sb

ha salido a su padre — he takes after his father

14)

• salir [con] algn — to go out with sb

está saliendo con un compañero de clase — she's going out with one of her classmates

salen juntos desde hace dos años — they've been going out (together) for two years

15)

• salir [con] algo — [al hablar] to come out with sth

y ahora sale con esto — and now he comes out with this

ahora me sale con que yo le debo dinero — and now he starts complaining that I owe him money

16)

• salir [de] — [proceder] to come from

el aceite que sale de la aceituna — oil which comes from olives

17)

• salir [por] algn — (=defender) to come out in defence of sb, stick up for sb; [económicamente] to back sb financially

cuando hubo problemas, salió por mí — when there were problems, she stuck up for me {o} came out in my defence

18) (Teat) to come on

sale vestido de policía — he comes on dressed as a policeman

"sale el rey" — [acotación] "enter the king"

19) (=empezar) (Dep) to start; (Ajedrez) to have first move; (Naipes) to lead

salir con un as — to lead an ace

salir de triunfo — to lead a trump

20) (Inform) to exit

21) (=sobresalir) to stick out

el balcón sale unos dos metros — the balcony sticks out about two metres

22) (=pagar)

salir a los gastos de algn — to meet {o} pay sb's expenses

2.

See:

salirse
SALIR Para precisar la forma de salir Aunque salir (de ) se suele traducir por come out (of ) o por go out (of) según la dirección del movimiento, cuando se quiere especificar la forma en que se realiza ese movimiento, estos verbos se pueden reemplazar por otros como run out, rush out, jump out, tiptoe out, climb out {etc}: Se vio a tres hombres enmascarados salir del banco corriendo Three masked men were seen running out of the bank Salió del coche con un salto He jumped out of the car Salió de puntillas de la habitación He tiptoed out of the room Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada
* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

Sentido I

1) ( partir) to leave

¿a qué hora sale tu tren/tu vuelo? — what time is your train/flight?

el jefe había salido de viaje — the boss was away

salió corriendo or disparada — (fam) she was off like a shot (colloq)

salir de algo — to leave from something

¿de qué andén sale el tren? — what platform does the train leave from?

salgo de casa a las siete — I leave home at seven

salir para algo — to leave for something

2) ( al exterior - acercándose al hablante) to come out; (- alejándose del hablante) to go out

no salgas sin abrigo — don't go out without a coat

no puedo salir, me he quedado encerrado — I can't get out, I'm trapped in here

salir de algo — to come out/get out of something

sal de ahí! — come out of there!

sal de aquí! — get out of here!

sal ya de la cama — get out of bed

¿tú de dónde has salido? — where have you sprung from?

¿de dónde salió este dinero? — where did this money come from?

nunca ha salido de España — he's never been out of Spain

no puede salir del país — she can't leave the country

salir por algo — to leave by something

salió por la puerta de atrás — he went out o left by the back door

tuvo que salir por la ventana — she had to get out through the window

salir a algo: salieron al balcón/al jardín they went out onto the balcony/into the garden; salir a + inf to go out/come out to + inf; ¿sales a jugar? are you coming out to play?; salió a hacer las compras — she's gone out (to do the) shopping

3) ( habiendo terminado algo) to leave

no salgo de trabajar hasta las siete — I don't finish o leave work until seven

¿a qué hora sales de clase? — what time do you get out of class o finish your class?

¿cuándo sale del hospital? — when is he coming out of (the) hospital?

4)

a) ( como entretenimiento) to go out

estuvo castigado un mes sin salir — he wasn't allowed to go out for a month

salieron a cenar fuera — they went out for dinner

b) ( tener una relación) to go out

salen juntos — they're going out together

salir con alguien — to go out with somebody

¿estás saliendo con alguien? — are you going out with anyone?

5) (a calle, carretera)

¿por aquí se sale a la carretera? — can I get on to the road this way?

¿esta calle sale al Paseo Colón? — does this street come out onto the Paseo Colón?

6) clavo/tapón to come out; anillo to come off

Sentido II

7) (aparecer, manifestarse)

a) cana/sarpullido to appear; (+ me/te/le etc)

me empiezan a salir canas — I'm starting to go gray

ya le ha salido el primer diente — her first tooth has already come through

le están saliendo los dientes — she's teething

me ha salió una ampolla — I've got a blister

le salió un sarpullido — he came out in a rash

me salieron granos — I broke out o (BrE) come out in spots

¿te sale sangre? — are you bleeding o is it bleeding?

me sale sangre de la nariz — my nose is bleeding

a la planta le están saliendo hojas nuevas — the plant's putting out new leaves

b) sol ( por la mañana) to rise, come up; ( de detrás de una nube) to come out

c) ( surgir) tema/idea to come up

yo no se lo pedí, salió de él — I didn't ask him to do it, it was his idea o he offered

ya salió aquello — you (o he etc) had to bring that up; (+ me/te/le etc)

le salió así, espontáneamente — he just came out with it quite spontaneously

me salió en alemán — it came o I said it in German

me salió otro compromiso — something (else) came up

d) carta ( en naipes) to come up

¿ha salido ya el 15? — have they called number 15 yet?

8)

a) ( tocar en suerte) (+ me/te/le etc)

me salió un tema que no había estudiado — I got a subject I hadn't studied

b) ( en un reparto)

salir a algo — to get something

salimos a dos pastelitos cada uno — we get two cakes each

salen a tres mil el par — it works out at three thousand a pair

9) mancha ( aparecer) to appear; ( quitarse) to come out

10)

a) revista/novela to come out; disco to come out, be released

salir al mercado — to come on to the market

b) (en televisión, el periódico) to appear

salió en primera página — it appeared on the front page

salió por or en (la) televisión — she was o appeared on television

c) ( en una foto) to appear; (+ compl)

qué bien saliste en esta foto! — this photo of you is really good

d) ( desempeñando un papel)

sale de pastor — he plays o he is a shepherd

11) (expresando irritación, sorpresa)

ya salió la niña! — her again!

salir con algo: mira con qué sale éste ahora! did you hear what he just said?; no me salgas ahora con eso — don't give me that (colloq)

Sentido III

12) ( expresando logro) (+ me/te/le etc)

¿te salió el crucigrama? — did you finish the crossword?

no me sale esta ecuación — I can't do this equation

no te sale bien el acento — you haven't got the accent right

ahora mismo no me sale su nombre — (fam) I can't think of her name right now

no le salían las palabras — he couldn't get his words out

13) ( resultar)

de aquí no va a salir nada bueno — no good is going to come of this

¿a ti te da 40? a mí me sale 42 — how do you get 40? I make it 42; (+ compl)

las cosas salieron bien — things turned out o worked out well

el plan no salió como esperábamos — the plan didn't work out as we expected

no salió ninguna de las fotos — none of the photographs came out

la foto salió movida — the photograph has come out blurred

tenemos que acabarlo salga como salga — we have to finish it no matter how it turns out

sale muy caro — it works out o is very expensive

salió elegido tesorero — he was elected treasurer

¿qué número salió premiado? — what was the winning number?

salir bien/mal en un examen — (Chi fam) to pass/fail an exam; (+ me/te/le etc)

el postre no me salió bien — the dessert didn't come out right

las cosas no nos han salido bien — things haven't gone right for us

no lo hagas deprisa que te va a salir todo mal — don't try to do it too quickly, you'll do it all wrong

¿cómo te salió el examen? — how did you get on o do in the exam?

el niño les salió muy inteligente — their son turned out (to be) really bright

14) (de situación, estado)

salir de algo: para salir del apuro in order to get out of an awkward situation; está muy mal, no sé si saldrá de ésta she's very ill, I don't know if she'll pull through; no sé cómo vamos a salir de ésta I don't know how we're going to get out of this one; me ayudó a salir de la depresión he helped me get over my depression; (+ compl) salió bien de la operación she came through the operation well; salieron ilesos del accidente they were not hurt in the accident; salió airosa del trance she came through it with flying colors; salir adelante negocio to stay afloat, survive; propuesta to prosper; fue una época muy dura, pero lograron salir adelante — it was a difficult period but they managed to get through it

15) ( con preposición)

a) salir a ( parecerse a) to take after

b) salir con (Col) ( combinar con) to go with

c) salir de (Col, Ven) ( deshacerse de) to get rid of
2.
salirse v pron

1)

a) (de recipiente, límite)

cierra el grifo, que se va a salir el agua — turn off the faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap, the water's going to overflow

vigila que no se salga la leche — don't let the milk boil over

salirse de algo: el camión se salió de la carretera the truck came/went off the road; el río se salió de su cauce the river overflowed its banks; la pelota se salió del campo de juego the ball went into touch o out of play; procura no salirte del presupuesto try to keep within the budget; te estás saliendo del tema — you're getting off the point

b) (por orificio, grieta) agua/tinta to leak (out), come out; gas to escape, come out

salirse de algo: se está saliendo el aire del neumático the air's coming o leaking out of the tire; se me salió el hilo de la aguja — the needle's come unthreaded

c) (Chi, Méx) pluma/recipiente to leak

2) ( soltarse) to come off; (+ me/te/le etc)

estos zapatos se me salen — these shoes are too big for me

se le salían los ojos de las órbitas — his eyes were popping out of his head

3) ( irse) to leave

salirse de algo — de asociación to leave something

se salió del cine a la mitad de la película — she walked out halfway through the movie

salirse con la suya — to get one's (own) way

* * *

= come out, debouch, depart, exit, go out of, make + departure, march off, quit, take + departure, leave, issue out, start out, go out and about, go out, pop, head out, socialise [socialize, -USA], be out and about, get out and about, go forth.

Ex. Maybe it's the frustrated library school professor in him crying to come out -- whatever it is, give him a chance to show you what he knows.

Ex. As they debouched into the street and hurried back to the library, Jergens thanked Meek for being someone she could share her concerns with.

Ex. He smiled again, waved goodbye, and departed.

Ex. Enter the lesson number you wish, or press the letter 'X' to exit the tutorial.

Ex. In all 20 per cent of visitors went out of the bookshop with a book they had intended to buy, 15 per cent went out with a book they had not intended to buy and 67 went out with both intended and unintended purchases.

Ex. Before making his departure, however, a few hints upon the methods of examining bibliographic compilations are necessary.

Ex. Do not march off full-tilt in front of the readers.

Ex. If you decide not to send or save the message, replace the question mark in front of ' Quit' with another character.

Ex. 'I'm sure we'll be in touch a lot this week!' Suttie took her departure, repeating the offer.

Ex. 'Do you ever let anyone leave without inspecting their bags?' Carpozzi asked as she sidled up to the checker.

Ex. He bade her good day and issued out into the street.

Ex. He went back into the house, addressing his Maker in low agonized tones, changed, and started out again.

Ex. Thursday 22 August is your opportunity to go out and about - seeing at first hand the great variety of library and information centres located in the Central Belt of Scotland.

Ex. They decided one day to take it upon themselves without his knowledge to go out and solicit funds from some of the large corn processors and farm equipment manufacturers.

Ex. The azaleas are popping, the redbuds are in their finest attire, and the dogwoods are lacy jewels at the edge of the wood.

Ex. It's tempting to splurge on a new hi-fi system or head out on a shopping spree, but the smart option might be to pay off an existing debt.

Ex. She is married and has a family, but does not spend much time in the director's office or socialize with her.

Ex. But if you' re out and about like I am, here's where I'll be over the next few nights, and feel free to say hi if you're going to be in the same area.

Ex. Use the links below for ideas to get out and about.

Ex. Finally six men agreed to go forth in their underclothes and nooses around their necks in hopeful expectation that their sacrifice would satisfy the king's bloodlust and he would spare the rest of the citizens.

----

* acabar de salir de = be fresh out of.

* a lo que salga = come what may.

* a veces las cosas salen mal = shit happens.

* a veces sales jodido = shit happens.

* aventurarse a salir = venture forth.

* ayudar a Alguien a salir adelante = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.

* cosas + salir bien = things + work out.

* dejar que Alguien se salga con la suya = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.

* entrar y salir = come and go, drift in and out, wander in and out, go into and out of.

* entrar y salir corriendo = run in and out.

* estar saliendo con alguien = be in a dating relationship.

* evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.

* hacer salir = push out, flush out.

* imposibilitado para salir de casa = housebound [house-bound], homebound [home-bound].

* invitar a Alguien a salir = ask + Nombre + out.

* invitar a salir = take + Nombre + out.

* no salir mal parado por = be none the worse for (that), be none the worse for wear.

* obligar a salir = drive out + with a pitchfork, push out.

* obligar a salir de = force from.

* personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.

* por un lado entra + Nombre + y por otro sale + Nombre = in go + Nombre + at one end, and out come + Nombre + at the other.

* que puede salir en préstamo = loanable.

* salir a = propagate out to, crash to, be out to.

* salir a borbotones = gush out, spurt.

* salir a chorros = gush out, spurt.

* salir a comer = eat out.

* salir a dar una vuelta = go out.

* salir a dar una vuelta en coche = go out for + a drive.

* salir a dar un paseo = go out for + a walk.

* salir adelante = make + ends meet, keep + the wolves from the door, get + unstuck.

* salir adelante a duras penas = eke out + a living, scratch (out) + a living, scrape + a living, eke out + an existence.

* salir adelante en la vida, = get on in + life.

* salir adelante por uno mismo = pull + Reflexivo + up(wards) by + Posesivo + (own) bootstraps.

* salir adelante sin la ayuda de nadie = pull + Reflexivo + up(wards) by + Posesivo + (own) bootstraps.

* salir a echarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir a flote = make + ends meet.

* salir a fumarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir a hurtadillas = steal away.

* salir airoso = pass + muster, pass with + flying colours.

* salir airoso de = ride out.

* salir a la calle = go out, hit + the streets.

* salir a la calle en avalancha = spill (out) into + the streets.

* salir a la luz = come to + light, go + live.

* salir a la palestra = come out in + the open.

* salir a las mil maravillas = work + a treat, come up + a treat, go down + a treat.

* salir a la superficie = surface.

* salir ampollas = blister.

* salir a pasear en coche = go out for + a drive.

* salir a pedir de boca = come up + roses, go off without + a hitch.

* salir apresuradamente = dash off, shoot off.

* salir a subasta = come up for + auction.

* salir a toda prisa = make + a hasty exit.

* salir a tomar una copa = go out for + a drink.

* salir bien = go + well.

* salir bien al final = turn out + right in the end.

* salir bramando = roar out of.

* salir con estupideces = talk + nonsense.

* salir corriendo = leg it, run off, run away, bolt, make + a bolt for, dash off, take off, shoot off, take off + running, take to + Posesivo + heels.

* salir corriendo a la calle = run into + the street.

* salir de = get out of, walk out of, climb out of, break out of, break through, strike out from.

* salir de casa = leave + home.

* salir de copas = go out for + a drink.

* salir de donde menos Uno se lo espera = come out of + the woodwork.

* salir de fiesta = party.

* salir de Guatemala para meterse en Guatapeor = out of the fire and into the frying pan.

* salir de jarana = paint + the town red, go out on + the town.

* salir de juerga = go out + boozing, paint + the town red, go out on + the town.

* salir de la cárcel = release from + jail.

* salir de la miseria = haul + Reflexivo + out of + Posesivo + bog.

* salir del armario = come out of + the closet.

* salir de la rutina tradicional = break out of + the traditional mould.

* salir de la situación = extricate + Reflexivo.

* salir del cascarón = come out of + Posesivo + shell.

* salir del círculo = break out of + circle.

* salir del trabajo = clock off + work.

* salir de marcha = paint + the town red, party, go out on + the town.

* salir de nuevo = come back out.

* salir de parranda = go out + boozing, paint + the town red, go out on + the town.

* salir de paseo = go out for + a walk.

* salir de paseo en coche = go out for + a drive.

* salir de perlas = come up + a treat, go down + a treat.

* salir de + Posesivo + escondite = raise + Posesivo + head above the parapet.

* salir de + Posesivo + refugio = raise + Posesivo + head above the parapet.

* salir de quién sabe dónde = come out of + the woodwork.

* salir desapercibido = sneak out of.

* salir desde = set out from.

* salir de una situación difícil = haul + Reflexivo + out of + Posesivo + bog.

* salir de un impás = circumvent + impasse.

* salir disparado = bolt, make + a bolt for, shoot off, dash off, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* salir disparado de = shoot out of.

* salir echando leches = bolt, take off, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* salir el tiro por la culata = backfire, misfire.

* salir en desbandada = stampede.

* salir en estampida = stampede.

* salir en forma radial de = radiate from.

* salir enojado dando zapatazos = stomp out of.

* salir en pareja con = date.

* salir en tropel = stampede.

* salir escaldado = get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue.

* salir fatal = go + pear-shaped.

* salir fuera = be out and about, get out and about.

* salir ganando = make + a profit, win, compare + favourably, be better off, win + the day, win out, be better served by, come out on + top.

* salir grietas = develop + cracks.

* salir horriblemente mal = go + horribly wrong.

* salir huyendo = make off, do + a bunk.

* salir ileso = escape + injury, leave without + a scratch.

* salir impune = get away with it, get away with + murder, get away + scot-free.

* salir inadvertidamente = sneak out of.

* salir juntos = be an item.

* salir los dientes = cut + Posesivo + teeth.

* salir mal = go + wrong, go + awry, misfire, backfire.

* salir malparado = get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue.

* salir perdiendo = victimise [victimize, -USA], come off + worst, lose out, compare + unfavourably, lose + neck, be a little worse off.

* salir perjudicado = pay + the price, pay + the penalty.

* salir pitando = take off, bolt, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* salir por los cerros de Ubeda = go off on + a tangent, go off at + a tangent, fly off on + a tangent.

* salir por piernas = make + a hasty exit.

* salir por pies = take off + running, leg it, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* salir resueltamente = sally forth.

* salir rugiendo = roar out of.

* salir sangre = draw + blood.

* salirse con la de Uno = have + Posesivo + way (with), get away with it.

* salirse con las de Uno = get + Posesivo + (own) way, have + Posesivo + own way, get away with + murder, get away + scot-free.

* salirse de = depart from, opt out of, step out of, spill out of.

* salirse de convencionalismos = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* salirse de la carretera = go off + the road.

* salirse del molde = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* salir según lo planeado = go off + as planned.

* salir según lo previsto = go off + as planned.

* salirse por la tangente = go off + the track, get off + the track, fly off on + a tangent, go off on + a tangent, go off at + a tangent, wander off + track, wander off + topic.

* salir sigilosamente = steal away, slither out of.

* salir sin ganar ni perder = break + even.

* salir sin ser visto = sneak out of, slip out, steal away.

* salir sin un rasguño = leave without + a scratch.

* salir sobre ruedas = go off without + a hitch.

* salir todo bien = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.

* salir todo redondo = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.

* salir una gotera = spring + a leak.

* salir un momento a = pop down to.

* salir un poco perjudicado = be a little worse prepared, be a little worse off.

* salir volando = bolt, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* salir y caer = fall out (of).

* salir zumbando = bolt, make + a bolt for.

* si no aguantas el calor, sal de la cocina = if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen.

* sol + salir por = sun + rise on.

* volver a salir = come back out.

* volver a salir a la superficie = resurface.

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

Sentido I

1) ( partir) to leave

¿a qué hora sale tu tren/tu vuelo? — what time is your train/flight?

el jefe había salido de viaje — the boss was away

salió corriendo or disparada — (fam) she was off like a shot (colloq)

salir de algo — to leave from something

¿de qué andén sale el tren? — what platform does the train leave from?

salgo de casa a las siete — I leave home at seven

salir para algo — to leave for something

2) ( al exterior - acercándose al hablante) to come out; (- alejándose del hablante) to go out

no salgas sin abrigo — don't go out without a coat

no puedo salir, me he quedado encerrado — I can't get out, I'm trapped in here

salir de algo — to come out/get out of something

sal de ahí! — come out of there!

sal de aquí! — get out of here!

sal ya de la cama — get out of bed

¿tú de dónde has salido? — where have you sprung from?

¿de dónde salió este dinero? — where did this money come from?

nunca ha salido de España — he's never been out of Spain

no puede salir del país — she can't leave the country

salir por algo — to leave by something

salió por la puerta de atrás — he went out o left by the back door

tuvo que salir por la ventana — she had to get out through the window

salir a algo: salieron al balcón/al jardín they went out onto the balcony/into the garden; salir a + inf to go out/come out to + inf; ¿sales a jugar? are you coming out to play?; salió a hacer las compras — she's gone out (to do the) shopping

3) ( habiendo terminado algo) to leave

no salgo de trabajar hasta las siete — I don't finish o leave work until seven

¿a qué hora sales de clase? — what time do you get out of class o finish your class?

¿cuándo sale del hospital? — when is he coming out of (the) hospital?

4)

a) ( como entretenimiento) to go out

estuvo castigado un mes sin salir — he wasn't allowed to go out for a month

salieron a cenar fuera — they went out for dinner

b) ( tener una relación) to go out

salen juntos — they're going out together

salir con alguien — to go out with somebody

¿estás saliendo con alguien? — are you going out with anyone?

5) (a calle, carretera)

¿por aquí se sale a la carretera? — can I get on to the road this way?

¿esta calle sale al Paseo Colón? — does this street come out onto the Paseo Colón?

6) clavo/tapón to come out; anillo to come off

Sentido II

7) (aparecer, manifestarse)

a) cana/sarpullido to appear; (+ me/te/le etc)

me empiezan a salir canas — I'm starting to go gray

ya le ha salido el primer diente — her first tooth has already come through

le están saliendo los dientes — she's teething

me ha salió una ampolla — I've got a blister

le salió un sarpullido — he came out in a rash

me salieron granos — I broke out o (BrE) come out in spots

¿te sale sangre? — are you bleeding o is it bleeding?

me sale sangre de la nariz — my nose is bleeding

a la planta le están saliendo hojas nuevas — the plant's putting out new leaves

b) sol ( por la mañana) to rise, come up; ( de detrás de una nube) to come out

c) ( surgir) tema/idea to come up

yo no se lo pedí, salió de él — I didn't ask him to do it, it was his idea o he offered

ya salió aquello — you (o he etc) had to bring that up; (+ me/te/le etc)

le salió así, espontáneamente — he just came out with it quite spontaneously

me salió en alemán — it came o I said it in German

me salió otro compromiso — something (else) came up

d) carta ( en naipes) to come up

¿ha salido ya el 15? — have they called number 15 yet?

8)

a) ( tocar en suerte) (+ me/te/le etc)

me salió un tema que no había estudiado — I got a subject I hadn't studied

b) ( en un reparto)

salir a algo — to get something

salimos a dos pastelitos cada uno — we get two cakes each

salen a tres mil el par — it works out at three thousand a pair

9) mancha ( aparecer) to appear; ( quitarse) to come out

10)

a) revista/novela to come out; disco to come out, be released

salir al mercado — to come on to the market

b) (en televisión, el periódico) to appear

salió en primera página — it appeared on the front page

salió por or en (la) televisión — she was o appeared on television

c) ( en una foto) to appear; (+ compl)

qué bien saliste en esta foto! — this photo of you is really good

d) ( desempeñando un papel)

sale de pastor — he plays o he is a shepherd

11) (expresando irritación, sorpresa)

ya salió la niña! — her again!

salir con algo: mira con qué sale éste ahora! did you hear what he just said?; no me salgas ahora con eso — don't give me that (colloq)

Sentido III

12) ( expresando logro) (+ me/te/le etc)

¿te salió el crucigrama? — did you finish the crossword?

no me sale esta ecuación — I can't do this equation

no te sale bien el acento — you haven't got the accent right

ahora mismo no me sale su nombre — (fam) I can't think of her name right now

no le salían las palabras — he couldn't get his words out

13) ( resultar)

de aquí no va a salir nada bueno — no good is going to come of this

¿a ti te da 40? a mí me sale 42 — how do you get 40? I make it 42; (+ compl)

las cosas salieron bien — things turned out o worked out well

el plan no salió como esperábamos — the plan didn't work out as we expected

no salió ninguna de las fotos — none of the photographs came out

la foto salió movida — the photograph has come out blurred

tenemos que acabarlo salga como salga — we have to finish it no matter how it turns out

sale muy caro — it works out o is very expensive

salió elegido tesorero — he was elected treasurer

¿qué número salió premiado? — what was the winning number?

salir bien/mal en un examen — (Chi fam) to pass/fail an exam; (+ me/te/le etc)

el postre no me salió bien — the dessert didn't come out right

las cosas no nos han salido bien — things haven't gone right for us

no lo hagas deprisa que te va a salir todo mal — don't try to do it too quickly, you'll do it all wrong

¿cómo te salió el examen? — how did you get on o do in the exam?

el niño les salió muy inteligente — their son turned out (to be) really bright

14) (de situación, estado)

salir de algo: para salir del apuro in order to get out of an awkward situation; está muy mal, no sé si saldrá de ésta she's very ill, I don't know if she'll pull through; no sé cómo vamos a salir de ésta I don't know how we're going to get out of this one; me ayudó a salir de la depresión he helped me get over my depression; (+ compl) salió bien de la operación she came through the operation well; salieron ilesos del accidente they were not hurt in the accident; salió airosa del trance she came through it with flying colors; salir adelante negocio to stay afloat, survive; propuesta to prosper; fue una época muy dura, pero lograron salir adelante — it was a difficult period but they managed to get through it

15) ( con preposición)

a) salir a ( parecerse a) to take after

b) salir con (Col) ( combinar con) to go with

c) salir de (Col, Ven) ( deshacerse de) to get rid of
2.
salirse v pron

1)

a) (de recipiente, límite)

cierra el grifo, que se va a salir el agua — turn off the faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap, the water's going to overflow

vigila que no se salga la leche — don't let the milk boil over

salirse de algo: el camión se salió de la carretera the truck came/went off the road; el río se salió de su cauce the river overflowed its banks; la pelota se salió del campo de juego the ball went into touch o out of play; procura no salirte del presupuesto try to keep within the budget; te estás saliendo del tema — you're getting off the point

b) (por orificio, grieta) agua/tinta to leak (out), come out; gas to escape, come out

salirse de algo: se está saliendo el aire del neumático the air's coming o leaking out of the tire; se me salió el hilo de la aguja — the needle's come unthreaded

c) (Chi, Méx) pluma/recipiente to leak

2) ( soltarse) to come off; (+ me/te/le etc)

estos zapatos se me salen — these shoes are too big for me

se le salían los ojos de las órbitas — his eyes were popping out of his head

3) ( irse) to leave

salirse de algo — de asociación to leave something

se salió del cine a la mitad de la película — she walked out halfway through the movie

salirse con la suya — to get one's (own) way

* * *

= come out, debouch, depart, exit, go out of, make + departure, march off, quit, take + departure, leave, issue out, start out, go out and about, go out, pop, head out, socialise [socialize, -USA], be out and about, get out and about, go forth.

Ex: Maybe it's the frustrated library school professor in him crying to come out -- whatever it is, give him a chance to show you what he knows.

Ex: As they debouched into the street and hurried back to the library, Jergens thanked Meek for being someone she could share her concerns with.

Ex: He smiled again, waved goodbye, and departed.

Ex: Enter the lesson number you wish, or press the letter 'X' to exit the tutorial.

Ex: In all 20 per cent of visitors went out of the bookshop with a book they had intended to buy, 15 per cent went out with a book they had not intended to buy and 67 went out with both intended and unintended purchases.

Ex: Before making his departure, however, a few hints upon the methods of examining bibliographic compilations are necessary.

Ex: Do not march off full-tilt in front of the readers.

Ex: If you decide not to send or save the message, replace the question mark in front of ' Quit' with another character.

Ex: 'I'm sure we'll be in touch a lot this week!' Suttie took her departure, repeating the offer.

Ex: 'Do you ever let anyone leave without inspecting their bags?' Carpozzi asked as she sidled up to the checker.

Ex: He bade her good day and issued out into the street.

Ex: He went back into the house, addressing his Maker in low agonized tones, changed, and started out again.

Ex: Thursday 22 August is your opportunity to go out and about - seeing at first hand the great variety of library and information centres located in the Central Belt of Scotland.

Ex: They decided one day to take it upon themselves without his knowledge to go out and solicit funds from some of the large corn processors and farm equipment manufacturers.

Ex: The azaleas are popping, the redbuds are in their finest attire, and the dogwoods are lacy jewels at the edge of the wood.

Ex: It's tempting to splurge on a new hi-fi system or head out on a shopping spree, but the smart option might be to pay off an existing debt.

Ex: She is married and has a family, but does not spend much time in the director's office or socialize with her.

Ex: But if you' re out and about like I am, here's where I'll be over the next few nights, and feel free to say hi if you're going to be in the same area.

Ex: Use the links below for ideas to get out and about.

Ex: Finally six men agreed to go forth in their underclothes and nooses around their necks in hopeful expectation that their sacrifice would satisfy the king's bloodlust and he would spare the rest of the citizens.

* acabar de salir de = be fresh out of.

* a lo que salga = come what may.

* a veces las cosas salen mal = shit happens.

* a veces sales jodido = shit happens.

* aventurarse a salir = venture forth.

* ayudar a Alguien a salir adelante = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.

* cosas + salir bien = things + work out.

* dejar que Alguien se salga con la suya = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.

* entrar y salir = come and go, drift in and out, wander in and out, go into and out of.

* entrar y salir corriendo = run in and out.

* estar saliendo con alguien = be in a dating relationship.

* evitar que + salir = keep + Nombre + in.

* hacer salir = push out, flush out.

* imposibilitado para salir de casa = housebound [house-bound], homebound [home-bound].

* invitar a Alguien a salir = ask + Nombre + out.

* invitar a salir = take + Nombre + out.

* no salir mal parado por = be none the worse for (that), be none the worse for wear.

* obligar a salir = drive out + with a pitchfork, push out.

* obligar a salir de = force from.

* personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.

* por un lado entra + Nombre + y por otro sale + Nombre = in go + Nombre + at one end, and out come + Nombre + at the other.

* que puede salir en préstamo = loanable.

* salir a = propagate out to, crash to, be out to.

* salir a borbotones = gush out, spurt.

* salir a chorros = gush out, spurt.

* salir a comer = eat out.

* salir a dar una vuelta = go out.

* salir a dar una vuelta en coche = go out for + a drive.

* salir a dar un paseo = go out for + a walk.

* salir adelante = make + ends meet, keep + the wolves from the door, get + unstuck.

* salir adelante a duras penas = eke out + a living, scratch (out) + a living, scrape + a living, eke out + an existence.

* salir adelante en la vida, = get on in + life.

* salir adelante por uno mismo = pull + Reflexivo + up(wards) by + Posesivo + (own) bootstraps.

* salir adelante sin la ayuda de nadie = pull + Reflexivo + up(wards) by + Posesivo + (own) bootstraps.

* salir a echarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir a flote = make + ends meet.

* salir a fumarse un cigarro = go out for + a smoke.

* salir a hurtadillas = steal away.

* salir airoso = pass + muster, pass with + flying colours.

* salir airoso de = ride out.

* salir a la calle = go out, hit + the streets.

* salir a la calle en avalancha = spill (out) into + the streets.

* salir a la luz = come to + light, go + live.

* salir a la palestra = come out in + the open.

* salir a las mil maravillas = work + a treat, come up + a treat, go down + a treat.

* salir a la superficie = surface.

* salir ampollas = blister.

* salir a pasear en coche = go out for + a drive.

* salir a pedir de boca = come up + roses, go off without + a hitch.

* salir apresuradamente = dash off, shoot off.

* salir a subasta = come up for + auction.

* salir a toda prisa = make + a hasty exit.

* salir a tomar una copa = go out for + a drink.

* salir bien = go + well.

* salir bien al final = turn out + right in the end.

* salir bramando = roar out of.

* salir con estupideces = talk + nonsense.

* salir corriendo = leg it, run off, run away, bolt, make + a bolt for, dash off, take off, shoot off, take off + running, take to + Posesivo + heels.

* salir corriendo a la calle = run into + the street.

* salir de = get out of, walk out of, climb out of, break out of, break through, strike out from.

* salir de casa = leave + home.

* salir de copas = go out for + a drink.

* salir de donde menos Uno se lo espera = come out of + the woodwork.

* salir de fiesta = party.

* salir de Guatemala para meterse en Guatapeor = out of the fire and into the frying pan.

* salir de jarana = paint + the town red, go out on + the town.

* salir de juerga = go out + boozing, paint + the town red, go out on + the town.

* salir de la cárcel = release from + jail.

* salir de la miseria = haul + Reflexivo + out of + Posesivo + bog.

* salir del armario = come out of + the closet.

* salir de la rutina tradicional = break out of + the traditional mould.

* salir de la situación = extricate + Reflexivo.

* salir del cascarón = come out of + Posesivo + shell.

* salir del círculo = break out of + circle.

* salir del trabajo = clock off + work.

* salir de marcha = paint + the town red, party, go out on + the town.

* salir de nuevo = come back out.

* salir de parranda = go out + boozing, paint + the town red, go out on + the town.

* salir de paseo = go out for + a walk.

* salir de paseo en coche = go out for + a drive.

* salir de perlas = come up + a treat, go down + a treat.

* salir de + Posesivo + escondite = raise + Posesivo + head above the parapet.

* salir de + Posesivo + refugio = raise + Posesivo + head above the parapet.

* salir de quién sabe dónde = come out of + the woodwork.

* salir desapercibido = sneak out of.

* salir desde = set out from.

* salir de una situación difícil = haul + Reflexivo + out of + Posesivo + bog.

* salir de un impás = circumvent + impasse.

* salir disparado = bolt, make + a bolt for, shoot off, dash off, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* salir disparado de = shoot out of.

* salir echando leches = bolt, take off, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* salir el tiro por la culata = backfire, misfire.

* salir en desbandada = stampede.

* salir en estampida = stampede.

* salir en forma radial de = radiate from.

* salir enojado dando zapatazos = stomp out of.

* salir en pareja con = date.

* salir en tropel = stampede.

* salir escaldado = get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue.

* salir fatal = go + pear-shaped.

* salir fuera = be out and about, get out and about.

* salir ganando = make + a profit, win, compare + favourably, be better off, win + the day, win out, be better served by, come out on + top.

* salir grietas = develop + cracks.

* salir horriblemente mal = go + horribly wrong.

* salir huyendo = make off, do + a bunk.

* salir ileso = escape + injury, leave without + a scratch.

* salir impune = get away with it, get away with + murder, get away + scot-free.

* salir inadvertidamente = sneak out of.

* salir juntos = be an item.

* salir los dientes = cut + Posesivo + teeth.

* salir mal = go + wrong, go + awry, misfire, backfire.

* salir malparado = get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue.

* salir perdiendo = victimise [victimize, -USA], come off + worst, lose out, compare + unfavourably, lose + neck, be a little worse off.

* salir perjudicado = pay + the price, pay + the penalty.

* salir pitando = take off, bolt, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* salir por los cerros de Ubeda = go off on + a tangent, go off at + a tangent, fly off on + a tangent.

* salir por piernas = make + a hasty exit.

* salir por pies = take off + running, leg it, take to + Posesivo + heels, run off.

* salir resueltamente = sally forth.

* salir rugiendo = roar out of.

* salir sangre = draw + blood.

* salirse con la de Uno = have + Posesivo + way (with), get away with it.

* salirse con las de Uno = get + Posesivo + (own) way, have + Posesivo + own way, get away with + murder, get away + scot-free.

* salirse de = depart from, opt out of, step out of, spill out of.

* salirse de convencionalismos = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* salirse de la carretera = go off + the road.

* salirse del molde = think out(side) + (of) the box.

* salir según lo planeado = go off + as planned.

* salir según lo previsto = go off + as planned.

* salirse por la tangente = go off + the track, get off + the track, fly off on + a tangent, go off on + a tangent, go off at + a tangent, wander off + track, wander off + topic.

* salir sigilosamente = steal away, slither out of.

* salir sin ganar ni perder = break + even.

* salir sin ser visto = sneak out of, slip out, steal away.

* salir sin un rasguño = leave without + a scratch.

* salir sobre ruedas = go off without + a hitch.

* salir todo bien = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.

* salir todo redondo = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.

* salir una gotera = spring + a leak.

* salir un momento a = pop down to.

* salir un poco perjudicado = be a little worse prepared, be a little worse off.

* salir volando = bolt, make + a bolt for, dash off, shoot off.

* salir y caer = fall out (of).

* salir zumbando = bolt, make + a bolt for.

* si no aguantas el calor, sal de la cocina = if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen.

* sol + salir por = sun + rise on.

* volver a salir = come back out.

* volver a salir a la superficie = resurface.

* * *

salir [ I29 ]

GUIA DE BUSQUEDA

■ salir (verbo intransitivo)

Sentido I

A partir

B salir al exterior

C

1 habiendo terminado algo

2 Informática

D

1 como entretenimiento

2 tener una relación

E a una calle, carretera

F salir: clavos, tapones etc

Sentido II

A

1 aparecer, manifestarse

2 salir: sol

3 surgir

4 en naipes

B

1 tocar en suerte

2 en un reparto

C salir: manchas

D

1 salir: revista, novela etc

2 en televisión, el periódico

3 en una foto

4 desempeñando un papel

E expresando irritación, sorpresa

Sentido III

A expresando logro

B resultar

C de una situación, un estado

D parecerse a

E salir con, combinar con

F salir de, deshacerse de

■ salirse (verbo pronominal)

A

1 de un recipiente, un límite

2 por un orificio, una grieta

3 salirse: recipientes etc

B soltarse

C irse

vi

Sentido I

A (partir) to leave

¿a qué hora sale el tren/tu vuelo? what time does the train/your flight leave?, what time is your train/flight?

salieron a toda velocidad they went off at top speed, they sped off

¿está Marcos? — no, ha salido de viaje can I speak to Marcos? — I'm afraid he's away at the moment

salió corriendo or pitando or disparada ( fam); she was off like a shot ( colloq), she shot off ( colloq)

salir DE algo to leave FROM sth

¿de qué andén sale el tren? what platform does the train leave from?

salgo de casa a las siete I leave home at seven

salir PARA algo to leave FOR sth

los novios salieron para las Bahamas the newlyweds left for the Bahamas

B (al exterior — acercándose al hablante) to come out; (— alejándose del hablante) to go out

no salgas sin abrigo don't go out without a coat

ha salido she's gone out, she's out

ya puedes salir que te he visto you can come on out now, I can see you

no puedo salir, me he quedado encerrado I can't get out, I'm trapped in here

salir DE algo to come out/get out OF sth

¡sal de ahí! come out of there!

¡sal de aquí! get out of here!

sal de debajo de la mesa come out from under the table

no salió de su habitación en todo el día he didn't come out of o leave his room all day

sal ya de la cama get out of bed

de aquí que no salga ni una palabra not a word of this to anyone

¿tú de dónde has salido? where have you sprung from?

¿de dónde salió este dinero? where did this money come from?

nunca ha salido de España/del pueblo he's never been out of Spain/the village

está en libertad bajo fianza y no puede salir del país she's out on bail and can't leave the country

para impedir que salgan más capitales del país to prevent more capital flowing out of o leaving the country

salir POR algo to leave BY sth

tuvo que salir por la ventana she had to get out through the window

acaba de salir por la puerta de atrás he's just left by the back door, he's just gone out the back door

salir A algo:

salieron al balcón/al jardín they went out onto the balcony/into the garden

salen al mar por la noche they go out to sea at night

¿quién quiere salir a la pizarra? who wants to come up to the blackboard?

el equipo salió al terreno de juego the team took the field o came onto the field

¿quién te salió al teléfono? who answered (the phone)?

salir A + INF to go out/come out to + INF

¿sales a jugar? are you coming out to play?

ha salido a hacer la compra she's gone out (to do the) shopping

C

1 (habiendo terminado algo) to leave

no salgo de trabajar hasta las siete I don't finish o leave work until seven

empezó a trabajar aquí recién salido de la escuela he started working here just after he left school

¿a qué hora sales de clase? what time do you come out of class o get out of class o finish your class?

¿cuándo sale del hospital/de la cárcel? when is he coming out of (the) hospital/(the) prison?

2 ( Informática) (del sistema) to log off, log out; (de una aplicación) to quit

D

1 (como entretenimiento) to go out

estuvo castigado un mes sin salir he wasn't allowed to go out for a month

salieron a cenar fuera they went out for dinner, they had dinner out

2 (tener una relación) to go out

hace tiempo que salen juntos they've been going out together for a while

salir CON algn to go out WITH sb

¿estás saliendo con alguien? are you going out with anyone?, are you seeing anyone? ( AmE)

E

(a una calle, carretera): ¿por aquí se sale a la carretera? can I get on to the road this way?

¿esta calle sale al Paseo Colón? will this street take me to the Paseo Colón?, does this street come out onto the Paseo Colón?

F «clavo/tapón» to come out; «anillo» to come off

el anillo no me sale my ring won't come off, I can't get my ring off

Sentido II

A (aparecer, manifestarse)

1 «cana/sarpullido» to appear

(+ me/te/le etc): ya me empiezan a salir canas I'm starting to go gray, I'm getting gray hairs

ya le han salido los dientes de abajo she's already got o she's already cut her bottom teeth, her bottom teeth have already come through

me ha salido una ampolla I've got a blister

le salió un sarpullido he came out in a rash

le ha salido un chichón en la frente a bump's come up on her forehead

si como chocolate me salen granos if I eat chocolate I break out o ( BrE) come out in spots

a ver ¿te sale sangre? let's have a look, are you bleeding o is it bleeding?

me sale sangre de la nariz my nose is bleeding

a la planta le están saliendo hojas nuevas the plant's putting out new leaves, the plant has some new leaves coming out

2 «sol» (por la mañana) to rise, come up; (de detrás de una nube) to come out

parece que quiere salir el sol it looks as though the sun's trying to come out

3 (surgir) «tema/idea» to come up

¿cómo salió eso a la conversación? how did that come up in the conversation?

yo no se lo pedí, salió de él I didn't ask him to do it, it was his idea o he offered

(+ me/te/le etc): le salió así, espontáneamente he just came out with it quite spontaneously

me salió en alemán it came out in German, I said it in German

no me salió nada mejor nothing better came up o turned up

¿has visto el novio que le ha salido? ( fam); have you seen the boyfriend she's found herself? ( colloq)

no voy a poder ir, me ha salido otro compromiso I'm afraid I won't be able to go, something (else) has come up o cropped up

4 «carta» (en naipes) to come up

el as de diamantes todavía no ha salido the ace of diamonds hasn't come up yet

¿ya ha salido el 15? have they called number 15 yet?, has number 15 gone yet?

B

1 (tocar en suerte) (+ me/te/le etc):

me salió un tema que no había estudiado I got a subject I hadn't studied

me salió un cinco I got a five

2 ( Esp) (en un reparto) salir A algo; to get sth

salimos a dos pastelitos cada uno we get two cakes each, it works out as two cakes each

son tres hermanos, así que salen a tres mil cada uno there are three brothers, so they each end up with o get three thousand

C «mancha» (aparecer) to appear; (quitarse) to come out

D

1 «revista» to come out; «novela» to come out, be published; «disco» to come out, be released

un producto que acaba de salir al mercado a new product which has just come on to the market

2 (en televisión, el periódico) to appear

la noticia salió en primera página the news appeared on the front page

salió por or en (la) televisión she was o appeared on television

ayer salió mi primo en or por la televisión my cousin was on (the) television yesterday

3 (en una foto) to appear

no sale en esta foto he doesn't appear in o he isn't in this photograph

(+ compl): ¡qué bien saliste en esta foto! you've come out really well in this photograph, this is a really good photograph of you

4

(desempeñando un papel): ¿tú sales en la obra de fin de curso? are you in the end-of-term play?

sale de pastor he plays o he is a shepherd

me salió de testigo en el juicio ( RPl); he testified on my behalf

le salí de testigo cuando se casó ( RPl); I was a witness at her wedding

E (expresando irritación, sorpresa) salir + GER:

y ahora sale diciendo que no lo sabía and now he says he didn't know

salir CON algo:

¡mira con qué sale éste ahora! did you hear what he just said?

no me salgas ahora con eso don't give me that ( colloq)

y ahora me sale con que no quiere ir and now he tells me he doesn't want to go!

¡a veces sale con cada cosa más graciosa! sometimes she comes out with the funniest things!

Sentido III

A (expresando logro) (+ me/te/le etc):

¿te salió el crucigrama? did you finish the crossword?

no me sale esta ecuación/cuenta I can't do this equation/sum

¿me ayudas con este dibujo que a mí no me sale? can you help me with this drawing? I can't get it right

no te sale el acento mexicano you're not very good at the Mexican accent, you haven't got the Mexican accent right

ahora mismo no me sale su nombre ( fam); I can't think of her name right now

estaba tan entusiasmado que no le salían las palabras he was so excited he couldn't get his words out

B

(resultar): de aquí no va a salir nada bueno no good is going to come of this

van a lo que salga, nunca hacen planes they just take things as they come, they never make plans

¿a ti te da 40? a mí me sale 42 how do you get 40? I make it 42

(+ compl): las cosas salieron mejor de lo que esperábamos things turned out/worked out better than we expected

tenemos que acabarlo salga como salga we have to finish it, no matter how it turns out

no ha salido ninguna de las fotos none of the photographs has come out

la foto ha salido movida the photograph has come out blurred

mandarlo certificado sale muy caro sending it registered mail works out o is very expensive

salió elegido tesorero he was elected treasurer

¿qué número salió premiado? what was the winning number?

salió beneficiado en el reparto he did well out of the division o ( BrE) share-out

(+ me/te/le etc): el postre no me salió bien the dessert didn't come out right

las cosas no nos han salido bien things haven't gone right for us

no lo hagas deprisa que te va a salir todo al revés don't try to do it too quickly, you'll do it all wrong

si lo haces sin regla te va a salir torcido if you do it without a ruler it'll come out crooked

así te va a salir muy caro it'll work out very expensive for you that way

¿cómo te salió el examen? how did you get on o do in the exam?, how did the exam go?

el niño les salió muy inteligente their son turned out (to be) really bright

C (de una situación, un estado) salir DE algo:

para salir del apuro in order to get out of an awkward situation

está muy mal, no sé si saldrá de ésta she's very ill, I don't know if she'll make it o if she'll pull through

no sé cómo vamos a salir de ésta I don't know how we're going to get out of this one

luchan por salir de la miseria en que viven they struggle to escape from the poverty in which they live

me ayudó a salir de la depresión he helped me get over my depression

a este paso no vamos a salir nunca de pobres the way we're going we're never going to stop being poor

(+ compl): salió bien de la operación she came through the operation well

salieron ilesos del accidente they were not hurt in the accident

salió airosa del trance she came through it with flying colors*

salir bien/mal en un examen ( Chi) ( Educ) to pass/fail an exam

salir adelante: fue una época muy dura, pero lograron salir adelante it was a difficult period but they managed to get through it

para que el negocio salga adelante if the business is to stay afloat o survive

la propuesta cuenta con pocas posibilidades de salir adelante the proposal is unlikely to prosper

paso¹ (↑ paso (1))

D salir a (parecerse a) to take after

es gordita, sale a la madre she's chubby, she takes after her mother

¡tiene a quien salir! you can see who she takes after!

en lo tozudo sale a su padre he gets his stubbornness from his father

E salir con ( Col) (combinar con) to go with

F salir de ( Col) (deshacerse de) to get rid of

no han podido salir de él they haven't been able to get rid of him

■ salirse

v pron

A

1

(de un recipiente, un límite): cierra el grifo, que se va a salir el agua turn off the faucet ( AmE) o ( BrE) tap, the water's going to overflow

vigila que no se salga la leche don't let the milk boil over

salirse DE algo:

el camión se salió de la carretera the truck came/went off the road, the truck left the road

el río se salió de su cauce the river overflowed its banks

no te salgas de las líneas keep inside the lines

la pelota se salió del campo de juego the ball went out of play o into touch

procura no salirte del presupuesto try to keep within the budget

te estás saliendo del tema you're getting off the point

2 (por un orificio, una grieta) «agua/tinta» to leak, leak out, come out; «gas» to escape, come out

está rajado y se sale el aceite it's cracked and the oil leaks out

salirse DE algo:

se está saliendo el aire del neumático the air's coming o leaking out of the tire*

se me ha salido el hilo de la aguja the needle's come unthreaded

3 (Chi, Méx) «recipiente/pluma» to leak

B (soltarse) to come off

se ha salido el pomo de la puerta the knob has come off the door

(+ me/te/le etc): estos zapatos se me salen these shoes are too big for me

se le ha salido una rueda it's lost a wheel, one of the wheels has come off

se le salían los ojos de las órbitas his eyes were popping out of his head o were out on stalks

C (irse) to leave salirse DE algo ‹de una asociación› to leave sth

se salió del cine a la mitad de la película she walked out halfway through the movie

salirse con la suya to get one's (own) way

* * *

salir ( conjugate salir) verbo intransitivo
1 ( partir) to leave;
◊ ¿a qué hora sale el tren? what time does the train leave?;

el jefe había salido de viaje the boss was away;
salió corriendo (fam) she was off like a shot (colloq);
salir de algo to leave from sth;
¿de qué andén sale el tren? what platform does the train leave from?;
salgo de casa a las siete I leave home at seven;
salir para algo to leave for sth
2 ( al exterior — acercándose al hablante) to come out;
(— alejándose del hablante) to go out;
◊ no salgas sin abrigo don't go out without a coat;

no puedo salir, me he quedado encerrado I can't get out, I'm trapped in here;
salir de algo to come out/get out of sth;
¡sal de ahí/de aquí! come out of there/get out of here!;
¿de dónde salió este dinero? where did this money come from?;
nunca ha salido de España he's never been out of Spain;
salir por la ventana/por la puerta to get out through the window/leave by the door;
salieron al balcón/al jardín they went out onto the balcony/into the garden;
¿por aquí se sale a la carretera? can I get on to the road this way?;
salió a hacer las compras she's gone out (to do the) shopping
3 ( habiendo terminado algo) to leave;
◊ ¿a qué hora sales de clase? what time do you get out of class o finish your class?;

¿cuándo sale del hospital? when is he coming out of (the) hospital?
4
a) ( como entretenimiento) to go out;

◊ salir a cenar to go out for dinner

b) ( tener una relación) to go out;

salir con algn to go out with sb
5 [clavo/tapón/mancha] to come out;
[ anillo] to come off
1 (aparecer, manifestarse)
a) [cana/sarpullido] to appear;

(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ me empiezan a salir canas I'm starting to go gray;

le están saliendo los dientes she's teething;
me salió una ampolla I've got a blister;
le salió un sarpullido he came out in a rash;
me salieron granos I broke out o (BrE) came out in spots;
me sale sangre de la nariz my nose is bleeding;
a la planta le están saliendo hojas nuevas the plant's putting out new leaves
b) [ sol] ( por la mañana) to rise, come up;

( de detrás de una nube) to come out
c) ( surgir) [tema/idea] to come up

d) [ carta] ( en naipes) to come up

2
a) [revista/novela] to come out;

[ disco] to come out, be released;
◊ salir al mercado to come on to the market

b) (en televisión, en el periódico) to appear

c) ( en una foto) to appear;

(+ compl)
◊ saliste muy bien en la foto you came out very well in the photo

1 ( expresando logro) (+ me/te/le etc):
◊ no me sale esta ecuación I can't do this equation;

ahora mismo no me sale su nombre (fam) I can't think of her name right now;
no le salían las palabras he couldn't get his words out
2
a) ( costar) to work out;

◊ sale más barato/caro it works out less/more expensive

b) ( resultar):

◊ todo salió bien everything turned out o worked out well;

salió tal como lo planeamos it turned out just as we planned;
no salió ninguna de las fotos none of the photographs came out;
¿qué número salió premiado? what was the winning number?;
salir bien/mal en un examen (Chi fam) to pass/fail an exam;

(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ el postre no me salió bien the dessert didn't come out right

3 (de situación, estado) salir de algo ‹ de apuro› to get out of sth;
‹ de depresión› to get over sth;
◊ salieron ilesos del accidente they were not hurt in the accident;

salir adelante [ negocio] to stay afloat, survive;

[ propuesta] to prosper;
◊ lograron salir adelante they managed to get through it

4 ( con preposición)
a)

◊ salir a ( parecerse a) to take after

b)

◊ salir con (Col) ( combinar con) to go with

salirse verbo pronominal
1
a) (de borde, límite) [ agua] to overflow;

[ leche] to boil over;
salirse de algo ‹ de carretera› to come/go off sth;
‹ de tema› to get off sth;
◊ el río se salió de su cauce the river overflowed its banks;

procura no salirte del presupuesto try to keep within the budget
b) (por orificio, grieta) [agua/tinta] to leak (out), come out;

[ gas] to escape, come out
2 ( soltarse) [pedazo/pieza] to come off;
(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ estos zapatos se me salen these shoes are too big for me

3 ( irse) to leave;
salirse de algo ‹ de asociación› to leave sth;
◊ salirse con la suya to get one's (own) way

salir verbo intransitivo
1 (de un lugar) to go out: nunca ha salido de su país, he's never been out of his country
el ladrón salió por la ventana, the burglar got out through the window
(si el hablante está fuera) to come out: ¡sal de la habitación, por favor! please, come out of the room!
2 Inform to exit
(de un sistema) to log off
3 (partir) to leave: salí de casa a mediodía, I left home at noon
nuestro avión sale a las seis, our plane departs at six
4 (para divertirse) to go out: siempre sale los viernes, she always goes out on Friday
5 (tener una relación) to go out: está saliendo con Ana, he's going out with Ana
6 Dep to start
(en juegos) to lead
7 (manifestarse, emerger) le ha salido un grano en la cara, he has got a spot on his face
me salió sangre de la nariz, my nose was bleeding
(un astro) to rise: la Luna sale al atardecer, the moon comes out in the evening
(retoñar, germinar) to sprout
8 (surgir) la idea salió de ti, it was your idea
9 (aparecer) mi hermana salía en (la) televisión, my sister appeared on television
(un libro, un disco, etc) to come out
10 salir a (parecerse) ha salido a su hermano, he takes after his brother
(costar) el almuerzo sale a 800 pesetas cada uno, lunch works out at 800 pesetas a head
11 (resultar) su hija le ha salido muy estudiosa, her daughter has turned out to be very studious
salió premiado el número 5.566, the winning number was 5,566
(una operación matemática) a él le da 20, pero a mí me sale 25, he gets 20, but I make it 25
12 (costar) nos sale barato, it works out cheap
13 (superar una situación, una gran dificultad) to come through, get over: estuvo muy enfermo, pero salió de esa, he was very ill, but he pulled through
14 (ser elegido por votación) salió alcalde, he was elected mayor
♦ Locuciones: salir con, (manifestación inesperada) no me salgas ahora con estupideces, stop talking nonsense
' salir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acampada
- ahora
- airosa
- airoso
- al
- asomarse
- atusar
- boca
- cabronada
- casa
- con
- concebir
- contraluz
- coscorrón
- cuenta
- dar
- dejar
- desalojar
- desfilar
- desorbitar
- dimanar
- echar
- entrar
- estar
- gatas
- grabar
- gracia
- gustar
- hondura
- irse
- niqui
- palestra
- para
- parada
- parado
- paso
- pico
- pierna
- pitar
- portazo
- puntilla
- quite
- rana
- relucir
- revés
- rodada
- rodado
- salida
- sangrar
- señora
English:
after
- appear
- as
- ask out
- average out at
- back out
- be
- blow off
- boomerang
- bootstrap
- break
- break out
- break through
- call away
- can
- check out
- chicken out
- clean up
- climb
- come away
- come off
- come on
- come out
- come up
- crowd
- dash off
- dash out
- date
- depart
- discipline
- do
- doll
- doubtfully
- downpour
- draw out
- drive-through
- emerge
- even
- exit
- fancy
- flounce
- forward
- genie
- get about
- get along
- get away
- get away with
- get off
- get out
- go

* * *

salir

♦ vi

1. [ir fuera] to go out;
[venir fuera] to come out;
¡sal aquí fuera! come out here!;

no pueden salir, están atrapados they can't get out, they're trapped;

¿salimos al jardín? shall we go out into the garden?;

salieron al balcón they went out onto the balcony;

salió a la puerta she came/went to the door;

salir a escena [actor] to come/go on stage;

salir a pasear/tomar el aire to go out for a walk/for a breath of fresh air;

salir a hacer la compra/de compras to go shopping;

salir de to go/come out of;

me lo encontré al salir del cine I met him as I was coming out of the cinema;

¡sal de aquí! get out of here!;

¡sal de ahí! come out of there!;

salimos por la escalera de incendios/la puerta trasera we left via the fire escape/through the back door;

Comp
Fam
porque me sale/no me sale de las narices because I damn well feel like it/damn well can't be bothered;

Comp
muy Fam
porque me sale/no me sale de los huevos because I bloody well feel like it/because I can't be arsed

2. [marcharse] to leave ( para for);
cuando salimos de Quito/del país when we left Quito/the country;

salí de casa/del trabajo a las siete I left home/work at seven;

¿a qué hora o [m5] cuándo sale vuestro vuelo? when does your flight leave?;

¿a qué hora o [m5] cuándo sales de trabajar? what time do you leave o finish work?;

salir corriendo to run off;
Fam
salir pitando to leg it;

salir de vacaciones to go (away) on Br holiday o US vacation;

salir de viaje to go away (on a trip)

3. [ser novios] to go out ( con with);
están saliendo they are going out (together);

¿desde cuándo llevan saliendo? how long have they been going out (together)?

4. [ir a divertirse] to go out;

suelo salir el fin de semana I usually go out at the weekend;

salen mucho a cenar they eat out a lot

5. [librarse]
salir de la droga to get off drugs;

Marisa ha salido de la depresión Marisa has got over o come through her depression;

salir de la miseria to escape from poverty;

salir de un apuro to get out of a tight spot;

le he ayudado a salir de muchos líos I've helped him out of a lot of tricky situations;

no sé si podremos salir de ésta I don't know how we're going to get out of this one;

con este dinero no vamos a salir de pobres this money isn't exactly enough for us never to have to work again

6. [desembocar] [calle, sendero, carretera]
¿a dónde sale esta calle? where does this street come out?

7. [separarse]
este anillo sale fácilmente this ring comes off easily;

este corcho no sale this cork won't come out

8. [resultar] to turn out;

ha salido muy estudioso he's turned out to be very studious;

¿cómo salió la fiesta? how did the party go?;

¿qué salió en la votación? what was the result of the vote?;

a mí me sale un total de 35.000 pesos I've got a total of 35,000 pesos, I make it 35,000 pesos in total;

salió (como) senador por California he was elected (as) senator for California;

salió elegida actriz del año she was voted actress of the year;

salió herido/ileso del accidente he was/wasn't injured in the accident;

salir premiado to be awarded a prize;

salir bien/mal [examen, entrevista] to go well/badly;
[plato, dibujo] to turn out well/badly;
¿qué tal te ha salido? how did it go?;

me ha salido bien/mal [examen, entrevista] it went well/badly;
[plato, dibujo] it turned out well/badly; [cuenta] I got it right/wrong;
normalmente me sale a la primera I normally get it right first time;

a mí la paella no me sale tan bien como a ti my paella never turns out as well as yours does;

¿te salen las cuentas? do all the figures tally?;

salir ganando/perdiendo to come off well/badly

9. [en sorteo, juego] [número, nombre] to come up;

no me ha salido un as en toda la partida I haven't got o had a single ace in the whole game

10. [proceder]
salir de to come from;

el vino sale de la uva wine comes from grapes;

salió de él (lo de) regalarte unas flores it was his idea to get you the flowers

11. [surgir, brotar] [luna, estrellas] to come out;
[sol] to rise; [flores, hojas] to come out; [dientes] to come through;
le han salido varias flores al rosal the rose bush has got several flowers now;

le están saliendo canas he's getting grey hairs, he's going grey;

le están saliendo los dientes her teeth are starting to come through, she's teething;

me salen los colores con tanto cumplido all these compliments are making me blush;

le ha salido un sarpullido en la espalda her back has come out in a rash;

te está saliendo sangre you're bleeding;

me ha salido un grano en la nariz I've got a spot on my nose

12. [aparecer] [publicación, producto, modelo] to come out;
[disco] to come out, to be released; [moda, ley] to come in; [trauma, prejuicios] to come out; [tema, asunto] to come up;
una revista que sale los jueves a magazine that comes out on Thursdays;

su nuevo disco saldrá al mercado en otoño her new record comes out o will be released in the autumn;

salieron (a relucir) todos sus miedos all his fears came out;

¡qué bien sales en esta foto! you look great in this photo!;

ha salido en los periódicos/en la tele it's been in the papers/on TV;

salir de/en [en película, serie, obra de teatro] to appear as/in;

salía de extra en “Ben-Hur” he appeared as o was an extra in “Ben-Hur”;

salir en defensa de alguien to come to sb's defence

13. [presentarse, ofrecerse] [ocasión, oportunidad] to turn up, to come along;
[puesto, empleo] to come up; [problema] to arise; [contratiempo] to occur;
le ha salido una plaza de profesor en Tegucigalpa a job has come up for him as a teacher in Tegucigalpa;

Comp

a lo que salga, salga lo que salga whatever happens

14. [costar]
salimos a 20 dólares por cabeza it came to o worked out at $20 each;

¿por cuánto me saldría una moto de segunda mano? how much would a second-hand motorbike cost me o come to?;

en botella te saldrá más barata la cerveza the beer works out cheaper if you buy it bottled;

salir caro [económicamente] to be expensive;
[por las consecuencias] to be costly
15. [decir u obrar inesperadamente]
nunca se sabe por dónde va a salir you never know what she's going to come out with/do next;

el jefe sale con cada tontería… the boss comes out with some really stupid remarks;

salió con que era un incomprendido y nadie le hacía caso he claimed he was misunderstood and that no one ever took any notice of him;

¿y ahora nos sales con ésas? now you tell us!

16. [parecerse]
salir a alguien to take after sb;

eres un vago, en eso has salido a tu padre you're a layabout, just like your father

17. [en juegos] to lead;

te toca salir a ti it's your lead;

salió con un as she led with an ace;

salen blancas [en damas, ajedrez] white goes first

18. [desaparecer] to come out;

la mancha de vino no sale the wine stain won't come out

19. Informát [instrucción] to quit, to exit;

salir de un programa to quit o exit a program

20.
salir adelante [persona, empresa] to get by;
[proyecto, propuesta, ley] to be successful;
la familia lo está pasando muy mal para salir adelante the family is struggling to get by o to make ends meet

♦ See also the pronominal verb salirse

* * *

salir

v/i

1 leave, go out;

salir de (ir fuera de) leave, go out of; ( venir fuera de) leave, come out of;

salir a Avda. América come out onto Avda. América; de calle lead to Avda. América;

salir de apuros get out of difficulties;

salir corriendo run off;

salir con alguien date s.o., go out with s.o.

2 ( aparecer) appear, come out

3

:

salir a bolsa float, be floated

4 DEP en carrera start;

salir fuera de pelota go out

5 INFOR de programa quit, exit

6 ( parecerse a)

:

salir a alguien de bebé take after s.o.

7 ( resultar)

:

salir bien/mal turn out well/badly;

salió caro tb fig it worked out expensive;

salir ileso escape unharmed;

salir perdiendo end up losing;

salir a 1000 colones cost 1000 colons;

a lo que salga any old how

8

:

¡ya salió aquello! fam why did you have to bring that up?;

salir con algo fam come out with sth;

¿y ahora me sales con que no tienes dinero? and you’re telling me now that you don’t have any money?

9 ( conseguir)

:

el dibujo no me sale fam I can’t get this drawing right;

no me salió el trabajo I didn’t get the job

10

:

salir por alguien stand up for s.o.

* * *

salir {73} vi

1) : to go out, to come out, to get out

salimos todas las noches: we go out every night

su libro acaba de salir: her book just came out

2) partir: to leave, to depart

3) aparecer: to appear

salió en todos los diarios: it came out in all the papers

4) : to project, to stick out

5) : to cost, to come to

6) resultar: to turn out, to prove

7) : to come up, to occur

salga lo que salga: whatever happens

salió una oportunidad: an opportunity came up

8)

salir a : to take after, to look like, to resemble

9)

salir con : to go out with, to date

♦ See also the reflexive verb salirse

* * *

salir vb

1. (en general) to go out

Rafa ha salido Rafa has gone out

salí con mis amigos I went out with my friends

Ana sale con Miguel Ana is going out with Miguel

2. (partir) to leave [pt. & pp. left]

el tren sale a las nueve the train leaves at nine o'clock

salgo de casa a las siete I leave home at seven o'clock

salieron para Bilbao they left for Bilbao

3. (aparecer) to be

me gustaría salir por la tele I'd like to be on TV

¿por qué no sales tú en la foto? why aren't you in the photo?

4. (publicarse) to come out [pt. came; pp. come]

¿cuándo sale esa revista? when does that magazine come out?

5. (sol amanecer) to rise [pt. rose; pp. risen]

¿a qué hora sale el sol? what time does the sun rise?

6. (sol verse) to come out

el sol salió después de comer the sun came out after lunch

7. (surgir) to get

si me sale este trabajo... if I get this job...

le ha salido un diente she's got one tooth

8. (resultar) to turn out / to work out

al final, todo salió bien everything turned out all right at the end

la tortilla te ha salido perfecta your omelette has turned out perfect

salir ganando to do well out of something

salir perdiendo to lose out [pt. & pp. lost]

Spanish-English dictionary > salir
5 beber

v.

1 to drink.

beber de una fuente to drink from a fountain

Ella toma limonada She drinks lemonade.

2 to drink (alcohol).

bebí más de la cuenta I had one too many

3 to lap up (absorber) (palabras, consejos).

* * *

beber

► verbo transitivo

1 to drink

■ no quiero beber nada I don't want anything to drink

► verbo intransitivo

1 to drink

2 (emborracharse) to drink, drink heavily

■ bebe mucho he's a heavy drinker

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

beber a algo/alguien to drink to something/somebody

beber a la salud de alguien to toast somebody

beber los vientos por figurado to long for

beber por algo/alguien to drink to something/somebody

* * *

verb

to drink

- beber a sorbos
- beber a tragos
* * *

1. VT

1) [+ agua, leche, cerveza] to drink

¿qué quieres (de) beber? — what would you like to drink?

no bebe alcohol — he doesn't drink

beber algo con la lengua — to lap sth up

beber algo a sorbos — to sip sth

beber algo a tragos — to gulp sth, gulp sth down

2) frm (=absorber) to drink in

bebían las palabras del orador — they were drinking in the speaker's words

toda su filosofía la bebió de Platón — all his philosophy comes from Plato

2. VI

1) [gen] to drink

no debes beber y comer a la vez — you shouldn't eat and drink at the same time

bebió de la botella — he drank straight from the bottle

2) (=beber alcohol) to drink

-¿quieres vino? -no, gracias, no bebo — "would you like some wine?" - "no thanks, I don't drink"

su padre bebe muchísimo — his father drinks a lot, his father is a heavy drinker

si bebes, no conduzcas — don't drink and drive

- beber como un cosaco

3) (=brindar)

beber por algo/algn — to drink to sth/sb

bebimos por mi nuevo hijo — we drank to my new son
salud 3)
3.

See:

beberse

4.

SM drinking

disfruto con el buen beber — I like a (good) drink

* * *
I 1.
verbo transitivo to drink

¿quieres beber algo? — do you want something to drink?

bébelo a sorbos — sip it
2.
beber vi to drink

si bebes no conduzcas — don't drink and drive

beber a la salud de alguien — to drink somebody's o (BrE) to somebody's health

beber por alguien — to drink to somebody, toast somebody

beber por algo — to drink to something

beber de algo — to drink from something
3.
beberse v pron (enf) to drink up

nos bebimos la botella entera — we drank the whole bottle
II
masculino

a)

el buen beber y el buen comer — good food and drink

b) ( acción) drinking

* * *

= drink, sip, booze, take + a swig, swig, imbibe.

Ex. Some libraries offer users the opportunity to eat and drink, read books, periodicals and newspapers and listen to records and tapes.

Ex. People engage in a wide range of activities in libraries, from lively dialog while munching sandwiches and sipping soda, to flirting and caressing, to the more traditional activities of reading and information searching.

Ex. While he boozed, Kerry was on three athletic teams and became a notable college debater.

Ex. The media creates the image that solutions to stress can come from popping a pill or taking a swig from a bottle.

Ex. One day she indulged in her habit of swigging too much gin before going to feed the porker and after opening its pen she slumped in a heap.

Ex. In general, two drinks should be the limit when you're imbibing alcohol, whether it's wine, beer or liquor.

----

* barril con agua de beber = scuttlebutt.

* beber a la salud de Alguien = drink to + Posesivo + health.

* beber como un cosaco = drink like + a fish.

* beber mucho = drink + heavily.

* fuente para beber = scuttlebutt, drinking fountain, water fountain, bubbler.

* haber bebido demasiado = be over the limit.

* sin comerlo ni beberlo = without having anything to do with it.

* sin comérselo ni bebérselo = without having anything to do with it.

* * *
I 1.
verbo transitivo to drink

¿quieres beber algo? — do you want something to drink?

bébelo a sorbos — sip it
2.
beber vi to drink

si bebes no conduzcas — don't drink and drive

beber a la salud de alguien — to drink somebody's o (BrE) to somebody's health

beber por alguien — to drink to somebody, toast somebody

beber por algo — to drink to something

beber de algo — to drink from something
3.
beberse v pron (enf) to drink up

nos bebimos la botella entera — we drank the whole bottle
II
masculino

a)

el buen beber y el buen comer — good food and drink

b) ( acción) drinking

* * *

= drink, sip, booze, take + a swig, swig, imbibe.

Ex: Some libraries offer users the opportunity to eat and drink, read books, periodicals and newspapers and listen to records and tapes.

Ex: People engage in a wide range of activities in libraries, from lively dialog while munching sandwiches and sipping soda, to flirting and caressing, to the more traditional activities of reading and information searching.

Ex: While he boozed, Kerry was on three athletic teams and became a notable college debater.

Ex: The media creates the image that solutions to stress can come from popping a pill or taking a swig from a bottle.

Ex: One day she indulged in her habit of swigging too much gin before going to feed the porker and after opening its pen she slumped in a heap.

Ex: In general, two drinks should be the limit when you're imbibing alcohol, whether it's wine, beer or liquor.

* barril con agua de beber = scuttlebutt.

* beber a la salud de Alguien = drink to + Posesivo + health.

* beber como un cosaco = drink like + a fish.

* beber mucho = drink + heavily.

* fuente para beber = scuttlebutt, drinking fountain, water fountain, bubbler.

* haber bebido demasiado = be over the limit.

* sin comerlo ni beberlo = without having anything to do with it.

* sin comérselo ni bebérselo = without having anything to do with it.

* * *

beber¹ [E1 ]

vt

to drink

¿quieres beber algo? do you want something to drink?, do you want a drink?

bébelo a sorbos sip it

bebía sus palabras mientras hablaba ( liter); he drank in her every word ( liter)

■ beber

vi

to drink

si bebes no conduzcas don't drink and drive

últimamente le ha dado por beber recently he's taken to o started drinking

ha bebido más de la cuenta he's had one too many, he's had too much to drink

beber a la salud de algn to drink sb's health

beber POR algn to drink TO sb, toast sb

bebieron por los novios they drank to o toasted the bride and groom

beber POR algo to drink TO sth beber DE algo to drink FROM sth

bebimos del grifo we drank (straight) from the faucet ( AmE) o ( BrE) tap

■ beberse

v pron

( enf):

bébete toda la leche drink up all your milk

nos bebimos la botella entre los dos we drank the whole bottle between the two of us

se lo bebió de un trago he downed it in one o in one gulp

beber²

masculine

1 (bebida) drink

el buen beber y el buen comer good food and drink

2 (acción) drinking

* * *

Multiple Entries:
beber
beber algo
beber ( conjugate beber) verbo transitivo/intransitivo
to drink;
◊ ¿quieres beber algo? do you want something to drink?;

beber a sorbos to sip;
si bebes no conduzcas don't drink and drive;
beber a la salud de algn to drink sb's o (BrE) to sb's health;
beber por algn/algo to drink to sb/sth
beberse verbo pronominal ( enf) to drink up;
nos bebimos la botella entera we drank the whole bottle
beber verbo transitivo & verbo intransitivo to drink
(brindar) beber a/por, to drink to: beberemos a la salud de Nicolás, let's drink to Nicholas
♦ Locuciones: familiar beber a morro, to drink straight from the bottle
familiar beber como un cosaco, to drink like a fish
beber de un trago, to down something in one go

' beber' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
jarra
- moderación
- morro
- privar
- saciedad
- sorber
- tanta
- tanto
- terminar
- trasegar
- trincar
- tutiplén
- vaso
- viento
- agua
- algo
- ansia
- chupar
- demasía
- discreción
- estómago
- exceder
- exceso
- mamar
- paja
- pitillo
- repugnar
- resaca
- saciar
- ser
- tomar
English:
anything
- booze
- drink
- drink up
- give up
- gulp
- guzzle
- have
- lap
- lap up
- sip
- straw
- swig
- swill
- trough
- wash down
- drinking
- heavy
- moderation
- to
- water

* * *

beber

♦ vt

1. [líquido] to drink;

¿qué quieres beber? what would you like to drink?

2. [absorber] [palabras, consejos] to lap up;
[sabiduría, información] to draw, to acquire;
Comp

beber los vientos por alguien to be head over heels in love with sb

♦ vi

1. [tomar líquido] to drink;

beber de una fuente to drink from a fountain;
Fam
beber a morro to swig straight from the bottle;

dar de beber a alguien to give sb something to drink;

me dio de beber un poco de agua she gave me a little water to drink

2. [tomar alcohol] to drink;

no sabe beber he doesn't know his limit where alcohol's concerned;

bebí más de la cuenta I had one too many;

si bebes, no conduzcas don't drink and drive

3. [brindar]
beber a la salud de alguien to drink to sb's health;

beber por algo to drink to sth

♦ nm

drinking;

cuida mucho el beber he's very careful how much he drinks

♦ See also the pronominal verb beberse

* * *

beber

I v/i drink;

beber a o

por drink to;

beber en exceso drink too much, drink to excess;

beber en un vaso drink from a glass;

beber de la botella drink straight from the bottle

II v/t drink;

beber los vientos por alguien fig be crazy about s.o.;

beber las palabras de alguien fig hang on o

drink in s.o.’s every word

* * *

beber v

tomar: to drink

* * *

beber vb to drink [pt. drank; pp. drunk]

¿qué quieres beber? what do you want to drink?

se bebió toda la botella he drank the whole bottle

beber por... to drink to...

bebamos por los novios let's drink to the bride and groom

Spanish-English dictionary > beber
6 swing

swiŋ
1. past tense, past participle - swung; verb
1) (to (cause to) move or sway in a curve (from side to side or forwards and backwards) from a fixed point: You swing your arms when you walk; The children were swinging on a rope hanging from a tree; The door swung open; He swung the load on to his shoulder.) balancearse; girar, doblar

2) (to walk with a stride: He swung along the road.) caminar a zancadas, caminar a paso ligero

3) (to turn suddenly: He swung round and stared at them; He is hoping to swing the voters in his favour.) girar(se); cambiar

2. noun
1) (an act, period, or manner, of swinging: He was having a swing on the rope; Most golfers would like to improve their swing.) balanceo, vaivén, oscilación; (golf) swing

2) (a swinging movement: the swing of the dancers' skirts.) vaivén, balanceo, oscilación

3) (a strong dancing rhythm: The music should be played with a swing.) ritmo; (jazz) swing

4) (a change in public opinion etc: a swing away from the government.) giro, viraje, cambio

5) (a seat for swinging, hung on ropes or chains from a supporting frame etc.) columpio

•

- swinging
- swing bridge
- swing door
- be in full swing
- get into the swing of things
- get into the swing
- go with a swing

swing¹ n columpio

be careful on the swing, you might fall off cuidado en el columpio, puedes caerte

swing² vb

1. columpiarse

the boy was swinging on a rope el chico se columpiaba en una cuerda

2. mecerse / oscilar / balancearse

the door was swinging in the wind la puerta se mecía con el viento

El pasado y participio pasado de swing es swung

swing m inv
1 Mús (estilo de jazz) swing
2 fig (tensión interpretativa) ese cantante tiene mucho swing, this singer has got rhythm
3 Dep (efecto de golpear la pelota de golf) ese jugador tiene muy buen swing, this player has a good swing ' swing' also found in these entries: Spanish: balancear - balancearse - bambolearse - columpiar - columpiarse - columpio - desplazarse - mecerse - oscilar - vaivén - contonearse - hamaca - hamacar - mecer - puente English: cat - follow through - forehand - swing - swing door - swung - swinging - wave

swing

tr[swɪŋ]

noun

1 (movement) balanceo, vaivén nombre masculino; (of pendulum) oscilación nombre femenino, vaivén nombre masculino; (of hips) contoneo

2 (plaything) columpio

3 (change, shift) giro, viraje nombre masculino, cambio

4 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (in golf, boxing) swing nombre masculino

5 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL (jazz style) swing nombre masculino; (rhythm) ritmo

intransitive verb (pt & pp swung tr[swʌŋ])

1 (hanging object) balancearse, bambolearse; (pendulum) oscilar; (arms, legs) menearse; (child on swing) columpiarse; (on a pivot) mecerse

■ the lightbulb was swinging from a flex la bombilla se balanceaba de un cable

■ the gate was swinging in the wind la puerta se mecía con el viento

2 (drive) girar, doblar; (walk) caminar con energía; (jump) saltar

■ the car swung into the drive el coche dobló por el camino de entrada

■ the monkey swung from tree to tree el mono saltaba de árbol en árbol

3 (shift) cambiar, oscilar, virar

■ the electorate has swung to the right el electorado ha virado a la derecha

■ her moods swing drastically tiene muchos cambios de humor

4 (music, band) tener ritmo; (party) estar muy animado,-a

transitive verb

1 (gen) balancear, bambolear; (arms, legs) balancear; (child on swing) columpiar, balancear; (object on rope) hacer oscilar

■ she swung her bag as she walked along balanceaba la bolsa al andar

■ she swings her hips se contonea

2 (cause to move) hacer girar

■ he swung the rucksack onto his back se echó la mochila a la espalda

3 (change) cambiar

■ they are trying to swing public opinion intentan cambiar la opinión pública

4 familiar (arrange, achieve) arreglar

■ I'll see if I can swing it for you to come miraré de arreglarlo para que puedas venir

■ he managed to swing the deal logró cerrar el trato

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

in full swing en plena marcha, en pleno apogeo

it's swings and roundabouts lo que se pierde acá se gana allá

to get into the swing of something coger el ritmo de algo, cogerle el tranquillo a algo

to go with a swing ir sobre ruedas

to swing for something colgarle algo a alguien

to swing into action ponerse en marcha

to swing open/shut (door) abrirse/cerrarse (de golpe)

to swing the lead (intentar) escaquearse, poner excusas para no trabajar

to take a swing at somebody/something asestar un golpe a alguien/algo, intentar darle a alguien/algo

swing bridge puente nombre masculino giratorio

swing door puerta giratoria

swing ['swɪŋ] v, swung ['swʌŋ] ; swinging vt

1) : describir una curva con

he swung the ax at the tree: le dio al arbol con el hacha

2) : balancear (los brazos, etc.), hacer oscilar

3) suspend: colgar

swing vi

1) sway: balancearse (dícese de los brazos, etc.), oscilar (dícese de un objeto), columpiarse, mecerse (en un columpio)

2) swivel: girar (en un pivote)

the door swung shut: la puerta se cerró

3) change: virar, cambiar (dícese de las opiniones, etc.)

swing n

1) swinging: vaivén m, balanceo m

2) change, shift: viraje m, movimiento m

3) : columpio m (para niños)

4)

to take a swing at someone : intentar pegarle a alguien

swing

n.

• balanceo s.m.

• columpio s.m.

• oscilación s.f.

• vaivén s.m.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: swung) = balancear v.

• balancearse v.

• bambalear v.

• cimbrar v.

• columpiar v.

• girar v.

• hacer oscilar v.

• hamaquear v.

• mecer v.

• menear v.

• ondear v.

• remecer v.

I
1. swɪŋ
(past & past p swung) intransitive verb

1)

a) (hang, dangle) balancearse; ( on a swing) columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*; \<\<pendulum\>\> oscilar

b) ( convey oneself)

the monkeys swung from tree to tree — los monos saltaban de árbol en árbol colgados or (Col, Méx, Ven) guindados de las ramas (or de las lianas etc)

2)

a) ( move on pivot)

the door swung open/shut o to — la puerta se abrió/se cerró

the door was swinging in the wind — la puerta se mecía con el viento

b) ( turn) girar or doblar ( describiendo una curva)

the ball swung away — la pelota salió desviada

3) (shift, change) \<\<opinion/mood\>\> cambiar, oscilar

his views swing from one extreme to another — sus ideas pasan de un extremo a otro

the country is swinging to the left — el país está virando or dando un viraje hacia la izquierda

4)

a)

to swing into something — \<\<into action/operation\>\>

the emergency plans swung into operation/action — se pusieron en marcha los planes de emergencia

b) ( attempt to hit)

to swing AT somebody/something — intentar pegarle or darle a alguien/algo

5) (be lively, up to date) (colloq) \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

2.

vt

1) ( move to and fro) \<\<arms/legs\>\> balancear; \<\<object on rope\>\> hacer* oscilar

to swing one's hips — contonearse, contonear or menear las caderas

2)

a) ( convey)

he swung himself into the saddle — se montó en la silla de un salto

he swung his suitcase up onto the rack — subío la maleta al portaequipaje de un envión

b) (wave, brandish) \<\<club/hammer\>\> blandir

3)

a) (colloq) ( manage) arreglar

if you want that job, I think I can swing it — si quieres ese puesto, creo que puedo arreglarlo

b) ( shift)

this could swing the vote our way — esto podría inclinar la votación a nuestro favor

he managed to swing public opinion behind him — logró poner a la opinión pública de su lado

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- swing around

II

noun

1)

a) c u ( movement) oscilación f, vaivén m

b) c ( distance) arco que describe un objeto que oscila

c) c (blow, stroke) golpe m; (in golf, boxing) swing m

to take a swing at somebody/something — intentar darle a alguien/algo (con un palo, una raqueta etc)

2) c

a) ( shift) cambio m

a swing in public opinion — un cambio or un viraje en la opinión pública

a swing back to traditional values — una vuelta a los valores tradicionales

the swings of the market — ( Fin) las fluctuaciones del mercado

b) ( Pol) viraje m

a swing to the Democrats of 4% — un viraje del 4% en favor de los demócratas

3)

a) u c (rhythm, vitality)

there was a swing in her step — andaba con brío

to be in full swing — estar* en pleno desarrollo

the party was in full swing — la fiesta estaba ya muy animada

exams are in full swing — estamos (or están etc) en plena época de exámenes

to get into the swing of something — agarrarle el ritmo or (Esp) cogerle* el tranquillo a algo

to go with a swing — \<\<business/conference\>\> marchar sobre ruedas; \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

b) u ( Mus) swing m

4) c ( Leisure) columpio m or (RPl) hamaca f

to have a swing — columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*

it's a question of swings and roundabouts — (BrE) lo que se pierde en una cosa se gana en la otra

[swɪŋ] (vb: pt, pp swung)
1. N

1) (=movement) [of needle, pointer, boom] movimiento m ; [of pick, axe] movimiento m (amplio); [of pendulum] oscilación f, movimiento m ; (Boxing, Cricket, Golf) (=technique) swing m

with a quick swing of his axe he felled the young tree — con un amplio y rápido movimiento del hacha taló el arbolito

he was out on the course practising his swing — estaba en el campo de golf practicando su swing

• to take a swing at sb * — (with fist) intentar darle un puñetazo a algn; (with weapon) intentar darle un golpe a algn

the golfer took a swing at the ball — el golfista intentó darle a la pelota

2) (=change) (in opinion) cambio m ; (in vote) desplazamiento m

• a sudden swing in opinion — un cambio repentino de opinión

• they need a swing of 5% to win — necesitan un desplazamiento de los votos de un 5% para ganar

the swings of the market — las fluctuaciones del mercado

• a swing to the left — un viraje or desplazamiento hacia la izquierda

3) (=rhythm) (in dance etc) ritmo m

to walk with a swing (in one's step) — andar rítmicamente

music/poetry with a swing to it or that goes with a swing — música/poesía con ritmo or que tiene ritmo

- go with a swing

- be in full swing

- get into the swing of things

4) (also: swing music) swing m, música f swing

5) (=scope, freedom)

• he was given full swing to make decisions — le dieron carta blanca para que tomara decisiones

he gave his imagination full swing — dio rienda suelta a su imaginación

6) (=garden swing) columpio m

• to have a swing — columpiarse

- it's swings and roundabouts

2. VI

1) (=move to and fro) [hanging object, hammock] balancearse; [pendulum, pointer] oscilar; [person] (on swing, hammock) columpiarse

it swings in the wind — se balancea al viento

he was sitting on the end of the table, his legs swinging — estaba sentado en el borde de la mesa, columpiando las piernas

• her handbag swung back and forth or to and fro as she walked — su bolso se balanceaba (de un lado al otro) al andar

the pendulum swung back and forth or to and fro — el péndulo oscilaba or se movía de un lado para otro

• a revolver swung from his belt — un revólver colgaba de su cinturón

he was swinging from a trapeze — se columpiaba colgado de un trapecio

2) (=pivot) girar

the door swings on its hinges — la puerta gira sobre sus goznes

• he was hit by the car door as it swung back — la puerta del coche le golpeó al volver a cerrarse

• to swing open/ shut — abrirse/cerrarse

• the bar swung round and hit him in the jaw — la barra giró y le dio en la mandíbula

- now the pendulum has swung back the other way

3)

• to swing at sb (with one's fist) — intentar dar un puñetazo a algn

he swung at me with an axe — intentó darme (un golpe) con un hacha

he swung at the ball — intentó dar a la pelota

4) (=turn)

• the car swung into the square — el coche viró or dio un viraje y entró en la plaza

he swung out to overtake — viró or dio un viraje para adelantar
swing round
5) (=jump)

• he swung across the river on a rope — cruzó el río colgado de una cuerda

• I swung down from my bunk — salté de mi litera

• the orang-utang swung from tree to tree — el orangután se columpiaba de árbol en árbol

- swing into action

6) (=move rhythmically)

a group of schoolchildren were swinging along up the road — un grupo de colegiales subían por la calle, andando al compás

as the military band went swinging along up the road... — a medida que la banda militar marchaba siguiendo el compás calle arriba...

music that really swings — música que tiene mucho ritmo

7) * (=be hanged)

he'll swing for it — le colgarán por eso

8) (=change)

• local opinion could swing against the company — la opinión local podría cambiar y ponerse en contra de la empresa

• the balance of power is swinging away from him — la balanza del poder se está inclinando hacia el lado contrario al suyo

• the currency should swing back to its previous level — es de esperar que las divisas vuelvan a su nivel anterior

• to swing to the left/right — dar un viraje hacia la izquierda or derecha

9) (Psych) [mood] cambiar

his mood swings wildly — le cambia el humor de forma descontrolada

10) * (=be lively) [entertainment, party] ambientarse; [place] tener ambiente

the party's beginning to swing — la fiesta está empezando a ambientarse

11) ** (sexually)

everyone seemed to be swinging in those days — en aquellos tiempos parecía que a todo el mundo le iba la marcha **

- swing both ways

3. VT

1) (=move to and fro) [+ bag, arms, legs] columpiar, balancear

• he was swinging his bag back and forth or to and fro — columpiaba or balanceaba la bolsa de un lado al otro

• to swing one's hips — andar contoneándose

- there isn't enough room in here to swing a cat

- swing the lead

2) (=pivot) [+ door]

he swung the door open/closed — abrió/cerró la puerta de un golpe

3) (=move)

a) [+ weapon] blandir

• he swung his sword above his head — blandió la espada por encima de la cabeza

• he swung his axe at the tree — blandió el hacha con intención de darle al árbol

he swung his racket at the ball — intentó darle a la pelota con la raqueta

• he swung his case down from the rack — bajó su maleta de la rejilla portaequipajes con un rápido movimiento del brazo

• Roy swung his legs off the couch — Roy quitó rápidamente las piernas del sofá

• he swung the box up onto the roof of the car — con un amplio movimiento de brazos, puso la caja en el techo del coche

he swung the case up onto his shoulder — se echó la maleta a los hombros

b) (reflexive)

• he swung himself across the stream — cruzó el arroyo de un salto

• to swing o.s. (up) into the saddle — subirse a la silla de montar de un salto

• he swung himself over the wall — saltó la tapia apoyándose en un brazo

4) (=turn)

• he swung the car off the road — viró con el coche y se salió de la carretera

5) (=influence) [+ opinion, decision, vote, voters] decidir; [+ outcome] determinar, decidir

• his speech swung the decision against us — su discurso dio un giro a la decisión desfavorable para nosotros

• the promised tax cuts could swing the vote in our favour — los recortes prometidos en los impuestos podrían hacer cambiar el voto a nuestro favor

• she managed to swing it so that we could all go — consiguió arreglarlo para que todos pudiéramos ir

what swung it for me was... — lo que me decidió fue...

• it could swing the election his way — podría decidir el resultado de las elecciones a su favor

6) (Mus) [+ tune] tocar con swing

4.

CPD

swing band N — (Mus) banda f de música swing

swing bin N — cubo m de la basura (con tapa oscilante)

swing bridge N — puente m giratorio

swing door N — puerta f de batiente, puerta f de vaivén

swing music N — música f swing

swing vote N — (esp US) voto m de los indecisos

swing voter N — (esp US) indeciso(-a) m / f

- swing by

- swing round

- swing to

* * *

I
1. [swɪŋ]
(past & past p swung) intransitive verb

1)

a) (hang, dangle) balancearse; ( on a swing) columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*; \<\<pendulum\>\> oscilar

b) ( convey oneself)

the monkeys swung from tree to tree — los monos saltaban de árbol en árbol colgados or (Col, Méx, Ven) guindados de las ramas (or de las lianas etc)

2)

a) ( move on pivot)

the door swung open/shut o to — la puerta se abrió/se cerró

the door was swinging in the wind — la puerta se mecía con el viento

b) ( turn) girar or doblar ( describiendo una curva)

the ball swung away — la pelota salió desviada

3) (shift, change) \<\<opinion/mood\>\> cambiar, oscilar

his views swing from one extreme to another — sus ideas pasan de un extremo a otro

the country is swinging to the left — el país está virando or dando un viraje hacia la izquierda

4)

a)

to swing into something — \<\<into action/operation\>\>

the emergency plans swung into operation/action — se pusieron en marcha los planes de emergencia

b) ( attempt to hit)

to swing AT somebody/something — intentar pegarle or darle a alguien/algo

5) (be lively, up to date) (colloq) \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

2.

vt

1) ( move to and fro) \<\<arms/legs\>\> balancear; \<\<object on rope\>\> hacer* oscilar

to swing one's hips — contonearse, contonear or menear las caderas

2)

a) ( convey)

he swung himself into the saddle — se montó en la silla de un salto

he swung his suitcase up onto the rack — subío la maleta al portaequipaje de un envión

b) (wave, brandish) \<\<club/hammer\>\> blandir

3)

a) (colloq) ( manage) arreglar

if you want that job, I think I can swing it — si quieres ese puesto, creo que puedo arreglarlo

b) ( shift)

this could swing the vote our way — esto podría inclinar la votación a nuestro favor

he managed to swing public opinion behind him — logró poner a la opinión pública de su lado

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- swing around

II

noun

1)

a) c u ( movement) oscilación f, vaivén m

b) c ( distance) arco que describe un objeto que oscila

c) c (blow, stroke) golpe m; (in golf, boxing) swing m

to take a swing at somebody/something — intentar darle a alguien/algo (con un palo, una raqueta etc)

2) c

a) ( shift) cambio m

a swing in public opinion — un cambio or un viraje en la opinión pública

a swing back to traditional values — una vuelta a los valores tradicionales

the swings of the market — ( Fin) las fluctuaciones del mercado

b) ( Pol) viraje m

a swing to the Democrats of 4% — un viraje del 4% en favor de los demócratas

3)

a) u c (rhythm, vitality)

there was a swing in her step — andaba con brío

to be in full swing — estar* en pleno desarrollo

the party was in full swing — la fiesta estaba ya muy animada

exams are in full swing — estamos (or están etc) en plena época de exámenes

to get into the swing of something — agarrarle el ritmo or (Esp) cogerle* el tranquillo a algo

to go with a swing — \<\<business/conference\>\> marchar sobre ruedas; \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

b) u ( Mus) swing m

4) c ( Leisure) columpio m or (RPl) hamaca f

to have a swing — columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*

it's a question of swings and roundabouts — (BrE) lo que se pierde en una cosa se gana en la otra

English-spanish dictionary > swing
7 estilo

m.

1 style.

esta iglesia es de estilo gótico that church was built in the Gothic style

al estilo de in the style of

2 style.

esa chica tiene mucho estilo that girl has a lot of style

cada uno tiene un estilo de hacer las cosas we all have our own way of doing things

estilo de vida lifestyle

3 stroke.

estilo libre freestyle

4 tendency, style.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: estilar.

* * *

estilo

► nombre masculino

1 (gen) style

2 (modo) manner, fashion

3 GRAMÁTICA speech

4 (natación) stroke

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

al estilo de... in the style of...

algo por el estilo something like that

estilo de vida way of life

estilo braza breaststroke

estilo directo LINGÚÍSTICA direct speech

estilo indirecto LINGÚÍSTICA indirect speech

estilo libre freestyle

estilo mariposa butterfly

* * *

noun m.

1) style

2) fashion, manner

* * *

SM

1) (=manera) style

el estilo del escritor — the writer's style

un comedor estilo Luis XV — a dining-room suite in Louis XV style

un estilo inconfundible de andar — an unmistakeable way of walking

al estilo antiguo — in the old style

un mosaico al estilo de los que se hacían en Roma — a mosaic in the style of those made in Rome

por el estilo —

algo por el estilo — something of the sort o kind, something along those lines

no tenemos nada por el estilo — we have nothing in that line

los banqueros y gentes por el estilo — bankers and people like that

estilo de vida — way of life

no me gusta su estilo de vida — I don't like his way of life o his lifestyle

el estilo de vida británico — the British way of life

un estilo de vida similar al nuestro — a similar lifestyle to ours

estilo directo — (Ling) direct speech

estilo indirecto — (Ling) indirect speech, reported speech

2) (=elegancia) style

una chica con estilo — a stylish girl

tiene mucho estilo vistiendo — he dresses very stylishly

3) (Natación) stroke

estilos — medley

los 400m estilos — the 400m medley

estilo braza — breast stroke

estilo libre — freestyle

estilo mariposa — butterfly stroke

4) (=punzón) [para escribir] stylus; [de reloj de sol] gnomon, needle

5) (Bot) style

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (Art) style

estilo barroco — baroque style

b) (manera, tipo) style

ropa de estilo deportivo — casual wear

hecho al estilo de mi tierra — done the way they do it back home

por el estilo: no es que me desagrade ni nada por el estilo it isn't that I don't like him or anything (like that); y otras cosas por el estilo and other things of that sort o kind; dijo eso o algo por el estilo he said that or words to that effect; son todos por el estilo — they are all the same

c) ( calidad distintiva) style

se viste con mucho estilo — he dresses very stylishly

- estilo de vida

- estilo directo

- estilo indirecto

2) ( en natación) stroke, style

los 200 metros estilos — the 200 meter medley

- estilo libre

- estilo mariposa

- estilo pecho or braza

3) (Bot) style

4) ( punzón) stylus

* * *

= form, delivery, hand, idiom, writing style, style, panache.

Ex. It is under the chosen form of heading that the catalogue entry for a particular document is filed and hence located.

Ex. Just as delivery must be tuned to suit the kind of material chosen, so must the language used to tell a story.

Ex. The Aldine greek was based on a much admired humanistic cursive hand which relied for its good looks on a multiplicity of alternative letters, ligatures, and contractions.

Ex. Using a popular idiom, we might inquire, 'Is this the real McCoy'?.

Ex. Above all the journal wishes to provide research and comment in a form that is easily and quickly understood: a fresh, rigorous, but unfussy, writing style is what is aimed for.

Ex. The dialogue style is well-suited to occasional and novice users but can be slow.

Ex. It is a richly documented, smoothly narrated, and lavishly illustrated study by a historian who knows his stuff and tells it with panache.

----

* al estilo de = a la, along the lines, in the mould of.

* al estilo de los índices de materia = subject-type.

* al estilo de + Nombre = in a + Nombre + sort of way.

* al estilo militar = military-style.

* con estilo = stylish.

* corrector de estilo = style checker, copy editor, subeditor.

* del estilo de los directorios = directory-type.

* error de estilo = stylistic error.

* esquí estilo libre = freestyle skiing.

* estilo abstracto = abstract style.

* estilo ampuloso = turgid style, plethoric style.

* estilo arquitectónico = architectural style.

* estilo artístico = artistic style.

* estilo barato = kitsch.

* estilo bibliotecario = library chic.

* estilo de aprendizaje = learning style.

* estilo de gestión = managerial style, management style.

* estilo de la casa = house style.

* estilo de pelo = hairstyle.

* estilo de resumir = abstracting style.

* estilo de vida = lifestyle [life style/life-style], style of life, way of life.

* estilo de vida alternativo = alternative life-style.

* estilo directo = direct speech, direct discourse.

* estilo esloveno = Slovenica.

* estilo gótico = Gothic style.

* estilo indirecto = indirect speech, indirect discourse.

* estilo libre = freestyle.

* estilo literario = literary style, writing style.

* estilo periodístico = journalese.

* estilo personal = individual style, persona [personae, -pl.].

* estilo pobre = impoverished style.

* estilo rústico = rustic style.

* estilo telegráfico = telegraphese.

* estilo tipográfico = typographical style.

* estilo tradicional = traditional style.

* freír al estilo chino = stir-fry.

* frito al estilo chino = stir-fry.

* guía de estilo = style guideline.

* hoja de estilo = style sheet.

* índices de títulos al estilo de los índices de materia = subject-type title indexes.

* manual de estilo = style manual, style guideline.

* Manual de Estilo de Chicago = Chicago Manual of Style.

* Manual de Estilo de la MLA, el = MLA Style Manual, the.

* sin estilo = dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (Art) style

estilo barroco — baroque style

b) (manera, tipo) style

ropa de estilo deportivo — casual wear

hecho al estilo de mi tierra — done the way they do it back home

por el estilo: no es que me desagrade ni nada por el estilo it isn't that I don't like him or anything (like that); y otras cosas por el estilo and other things of that sort o kind; dijo eso o algo por el estilo he said that or words to that effect; son todos por el estilo — they are all the same

c) ( calidad distintiva) style

se viste con mucho estilo — he dresses very stylishly

- estilo de vida

- estilo directo

- estilo indirecto

2) ( en natación) stroke, style

los 200 metros estilos — the 200 meter medley

- estilo libre

- estilo mariposa

- estilo pecho or braza

3) (Bot) style

4) ( punzón) stylus

* * *

= form, delivery, hand, idiom, writing style, style, panache.

Ex: It is under the chosen form of heading that the catalogue entry for a particular document is filed and hence located.

Ex: Just as delivery must be tuned to suit the kind of material chosen, so must the language used to tell a story.

Ex: The Aldine greek was based on a much admired humanistic cursive hand which relied for its good looks on a multiplicity of alternative letters, ligatures, and contractions.

Ex: Using a popular idiom, we might inquire, 'Is this the real McCoy'?.

Ex: Above all the journal wishes to provide research and comment in a form that is easily and quickly understood: a fresh, rigorous, but unfussy, writing style is what is aimed for.

Ex: The dialogue style is well-suited to occasional and novice users but can be slow.

Ex: It is a richly documented, smoothly narrated, and lavishly illustrated study by a historian who knows his stuff and tells it with panache.

* al estilo de = a la, along the lines, in the mould of.

* al estilo de los índices de materia = subject-type.

* al estilo de + Nombre = in a + Nombre + sort of way.

* al estilo militar = military-style.

* con estilo = stylish.

* corrector de estilo = style checker, copy editor, subeditor.

* del estilo de los directorios = directory-type.

* error de estilo = stylistic error.

* esquí estilo libre = freestyle skiing.

* estilo abstracto = abstract style.

* estilo ampuloso = turgid style, plethoric style.

* estilo arquitectónico = architectural style.

* estilo artístico = artistic style.

* estilo barato = kitsch.

* estilo bibliotecario = library chic.

* estilo de aprendizaje = learning style.

* estilo de gestión = managerial style, management style.

* estilo de la casa = house style.

* estilo de pelo = hairstyle.

* estilo de resumir = abstracting style.

* estilo de vida = lifestyle [life style/life-style], style of life, way of life.

* estilo de vida alternativo = alternative life-style.

* estilo directo = direct speech, direct discourse.

* estilo esloveno = Slovenica.

* estilo gótico = Gothic style.

* estilo indirecto = indirect speech, indirect discourse.

* estilo libre = freestyle.

* estilo literario = literary style, writing style.

* estilo periodístico = journalese.

* estilo personal = individual style, persona [personae, -pl.].

* estilo pobre = impoverished style.

* estilo rústico = rustic style.

* estilo telegráfico = telegraphese.

* estilo tipográfico = typographical style.

* estilo tradicional = traditional style.

* freír al estilo chino = stir-fry.

* frito al estilo chino = stir-fry.

* guía de estilo = style guideline.

* hoja de estilo = style sheet.

* índices de títulos al estilo de los índices de materia = subject-type title indexes.

* manual de estilo = style manual, style guideline.

* Manual de Estilo de Chicago = Chicago Manual of Style.

* Manual de Estilo de la MLA, el = MLA Style Manual, the.

* sin estilo = dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].

* * *

estilo

masculine

A

1 ( Art) style

estilo barroco baroque style

muebles estilo Luis XVI Luis XVI furniture

2 (manera, tipo) style

ropa de estilo deportivo casual wear

ese estilo de abrigo that kind o type o style of overcoat

enaguas al estilo de nuestras abuelas petticoats like our grandmothers used to wear

está hecho al estilo de mi tierra it's done the way they do it back home

por el estilo: no es que me desagrade ni nada por el estilo it isn't that I don't like him or anything (like that)

creo que dijo eso o algo por el estilo I think he said that or words to that effect o something like it

y sus amigos son todos por el estilo and all his friends are the same

3 (calidad distintiva) style

se viste con mucho estilo he dresses with great style o very stylishly

Compuestos:

● estilo de vida

way of life, lifestyle

● estilo directo

direct speech

● estilo indirecto

indirect o reported speech

B (en natación) stroke, style

los 200 metros estilos the 200 meter medley

Compuestos:

● estilo braza

( Esp) breaststroke

● estilo libre

freestyle

● estilo mariposa or ( Méx) de mariposa

butterfly, butterfly stroke

● estilo pecho or ( Méx) de pecho

breaststroke

C ( Bot) style

D

1 (punzón) stylus

2 (de un reloj de sol) gnomon

* * *

Del verbo estilar: ( conjugate estilar)

estilo es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

estiló es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
estilar
estilo
estilar ( conjugate estilar) verbo intransitivo (Chi) ( gotear) to drip;
( escurrir) to drain
estilarse verbo pronominal [moda/peinado] to be fashionable
estilo sustantivo masculino
a) ( en general) style;

◊ estilo barroco baroque style;

estilo de vida way of life, lifestyle;
ropa estilo deportivo casual wear;
vestir con estilo to dress stylishly;
al estilo de mi tierra the way they do it back home;
por el estilo: son todos por el estilo they are all the same;
algo por el estilo something like that
b) ( en natación) stroke, style;

◊ estilo libre freestyle;

estilo mariposa butterfly;
estilo pecho or (Esp) braza breaststroke
estilo sustantivo masculino
1 Arte style
estilo imperio, empire style
2 (modo) manner, style: éste no es mi estilo de actuar, this isn't my way of doing things
3 (elegancia) es una mujer con mucho estilo she's a very stylish woman
4 Natación stroke
estilo mariposa, butterfly (stroke)
5 Ling estilo directo/indirecto, direct/indirect speech
♦ Locuciones: algo por el estilo, something like that
' estilo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- academicismo
- adusta
- adusto
- ancha
- ancho
- categoría
- clase
- corte
- cresta
- depurar
- despersonalizada
- despersonalizado
- despreocupada
- despreocupado
- formalismo
- grandilocuente
- imprimir
- indirecta
- indirecto
- informal
- lindeza
- llana
- llano
- mano
- novedosa
- novedoso
- punzante
- recrear
- retorcida
- retorcido
- sabor
- sentar
- suelta
- suelto
- swing
- trabajar
- vanguardia
- vanguardismo
- a
- académico
- ágil
- agilidad
- armonizar
- asequible
- austero
- barroco
- castizo
- clásico
- crawl
English:
awaken
- backstroke
- bite
- collarless
- compact
- conventional
- dash
- elaborate
- exemplify
- fashion
- flair
- florid
- flowing
- fluid
- free-style
- goulash
- gracious
- idiom
- individual
- kind
- laboured
- lifestyle
- literary
- mode
- old-style
- panache
- polish
- polished
- precious
- purple
- reported
- restrained
- severe
- severity
- speech
- stilted
- style
- stylish
- suchlike
- sugary
- tame
- to
- tone
- vein
- back
- brand
- breast
- butter
- design
- direct

* * *

estilo nm

1. [artístico, literario] style;

esta iglesia es de estilo gótico this church was built in the Gothic style;

al estilo de in the style of;

al estilo de Mozart in the style of Mozart

Comp
estilo imperio Empire style
2. [manera, carácter] style;

cada uno tiene un estilo de hacer las cosas we all have our own way of doing things;

este vestido no es de su estilo that dress isn't her style;

mentiría, pero no es mi estilo I would tell a lie, but that's not my style o that's not me;

el estilo de juego brasileño the Brazilian style of play;

un estilo de hablar pausado a slow and deliberate way of speaking;

un peinado estilo años veinte a twenties-style hairdo;

al estilo de: se visten al estilo de los años sesenta they wear sixties-style clothes;

al estilo de lo que se hacía antes en los pueblos in the way things used to be done in villages;

Comp

por el estilo: dijo algo por el estilo she said something of the sort;

se apellida Garcés o algo por el estilo his surname's Garcés or something like that;

nos llevará tres horas o algo por el estilo it'll take us something like three hours;

ser por el estilo to be similar;

todos los bares son por el estilo all the bars are similar o like that

Comp
estilo de vida lifestyle
3. [clase, elegancia] style;

esa chica tiene mucho estilo that girl has a lot of style

4. [en natación] stroke;

estilos medley;

los 400 metros estilos the 400 metres medley

Comp
estilo libre freestyle
5. Gram estilo directo direct speech;

estilo indirecto indirect speech

6. Bot style

7. [punzón] stylus, style

8. [de reloj de sol] gnomon

* * *

estilo

m style;

al estilo de in the style of;

algo por el estilo something like that;

son todos por el estilo they’re all the same

* * *

estilo nm

1) : style

2) : fashion, manner

3) : stylus

* * *

estilo n (en general) style

no me gusta el estilo de ese escritor I don't like that writer's style

estilo de vida lifestyle

o algo por el estilo or something like that

estilo braza breaststroke

estilo espalda backstroke

estilo directo direct speech

estilo indirecto reported speech

Spanish-English dictionary > estilo
8 tratar

v.

1 to treat (comportarse con) (persona, objeto).

¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?

El médico trata al paciente The doctor treats=cures the patient.

2 to have dealings or contact with.

la traté muy poco I didn't have much to do with her

3 to treat (tema, asunto).

eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss

4 to treat.

5 to treat (agua, sustancia, alimento).

6 to process (computing) (datos, información).

Ellos tratan el cuero They process the leather.

7 to deal.

Las empresas trataron The companies made a deal.

8 to try, to make a trial, to attempt it, to attempt.

Ella trató por mucho tiempo She tried for a long time.

9 to handle, to maneuver, to manoeuvre.

Ellos tratan sus pensamientos They handle their thoughts.

* * *

tratar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen - objeto) to treat, handle; (- persona) to treat

■ trató la caja con cuidado she handled the box with care

■ nos trató bien he treated us well

2 (asunto, tema) to discuss, deal with

3 (gestionar) to handle, run

4 (dar tratamiento) to address as

5 (calificar, considerar) to consider, call

■ lo trató de idiota she called him an idiot

6 MEDICINA to treat

7 (datos, texto) to process

8 QUÍMICA to treat

► verbo intransitivo

1 (relacionarse) to be acquainted ( con, with), know ( con, -)

2 (tener tratos) to deal ( con, with)

3 (negociar) to negotiate ( con, with)

4 (intentar) to try (de, to)

■ trata de hacerlo try to do it

5 (versar) to be about

■ trata de/sobre espías it's about spies

6 COMERCIO to deal (en, in)

■ trata en pieles he deals in furs

► verbo pronominal tratarse

1 (relacionarse) to talk to each other, be on speaking terms

■ no se tratan they're not on speaking terms

2 (llamarse) to address each other as, call each other

3 (referirse) to be about

■ se trataba de un atraco it was about a robbery

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

se trata de... it's a question of..., it's a matter of...

■ se trata de averiguar cómo lo hicieron it's a question of working out how they did it

* * *

verb

1) to treat

2) handle

•

- tratar con
- tratar de
* * *

1. VT

1) [+ persona, animal, objeto] to treat

su novio la trata muy mal — her boyfriend treats her very badly

hay que tratar a los animales con cariño — animals should be given plenty of affection, animals should be treated lovingly

te dejo la cámara, pero trátala bien — I'll let you have the camera, but be careful with it o treat it carefully

la vida la ha tratado muy bien — life has been very kind to her, life has treated her very well

este asunto debe ser tratado con cuidado — this matter should be handled carefully

• tratar a algn de loco — to treat sb like a madman

- tratar a algn a patadas

2) (=llamar)

¿cómo le tenemos que tratar cuando nos hable? — how should we address him when he speaks to us?

• tratar a algn de algo — to call sb sth

tratar a algn de vago — to call sb a layabout

tratar a algn de tú/usted — to address sb as "tú"/"usted"

3) (=relacionarse con)

tratar a algn: ya no lo trato — I no longer have any dealings with him

lo trato solo desde hace seis meses — I have only known him for six months

me cae bien, pero no la he tratado mucho — I like her, but I haven't had a lot to do with her

4) (Med) [+ paciente, enfermedad] to treat

me están tratando con un nuevo fármaco — I'm being treated with a new drug

le trataron la neumonía con antibióticos — they treated the pneumonia with antibiotics

¿qué médico te está tratando? — which doctor is giving you treatment?

5) [+ tejido, madera, residuos] to treat

el agua se ha tratado con cloro — the water has been treated with chlorine

6) (=discutir) [+ tema] to deal with; [+ acuerdo, paz] to negotiate

trataremos este tema en la reunión — we'll deal with this subject in the meeting

este asunto tiene que tratarlo directamente con el director — you'll have to speak directly with the manager about this matter

7) (Inform) to process

2. VI

1)

• tratar de — [libro] to be about, deal with; [personas] to talk about, discuss

la película trata de un adolescente en Nueva York — the film is about a teenager in New York

ahora van a tratar del programa — they're going to talk about o discuss the programme now

2) (=intentar)

• tratar de hacer algo — to try to do sth

trataré de llegar pronto — I'll try to arrive early

trata de no ser demasiado estricto con él — try not to be too strict with him

• tratar de que, trataré de que esta sea la última vez — I'll try to make sure that this is the last time

trata por todos los medios de que el trabajo esté acabado para mañana — try and do whatever you can to make sure that the job is done by tomorrow

3) (=relacionarse)

• tratar con algn, trato con todo tipo de gente — I deal with all sorts of people

no tratamos con traidores — we don't have dealings with traitors

no había tratado con personas de esa clase — I had not previously come into contact with people like that

para tratar con animales hay que tener mucha paciencia — you have to be very patient when dealing with animals

es muy difícil tratar con el enemigo — it is not at all easy to have dealings with the enemy

4) (Com)

• tratar con o en algo — to deal in sth

trataban con o en pieles — they dealt in furs, they were involved in the fur trade

3.

See:

tratarse

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1) ( intentar) to try

tratar de + inf — to try to + inf

traten de no llegar tarde — try not to be late

tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again

2) obra/libro/película

tratar de algo — to be about something

¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?

tratar sobre algo — to deal with something

la conferencia tratará sobre medicina alternativa — the lecture will deal with alternative medicine

3) (tener contacto, relaciones)

tratar con alguien — to deal with somebody

tratar con él no es nada fácil — he's not at all easy to get on with

4) (Com)

tratar en algo — to deal in something
2.
tratar vt

1)

a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treat

me tratan muy bien — they treat me very well

trata la guitarra con más cuidado — be more careful with the guitar

b) ( llamar)

tratar a alguien de algo — to call somebody something

tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form

2) ( frecuentar)

lo trataba cuando era joven — I saw quite a lot of him when I was young

lo traté un par de veces — I met him a couple of times

nunca lo he tratado — I have never actually spoken to him

3) <tema/asunto> to deal with

no podemos tratarlo delante de ellos — we can't discuss this in front of them

4)

a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treat

b) <sustancia/metal> to treat
3.
tratarse v pron

1)

a)

tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody

b) (recípr)

somos parientes pero no nos tratamos — we're related but we are not in contact with each other

2) (+ compl)

a) (recípr)

se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'

se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other

b) (refl) ( cuidarse)

tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself

3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment

4) tratarse de (en 3^a pers)

a) ( ser acerca de) to be about

¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?

b) ( ser cuestión de)

se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing

si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...

sólo porque se trata de ti — just because it's you

* * *

= address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.

Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.

Ex. The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.

Ex. The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.

Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.

Ex. The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.

Ex. This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.

Ex. In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.

Ex. 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.

Ex. Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.

Ex. An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.

Ex. Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.

Ex. Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.

Ex. In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.

Ex. We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.

Ex. Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.

Ex. Equally serious, authors are often too close to the paper to give it an objective treatment.

Ex. In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.

Ex. Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.

Ex. The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.

Ex. The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.

Ex. There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.

----

* aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.

* atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.

* como si (se tratase de) = as if.

* continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.

* cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.

* de qué se trata = what it's all about.

* difícil de tratar = unruly.

* empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.

* manera de tratar = avenue of approach.

* no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.

* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.

* que trata de = surrounding.

* seguir tratando = discuss + further.

* sin tratar = untreated.

* temer tratar = fear to + tread.

* tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.

* tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.

* tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.

* tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.

* tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.

* tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.

* tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.

* tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.

* tratar como un objeto = objectify.

* tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].

* tratar (con) = negotiate (with).

* tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.

* tratar con cloro = chlorinate.

* tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.

* tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.

* tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.

* tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.

* tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.

* tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.

* tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.

* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.

* tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.

* tratar de ligar = chat up.

* tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.

* tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.

* tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.

* tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.

* tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].

* tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.

* tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.

* tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.

* tratar específicamente = target.

* tratar información = handle + information.

* tratar injustamente = malign.

* tratar justamente = treat + fairly.

* tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.

* tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.

* tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.

* tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.

* tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.

* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.

* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.

* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.

* tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.

* tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.

* tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.

* tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.

* tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.

* tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.

* tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.

* tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.

* tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.

* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.

* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.

* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.

* volver a tratar = revisit.

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1) ( intentar) to try

tratar de + inf — to try to + inf

traten de no llegar tarde — try not to be late

tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again

2) obra/libro/película

tratar de algo — to be about something

¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?

tratar sobre algo — to deal with something

la conferencia tratará sobre medicina alternativa — the lecture will deal with alternative medicine

3) (tener contacto, relaciones)

tratar con alguien — to deal with somebody

tratar con él no es nada fácil — he's not at all easy to get on with

4) (Com)

tratar en algo — to deal in something
2.
tratar vt

1)

a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treat

me tratan muy bien — they treat me very well

trata la guitarra con más cuidado — be more careful with the guitar

b) ( llamar)

tratar a alguien de algo — to call somebody something

tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form

2) ( frecuentar)

lo trataba cuando era joven — I saw quite a lot of him when I was young

lo traté un par de veces — I met him a couple of times

nunca lo he tratado — I have never actually spoken to him

3) <tema/asunto> to deal with

no podemos tratarlo delante de ellos — we can't discuss this in front of them

4)

a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treat

b) <sustancia/metal> to treat
3.
tratarse v pron

1)

a)

tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody

b) (recípr)

somos parientes pero no nos tratamos — we're related but we are not in contact with each other

2) (+ compl)

a) (recípr)

se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'

se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other

b) (refl) ( cuidarse)

tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself

3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment

4) tratarse de (en 3^a pers)

a) ( ser acerca de) to be about

¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?

b) ( ser cuestión de)

se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing

si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...

sólo porque se trata de ti — just because it's you

* * *

tratar (con)

(v.) = negotiate (with)

Ex: Their purposes was to settle the disputes between the members, to negotiate with master, to accumulate and disburse a benevolent fund, and to exact contributions for drinks and parties.

= address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.

Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.

Ex: The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.

Ex: The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.

Ex: A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.

Ex: The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.

Ex: This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.

Ex: In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.

Ex: 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.

Ex: Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.

Ex: An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.

Ex: Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.

Ex: Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.

Ex: In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.

Ex: We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.

Ex: Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.

Ex: Equally serious, authors are often too close to the paper to give it an objective treatment.

Ex: In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.

Ex: Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.

Ex: The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.

Ex: The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.

Ex: There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.

* aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.

* atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.

* como si (se tratase de) = as if.

* continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.

* cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.

* de qué se trata = what it's all about.

* difícil de tratar = unruly.

* empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.

* manera de tratar = avenue of approach.

* no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.

* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.

* que trata de = surrounding.

* seguir tratando = discuss + further.

* sin tratar = untreated.

* temer tratar = fear to + tread.

* tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.

* tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.

* tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.

* tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.

* tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.

* tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.

* tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.

* tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.

* tratar como un objeto = objectify.

* tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].

* tratar (con) = negotiate (with).

* tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.

* tratar con cloro = chlorinate.

* tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.

* tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.

* tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.

* tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.

* tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.

* tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.

* tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.

* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.

* tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.

* tratar de ligar = chat up.

* tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.

* tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.

* tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.

* tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.

* tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].

* tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.

* tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.

* tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.

* tratar específicamente = target.

* tratar información = handle + information.

* tratar injustamente = malign.

* tratar justamente = treat + fairly.

* tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.

* tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.

* tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.

* tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.

* tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.

* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.

* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.

* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.

* tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.

* tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.

* tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.

* tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.

* tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.

* tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.

* tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.

* tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.

* tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.

* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.

* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.

* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.

* volver a tratar = revisit.

* * *

tratar [A1 ]

vi

A (intentar) to try tratar DE + INF to try to + INF

trate de comprender try to o ( colloq) try and understand

traten de no llegar tarde try not to be late

tratar DE QUE + SUBJ:

trata de que queden a la misma altura try to o ( colloq) try and get them level

trataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again

B

«obra/libro/película»: tratar DEor SOBRE algo: ¿de qué trata el libro? what's the book about?

la conferencia tratará sobre medicina alternativa the lecture will deal with o will be on the subject of alternative medicine, the theme of the lecture will be alternative medicine

C (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar CON algn to deal WITH sb

en mi trabajo trato con gente de todo tipo in my job I deal with o come into contact with all kinds of people

tratar con él no es nada fácil he's not at all easy to get on with

prefiero tratar directamente con el fabricante I prefer to deal directly with the manufacturer

D ( Com) tratar EN algo to deal IN sth

tratar en joyas/antigüedades to deal in jewels/antiques

los mercaderes que trataban en esclavos/pieles the merchants who dealt o traded in slaves/furs

■ tratar

vt

A

1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› (+ compl) to treat

me tratan muy bien/como si fuera de la familia they treat me very well/as if I were one of the family

trata la guitarra con más cuidado be more careful with the guitar

2 (llamar) tratar a algn DE algo to call sb sth

¿me estás tratando de mentiroso? are you calling me a liar?

tratar a algn de usted/tú to address sb using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form

a mi suegro nunca lo he tratado de usted I've never called my father-in-law `usted'

B ‹persona›

(frecuentar): lo trataba cuando era joven I saw quite a lot of him when I was young

nunca lo he tratado I have never had any contact with him o any dealings with him

C ‹tema/asunto›

vamos a tratar primero los puntos de mayor urgencia let's deal with o discuss the more pressing issues first

no sé cómo tratar esta cuestión I don't know how to deal with o handle this matter

el libro trata la Revolución Francesa desde una óptica inusual the book looks at the French Revolution from an unusual angle

esto no se puede tratar delante de los niños we can't discuss this in front of the children

D

1 ‹paciente/enfermedad› to treat

2 ‹sustancia/metal/madera› to treat

cultivos tratados con insectidas crops treated with insecticides

■ tratarse

v pron

A (relacionarse, tener contacto)

1 tratarse CON algn:

no me gusta la gente con la que se trata I don't like the people he mixes with

se trata con gente de la alta sociedad she socializes o mixes with people from high society, she moves in high circles

¿tú te tratas con los Rucabado? are you friendly with the Rucabados?

2 ( recípr):

somos parientes pero no nos tratamos we're related but we never see each other o we never have anything to do with each other

B (+ compl)

1 ( recípr):

se tratan de usted/tú they address each other as `usted'/`tú'

se tratan sin ningún respeto they have o show no respect for each other

2 ( refl) to treat oneself

¡qué mal te tratas, eh! ( iró); you don't treat yourself badly, do you?, you know how to look after yourself, don't you?

C ( Med) (seguir un tratamiento) to have o undergo treatment

D tratarse de ( en tercera persona)

1 (ser acerca de) to be about

¿de qué se trata? what's it about?, what does it concern? ( frml)

se trata de Roy it's about Roy

2

(ser cuestión de): se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing

si sólo se trata de eso, hazlo pasar ahora if that's all it is o if that's all he wants, show him in now

bueno, si se trata de echarle un vistazo nada más … OK, if it's just a question of having a quick look at it …

3

(ser): se trata de la estrella del equipo we're talking about o he is the star of the team

tratándose de usted, no creo que haya inconvenientes since it's for you o in your case I don't think there will be any problems

* * *

tratar ( conjugate tratar) verbo intransitivo
1 ( intentar) to try;
◊ traten de llegar temprano try to arrive early;

trataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2 [obra/libro/película] tratar de algo to be about sth;
tratar sobre algo to deal with sth;
◊ la conferencia tratará sobre medicina alternativa the lecture will deal with alternative medicine

3 (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar con algn to deal with sb;
◊ en mi trabajo trato con gente de todo tipo in my job I deal with all kinds of people

verbo transitivo
1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› to treat;
◊ me tratan muy bien they treat me very well

2 ( frecuentar):
◊ lo trataba cuando era joven I saw quite a lot of him when I was young

3 ‹tema/asunto› to discuss, to deal with
4
a) (Med) to treat

b) ‹sustancia/metal› to treat

tratarse verbo pronominal
1 tratarse con algn ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with sb;
( alternar) to socialize o mix with sb;
◊ no nos tratamos mucho ( recíp) we don't have much to do with each other

2 (+ compl) ( recípr):
◊ se tratan sin ningún respeto they show no respect for each other

3 (Med) to have o undergo treatment
4
◊ tratarse de (en 3a pers)

a) ( ser acerca de) to be about;

◊ ¿de qué se trata? what's it about?

b) ( ser cuestión de) to be a question of;

◊ se trata de participar, no de ganar it's a question of taking part, not of winning;

solo porque se trata de ti just because it's you
tratar
I verbo transitivo
1 (portarse) to treat
2 (cuidar) to look after, care: trátame el libro bien, look after my book
3 (dirigirse a una persona) address: nos tratamos de tú, we call each other "tú" o we're on first name terms
4 (considerar, llamar) me trató de tonto, he called me stupid
5 (someter a un proceso) to treat
6 (someter a tratamiento médico) to treat: le tienen que tratar la artritis, they have to treat his arthritis
7 (tener relación social) la he tratado muy poco, I don't know her very well
8 (considerar, discutir) to deal with: no hemos tratado la cuestión, we haven't discussed that subject
II verbo intransitivo 1 tratar de, (un libro, una película) to be about: ¿de qué trata?, what is it about?
2 (intentar) to try [de, to]
3 Com tratar en, to trade in o with 4 tratar con, (negociar) to negotiate with
' tratar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
censurar
- defraudar
- delicada
- delicado
- drogodependencia
- ir
- girar
- hablar
- mimar
- negociar
- tú
- confianza
- curar
- debido
- huir
- manera
- miramiento
- piel
- punto
- tocar
- trato
- usted
English:
about
- address
- associate
- bid
- clutch
- deal with
- discuss
- form
- grapple
- ground
- handle
- light
- lionise
- mistreat
- muck about
- muck around
- patronize
- peer
- push through
- rubberize
- specific
- squarely
- tactfully
- tout
- treat
- try
- try on
- victimize
- attempt
- bite
- contact
- could
- cover
- deal
- favor
- grasp
- process
- profile
- raw
- seek
- snub
- tackle
- take
- thrash
- untreated
- way

* * *

tratar

♦ vt

1. [portarse con, manejar] to treat;

¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?;

no la trates tan mal don't be so nasty to her;

la vida no la ha tratado bien life has not been kind to her;

te dejo los discos, pero trátamelos bien I'll let you borrow the records, but look after them o be careful with them for me

2. [paciente, enfermedad, herida] to treat;

la están tratando de cáncer, le están tratando un cáncer she's being treated for cancer;

el médico que la trata the doctor who is treating her

3. [tener relación con] to have dealings o contact with;

era compañera de clase pero la traté muy poco she was in my class, but I didn't have much to do with her

4. [llamar, dirigirse a]
tratar a alguien de usted/tú = to address sb using the “usted” form/the “tú” form;

no hace falta que me trates de señor there's no need to call me “sir”;

tratar a alguien de tonto to call sb an idiot

5. [tema, asunto] to treat;

el tema que trata la obra the subject of the book;

hay que tratar ese asunto con cuidado this matter needs to be dealt with carefully;

eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss

6. [agua, sustancia, tejido, alimento] to treat

7. Informát [datos, información] to process

8. Bol [insultar] to insult, to swear at

♦ vi

1. [intentar]
tratar de hacer algo to try to do sth;

trata de comprenderlo, por favor please try to understand;

trataré de no equivocarme I'll try not to get it wrong;

sólo trataba de que estuvieras más cómodo I was only trying to make you more comfortable

2. [versar]
tratar de o [m5] sobre to be about;

¿de qué trata el documental? what's the documentary about o on?;

la ponencia trata sobre contaminación acústica the paper is about o on noise pollution

3. [tener relación]
tratar con alguien to have dealings with sb;

en mi trabajo tengo que tratar con todo tipo de gente I have to deal with all sorts of people in my job;

trata con gente muy rara she mixes with some very strange people;

Comp
RP
tratar a alguien con pinzas to handle sb with kid gloves

4. [comerciar] to deal (en in)

♦ See also the pronominal verb tratarse

* * *

tratar

I v/t

1 treat

2 ( manejar) handle

3 ( dirigirse a) address (de as);

tratar a alguien de tú address s.o. informally, use the tú form with s.o.;

tratar a alguien de usted address s.o. formally, use the usted form with s.o.

4 gente come into contact with

5 tema deal with

II v/i:

1

:

tratar con alguien deal with s.o.

2

:

tratar de ( intentar) try to

3 COM

:

tratar en deal in

* * *

tratar vi

1)

tratar con : to deal with, to have contact with

no trato mucho con los clientes: I don't have much contact with customers

2)

tratar de : to try to

estoy tratando de comer: I am trying to eat

3)

tratar de or

tratar sobre : to be about, to concern

el libro trata de las plantas: the book is about plants

4)

tratar en : to deal in

trata en herramientas: he deals in tools

tratar vt

1) : to treat

tratan bien a sus empleados: they treat their employees well

2) : to handle

trató el tema con delicadeza: he handled the subject tactfully

♦ See also the reflexive verb tratarse

* * *

tratar vb

1. (en general) to treat

me trataron muy bien they treated me very well

2. (ocuparse, tener relación) to deal with [pt. & pp. dealt]

trata con muchos artistas he deals with a lot of artists

3. (hablar) to discuss

se reunieron para tratar un problema they met to discuss a problem

4. (referirse) to be about

la película trataba de vampiros the film was about vampires

tratar de to try to

trataré de ser puntual I'll try to be punctual

Spanish-English dictionary > tratar
9 treat

tri:t
1. verb
1) (to deal with, or behave towards (a thing or person), in a certain manner: The soldiers treated me very well; The police are treating his death as a case of murder.) tratar

2) (to try to cure (a person or disease, injury etc): They treated her for a broken leg.) tratar

3) (to put (something) through a process: The woodwork has been treated with a new chemical.) tratar

4) (to buy (a meal, present etc) for (someone): I'll treat you to lunch; She treated herself to a new hat.) invitar, convidar

5) (to write or speak about; to discuss.) tratar (de)

2. noun
(something that gives pleasure, eg an arranged outing, or some special food: He took them to the theatre as a treat.) regalo

- treatment

treat¹ n cosa especial / lujo / regalo

they took her to the zoo as a treat como algo especial, la llevaron al zoo

treat² vb

1. tratar

they treated us well nos trataron bien

a new way of treating cancer un nuevo método de tratar el cáncer

2. invitar

he treated me to lunch me invitó a comer

3. darse el gusto / permitirse el lujo

I treated myself to a huge ice cream me permití el lujo de comprarme un helado enorme

treat

tr[triːt]

noun

1 (meal, drink) convite nombre masculino

■ it's my treat invito yo

2 (present) regalo

3 (pleasure) placer nombre masculino, gusto, deleite nombre masculino

transitive verb

1 (act, behave towards) tratar

■ why don't you treat me like an adult? ¿por qué no me tratas como a un adulto?

■ I was treated as one of the family me trataron como a uno (más) de la familia

2 (subject) tratar

■ this will be treated with the utmost confidentiality se tratará con total confianza

3 (consider, regard) tomar(se)

■ he treated it as a joke lo tomó en broma

4 (invite) convidar, invitar; (give) regalar; (spoil oneself) permitirse el lujo, darse el gusto

■ they treated us to dinner nos invitaron a cenar

■ she treated the children to a trip to the seaside llevó a los niños de excursión a la playa como algo especial

■ I treated myself to a new pair of shoes me di el gusto de comprarme unos zapatos nuevos

5 SMALLMEDICINE/SMALL (condition) tratar, curar; (person) atender

■ he was treated for hepatitis le curaron la hepatitis

6 SMALLTECHNICAL/SMALL (wood, worm, etc) tratar ( with, con)

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to treat somebody like dirt despreciar a alguien

to work a treat funcionar a las mil maravillas

treat ['tri:t] vt

1) deal with: tratar (un asunto)

the article treats of poverty: el artículo trata de la pobreza

2) handle: tratar (a una persona), manejar (un objeto)

to treat something as a joke: tomar(se) algo a broma

3) invite: invitar, convidar

he treated me to a meal: me invitó a comer

4) : tratar, atender (en medicina)

5) process: tratar

to treat sewage: tratar las aguas negras

treat n

: gusto m, placer m

it was a treat to see you: fue un placer verte

it's my treat: yo invito

treat

v.

• convidar v.

• curar v.

• guarecer v.

• medicinar v.

• propinar v.

• regalar v.

• tratar v.

n.

• convidada s.f.

• convidado s.m.

• convite s.m.

• obsequio s.m.

• regalo s.m.

I triːt
transitive verb

1) (+ adv compl)

a) ( behave toward) \<\<person/animal\>\> tratar

to treat somebody like a child — tratar a alguien como a un niño

how's life been treating you? — (colloq) ¿cómo te trata la vida? (fam)

b) (use, handle) \<\<tool/vehicle\>\> tratar

c) (regard, consider)

to treat something with suspicion — ver* algo con sospecha

you seem to treat this whole thing as a joke — pareces tomarte a broma todo esto

2) ( process) \<\<wood/fabric/sewage\>\> tratar

3) ( deal with) (frml) \<\<subject\>\> tratar

4) ( Med) \<\<patient/disease\>\> tratar

she's being treated for an ulcer — está en tratamiento por una úlcera

5) ( entertain)

I'm treating you — te invito yo

to treat somebody TO something: may I treat you to lunch? ¿te puedo invitar a comer?; why don't you treat yourself to a new dress? ¿por qué no te das un gusto y te compras un vestido nuevo?; we were treated to a performance of traditional dancing — nos ofrecieron un espectáculo de bailes folklóricos

II

noun gusto m

I bought myself an ice cream as o for a treat — me compré un helado para darme (un) gusto

as a special treat — como algo muy especial

there's a treat in store for you — te espera una bonita sorpresa

this is my treat — invito or pago yo

to come on/go down a treat — (BrE colloq)

the project is coming on a treat — el proyecto marcha sobre ruedas

this champagne goes down a treat — este champán es una delicia

to work a treat — salir* a las mil maravillas

[triːt]
1. N

1) (=something special)

I've bought a few little treats for the children — les he comprado unas cosillas or unas chucherías a los niños

a birthday/Christmas treat — un regalo de cumpleaños/Navidad

• as or for a (special) treat — como algo (muy) especial

• to give sb a treat — obsequiar a algn con algo especial

you should give her a treat as a reward for her good grades — deberías obsequiarla con algo especial en premio a sus buenas notas

I wanted to give myself a treat — quería darme un gusto or permitirme un lujo

• viewers are in for a treat this weekend — los televidentes se llevarán una agradable sorpresa este fin de semana

• the trip to the cinema was an unexpected treat — fue una agradable sorpresa que me llevara al cine

2) (=offer to pay)

"I'll pay" - "no, this is my treat" — -yo pago -no, invito yo

to stand sb a treat — invitar a algn
Dutch 4.
3) (=pleasure) placer m, gusto m

it was a treat to see him happy again — era un placer or daba gusto volver a verle feliz

4)

a treat * (as adv) (Brit) —

• the garden is coming on a treat — el jardín va de maravilla *

• this wine goes down a treat — este vino sienta de maravilla *

• take this powder for a headache, it works a treat — tómate estos polvos para el dolor de cabeza, hacen milagros or son mano de santo *

2. VT

1) (=behave towards) [+ person, animal] tratar; (=handle) [+ object] manejar

we were treated with respect/contempt — nos trataron con respeto/desprecio

to treat sb well/badly — tratar bien/mal a algn

• the chemical should be treated with caution — este producto químico debería manejarse con cuidado

• to treat sb like a child — tratar a algn como a un niño

• how's life treating you these days? — ¿cómo te va la vida últimamente?

- treat sb like dirt

2) (=consider, view) tratar

• his statements should be treated with caution — hay que tomar sus declaraciones con cautela

• to treat sth as a joke — tomarse algo a risa

• this is not a subject that should be treated lightly — este no es un asunto para ser tratado a la ligera

• police are treating the threats seriously — la policía está tratando las amenazas como un asunto serio

3) (=deal with) [+ subject] tratar

the issues should be treated separately — los asuntos se deberían tratar por separado

4) (=invite) invitar

I'm treating you — yo te invito

• to treat sb to sth — invitar or convidar a algn a algo

she was always treating him to ice cream — siempre le invitaba or convidaba a un helado, siempre le estaba comprando helados

he treated us to a monologue on the virtues of abstinence — iro nos soltó un monólogo sobre las virtudes de la abstinencia

to treat o.s to sth — darse el gusto or permitirse el lujo de (hacer) algo

we treated ourselves to a meal out — nos dimos el gusto or nos permitimos el lujo de comer fuera

he treated himself to another drink — se permitió otra copa

• go on - treat yourself! — ¡venga, date el gusto or el lujo!

5) (Med) [+ patient] tratar, atender; [+ illness] tratar

which doctor is treating you? — ¿qué médico te atiende or trata?

the condition can be treated successfully with antibiotics — la enfermedad se puede curar con antibióticos

they were treated for shock — recibieron tratamiento por shock

do not try and treat yourself — no intente automedicarse

6) (=process) [+ wood, crops, sewage] tratar

3. VI
frm
1) (=negotiate)

to treat with sb — negociar con algn

2) (=deal with)

to treat of sth — [author] tratar algo; [book, article] versar sobre algo

* * *

I [triːt]
transitive verb

1) (+ adv compl)

a) ( behave toward) \<\<person/animal\>\> tratar

to treat somebody like a child — tratar a alguien como a un niño

how's life been treating you? — (colloq) ¿cómo te trata la vida? (fam)

b) (use, handle) \<\<tool/vehicle\>\> tratar

c) (regard, consider)

to treat something with suspicion — ver* algo con sospecha

you seem to treat this whole thing as a joke — pareces tomarte a broma todo esto

2) ( process) \<\<wood/fabric/sewage\>\> tratar

3) ( deal with) (frml) \<\<subject\>\> tratar

4) ( Med) \<\<patient/disease\>\> tratar

she's being treated for an ulcer — está en tratamiento por una úlcera

5) ( entertain)

I'm treating you — te invito yo

to treat somebody TO something: may I treat you to lunch? ¿te puedo invitar a comer?; why don't you treat yourself to a new dress? ¿por qué no te das un gusto y te compras un vestido nuevo?; we were treated to a performance of traditional dancing — nos ofrecieron un espectáculo de bailes folklóricos

II

noun gusto m

I bought myself an ice cream as o for a treat — me compré un helado para darme (un) gusto

as a special treat — como algo muy especial

there's a treat in store for you — te espera una bonita sorpresa

this is my treat — invito or pago yo

to come on/go down a treat — (BrE colloq)

the project is coming on a treat — el proyecto marcha sobre ruedas

this champagne goes down a treat — este champán es una delicia

to work a treat — salir* a las mil maravillas

English-spanish dictionary > treat
10 abusar

v.

1 to go too far.

abusar de algo to abuse something

abusar del alcohol to drink to excess

puedes comer dulces, pero sin abusar you can eat sweets, but don't overdo it

abusar de alguien to take advantage of somebody; (aprovecharse) to sexually abuse somebody (sexualmente)

2 to abuse, to take advantage.

* * *

abusar

► verbo intransitivo

1 (propasarse) to go too far, abuse (de, -)

■ abusar de alguien to take unfair advantage of somebody

2 (usar mal) to misuse (de, -)

■ abusar de la bebida to drink too much

* * *

VI

1) (=extralimitarse) to take advantage

es muy generoso pero no debéis abusar — he's very generous but you mustn't take advantage

• abusar de — [+ persona] to take advantage of; [+ amistad, hospitalidad, amabilidad, privilegio] to abuse

de los débiles todo el mundo abusa — everyone takes advantage of the weak

el acusado abusó de su condición de policía — the defendant abused his position as a policeman

no quiero abusar de su tiempo — I don't want to take up too much of your time

si siguen abusando de mi paciencia, un día estallaré — if they continue to try my patience, one of these days I'm going to explode

abusar de la confianza de algn — (=aprovecharse) to take advantage of sb's good will; (=traicionar) to betray sb's trust

2) (=usar en exceso)

está bien beber de vez en cuando pero sin abusar — drinking every so often is fine as long as you don't overdo it

• abusar de, abusar del tabaco — to smoke too much

no conviene abusar de las grasas — it's not good to eat too much fat

abusan de la jerga técnica — they use too much technical jargon

3) (=usar mal)

abusar de — [+ dinero] to misuse

4) [sexualmente]

abusar de algn — to (sexually) abuse sb

* * *

verbo intransitivo

1)

a) ( aprovecharse)

es muy hospitalaria pero no abuses — she's very hospitable but don't take advantage of her

abusar de algo — de autoridad/posición to abuse something; de hospitalidad/generosidad to abuse something, take unfair advantage of something

no quisiera abusar de su amabilidad — I don't want to impose (on you)

abusar de alguien — de padres/amigo to take advantage of somebody

b) ( sexualmente)

abusar de alguien — to sexually abuse somebody

2) ( usar en exceso)

abusar de algo: abusa de tranquilizantes he takes too many tranquilizers; no se debe abusar del alcohol — alcohol should be drunk in moderation

* * *

= abuse, mistreat, wrong.

Ex. This system was often abused for a grasping clicker would see to it that the fastest compositor got the easiest work.

Ex. Some authors, of course, object to their work being subjected to compulsory dissection for exams in the traditional deadly manner and like Bernard Shaw, they swear to haunt anyone who so mistreats them (Shaw's ghost must be busy these days).

Ex. The case raises the age-old issue of how best to resolve disputes between the press and a subject that feels wronged.

----

* abusar de = overuse.

* abusar del poder = lord over, lord it over.

* abusar del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.

* * *

verbo intransitivo

1)

a) ( aprovecharse)

es muy hospitalaria pero no abuses — she's very hospitable but don't take advantage of her

abusar de algo — de autoridad/posición to abuse something; de hospitalidad/generosidad to abuse something, take unfair advantage of something

no quisiera abusar de su amabilidad — I don't want to impose (on you)

abusar de alguien — de padres/amigo to take advantage of somebody

b) ( sexualmente)

abusar de alguien — to sexually abuse somebody

2) ( usar en exceso)

abusar de algo: abusa de tranquilizantes he takes too many tranquilizers; no se debe abusar del alcohol — alcohol should be drunk in moderation

* * *

= abuse, mistreat, wrong.

Ex: This system was often abused for a grasping clicker would see to it that the fastest compositor got the easiest work.

Ex: Some authors, of course, object to their work being subjected to compulsory dissection for exams in the traditional deadly manner and like Bernard Shaw, they swear to haunt anyone who so mistreats them (Shaw's ghost must be busy these days).

Ex: The case raises the age-old issue of how best to resolve disputes between the press and a subject that feels wronged.

* abusar de = overuse.

* abusar del poder = lord over, lord it over.

* abusar del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.

* * *

abusar [A1 ]

vi

A

1 (aprovecharse) abusar DE algo/algn to take advantage OF sth/sb

no quisiera abusar de su amabilidad I don't want to impose (on you)

abusa de su autoridad he abuses his authority

2 (sexualmente) abusar DE algn to sexually abuse sb; (violar) to rape sb

B

(usar en exceso): no tomes más de dos al día, no conviene abusar don't have more than two a day, it's best not to take too many

abusar DE algo:

abusa de tranquilizantes he takes too many tranquilizers

el alcohol no es nocivo si no se abusa de él alcohol is not harmful if drunk in moderation o as long as it is not drunk to excess

usa y abusa de cifras y estadísticas she overuses o she makes excessive use of figures and statistics

* * *

abusar ( conjugate abusar) verbo intransitivo
1
a) ( aprovecharse):

◊ es muy hospitalaria pero no abuses she's very hospitable but don't take advantage of her;

abusar de algo ‹de autoridad/posición/generosidad› to abuse sth;
no quisiera abusar de su amabilidad I don't want to impose (on you);
abusar de algn ‹de padres/amigo› to take advantage of sb
b) ( sexualmente) abusar de algn to sexually abuse sb

2 ( usar en exceso):
◊ abusa de los tranquilizantes he takes too many tranquilizers;

no se debe abusar del alcohol alcohol should be drunk in moderation
abusar verbo intransitivo
1 (aprovecharse de) to take (unfair) advantage of: su familia abusa de su bondad, her family take advantage of her kindness
(del poder, de la autoridad, etc) to abuse
2 (consumir en exceso) abusar del alcohol, to drink too much o to excess
3 Jur (de un menor, de una mujer) to abuse
4 familiar ¡no abuses de mi paciencia!, don't try my patience
' abusar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
sangrar
- aprovechar
English:
abuse
- advantage
- impose
- misuse
- rank
- strain
- indulgence
- molest

* * *

abusar vi

1. [excederse] to go too far;

abusar de algo to abuse sth;

abusar del alcohol to drink to excess;

no le conviene abusar de la bebida he shouldn't drink too much;

puedes comer dulces, pero sin abusar you can eat sweets, but don't overdo it

2. [aprovecharse]
abusar de alguien to take advantage of sb;

abusan de su generosidad they take advantage of o abuse her generosity

3.
abusar (sexualmente) de alguien [forzar] to sexually abuse sb

* * *

abusar

v/i

:

abusar de poder, confianza abuse; persona take advantage of;

abusar sexualmente de alguien sexually abuse s.o.;

abusar del alcohol drink too much

* * *

abusar vi

1) : to go too far, to do something to excess

2)

abusar de : to abuse (as drugs)

3)

abusar de : to take unfair advantage of

* * *

abusar vb to abuse

abusa de la bebida he drinks too much

abusa del tabaco she smokes too much

Spanish-English dictionary > abusar
11 модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
1. modular data center
модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
-
[Интент]

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

[ http://loosebolts.wordpress.com/2008/12/02/our-vision-for-generation-4-modular-data-centers-one-way-of-getting-it-just-right/]

[ http://dcnt.ru/?p=9299#more-9299]

Data Centers are a hot topic these days. No matter where you look, this once obscure aspect of infrastructure is getting a lot of attention. For years, there have been cost pressures on IT operations and this, when the need for modern capacity is greater than ever, has thrust data centers into the spotlight. Server and rack density continues to rise, placing DC professionals and businesses in tighter and tougher situations while they struggle to manage their IT environments. And now hyper-scale cloud infrastructure is taking traditional technologies to limits never explored before and focusing the imagination of the IT industry on new possibilities.

В настоящее время центры обработки данных являются широко обсуждаемой темой. Куда ни посмотришь, этот некогда малоизвестный аспект инфраструктуры привлекает все больше внимания. Годами ИТ-отделы испытывали нехватку средств и это выдвинуло ЦОДы в центр внимания, в то время, когда необходимость в современных ЦОДах стала как никогда высокой. Плотность серверов и стоек продолжают расти, все больше усложняя ситуацию для специалистов в области охлаждения и организаций в их попытках управлять своими ИТ-средами. И теперь гипермасштабируемая облачная инфраструктура подвергает традиционные технологии невиданным ранее нагрузкам, и заставляет ИТ-индустрию искать новые возможности.

At Microsoft, we have focused a lot of thought and research around how to best operate and maintain our global infrastructure and we want to share those learnings. While obviously there are some aspects that we keep to ourselves, we have shared how we operate facilities daily, our technologies and methodologies, and, most importantly, how we monitor and manage our facilities. Whether it’s speaking at industry events, inviting customers to our “Microsoft data center conferences” held in our data centers, or through other media like blogging and white papers, we believe sharing best practices is paramount and will drive the industry forward. So in that vein, we have some interesting news to share.

В компании MicroSoft уделяют большое внимание изучению наилучших методов эксплуатации и технического обслуживания своей глобальной инфраструктуры и делятся результатами своих исследований. И хотя мы, конечно, не раскрываем некоторые аспекты своих исследований, мы делимся повседневным опытом эксплуатации дата-центров, своими технологиями и методологиями и, что важнее всего, методами контроля и управления своими объектами. Будь то доклады на отраслевых событиях, приглашение клиентов на наши конференции, которые посвящены центрам обработки данных MicroSoft, и проводятся в этих самых дата-центрах, или использование других средств, например, блоги и спецификации, мы уверены, что обмен передовым опытом имеет первостепенное значение и будет продвигать отрасль вперед.

Today we are sharing our Generation 4 Modular Data Center plan. This is our vision and will be the foundation of our cloud data center infrastructure in the next five years. We believe it is one of the most revolutionary changes to happen to data centers in the last 30 years. Joining me, in writing this blog are Daniel Costello, my director of Data Center Research and Engineering and Christian Belady, principal power and cooling architect. I feel their voices will add significant value to driving understanding around the many benefits included in this new design paradigm.

Сейчас мы хотим поделиться своим планом модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения. Это наше видение и оно будет основанием для инфраструктуры наших облачных дата-центров в ближайшие пять лет. Мы считаем, что это одно из самых революционных изменений в дата-центрах за последние 30 лет. Вместе со мной в написании этого блога участвовали Дэниел Костелло, директор по исследованиям и инжинирингу дата-центров, и Кристиан Белади, главный архитектор систем энергоснабжения и охлаждения. Мне кажется, что их авторитет придаст больше веса большому количеству преимуществ, включенных в эту новую парадигму проектирования.

Our “Gen 4” modular data centers will take the flexibility of containerized servers—like those in our Chicago data center—and apply it across the entire facility. So what do we mean by modular? Think of it like “building blocks”, where the data center will be composed of modular units of prefabricated mechanical, electrical, security components, etc., in addition to containerized servers.

Was there a key driver for the Generation 4 Data Center?

Наши модульные дата-центры “Gen 4” будут гибкими с контейнерами серверов – как серверы в нашем чикагском дата-центре. И гибкость будет применяться ко всему ЦОД. Итак, что мы подразумеваем под модульностью? Мы думаем о ней как о “строительных блоках”, где дата-центр будет состоять из модульных блоков изготовленных в заводских условиях электрических систем и систем охлаждения, а также систем безопасности и т.п., в дополнение к контейнеризованным серверам.
Был ли ключевой стимул для разработки дата-центра четвертого поколения?

If we were to summarize the promise of our Gen 4 design into a single sentence it would be something like this: “A highly modular, scalable, efficient, just-in-time data center capacity program that can be delivered anywhere in the world very quickly and cheaply, while allowing for continued growth as required.” Sounds too good to be true, doesn’t it? Well, keep in mind that these concepts have been in initial development and prototyping for over a year and are based on cumulative knowledge of previous facility generations and the advances we have made since we began our investments in earnest on this new design.

Если бы нам нужно было обобщить достоинства нашего проекта Gen 4 в одном предложении, это выглядело бы следующим образом: “Центр обработки данных с высоким уровнем модульности, расширяемости, и энергетической эффективности, а также возможностью постоянного расширения, в случае необходимости, который можно очень быстро и дешево развертывать в любом месте мира”. Звучит слишком хорошо для того чтобы быть правдой, не так ли? Ну, не забывайте, что эти концепции находились в процессе начальной разработки и создания опытного образца в течение более одного года и основываются на опыте, накопленном в ходе развития предыдущих поколений ЦОД, а также успехах, сделанных нами со времени, когда мы начали вкладывать серьезные средства в этот новый проект.

One of the biggest challenges we’ve had at Microsoft is something Mike likes to call the ‘Goldilock’s Problem’. In a nutshell, the problem can be stated as:

The worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is not have enough capacity online, thus limiting the growth of our products and services.

Одну из самых больших проблем, с которыми приходилось сталкиваться Майкрософт, Майк любит называть ‘Проблемой Лютика’. Вкратце, эту проблему можно выразить следующим образом:

Самое худшее, что может быть при строительстве ЦОД для бизнеса, это не располагать достаточными производственными мощностями, и тем самым ограничивать рост наших продуктов и сервисов.

The second worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is to have too much capacity online.

А вторым самым худшим моментом в этой сфере может слишком большое количество производственных мощностей.

This has led to a focus on smart, intelligent growth for the business — refining our overall demand picture. It can’t be too hot. It can’t be too cold. It has to be ‘Just Right!’ The capital dollars of investment are too large to make without long term planning. As we struggled to master these interesting challenges, we had to ensure that our technological plan also included solutions for the business and operational challenges we faced as well.
So let’s take a high level look at our Generation 4 design

Это заставило нас сосредоточиваться на интеллектуальном росте для бизнеса — refining our overall demand picture. Это не должно быть слишком горячим. И это не должно быть слишком холодным. Это должно быть ‘как раз, таким как надо!’ Нельзя делать такие большие капиталовложения без долгосрочного планирования. Пока мы старались решить эти интересные проблемы, мы должны были гарантировать, что наш технологический план будет также включать решения для коммерческих и эксплуатационных проблем, с которыми нам также приходилось сталкиваться.
Давайте рассмотрим наш проект дата-центра четвертого поколения

Are you ready for some great visuals? Check out this video at Soapbox. Click here for the Microsoft 4th Gen Video.

It’s a concept video that came out of my Data Center Research and Engineering team, under Daniel Costello, that will give you a view into what we think is the future.

From a configuration, construct-ability and time to market perspective, our primary goals and objectives are to modularize the whole data center. Not just the server side (like the Chicago facility), but the mechanical and electrical space as well. This means using the same kind of parts in pre-manufactured modules, the ability to use containers, skids, or rack-based deployments and the ability to tailor the Redundancy and Reliability requirements to the application at a very specific level.

Посмотрите это видео, перейдите по ссылке для просмотра видео о Microsoft 4th Gen:

Это концептуальное видео, созданное командой отдела Data Center Research and Engineering, возглавляемого Дэниелом Костелло, которое даст вам наше представление о будущем.

С точки зрения конфигурации, строительной технологичности и времени вывода на рынок, нашими главными целями и задачами агрегатирование всего дата-центра. Не только серверную часть, как дата-центр в Чикаго, но также системы охлаждения и электрические системы. Это означает применение деталей одного типа в сборных модулях, возможность использования контейнеров, салазок, или стоечных систем, а также возможность подстраивать требования избыточности и надежности для данного приложения на очень специфичном уровне.

Our goals from a cost perspective were simple in concept but tough to deliver. First and foremost, we had to reduce the capital cost per critical Mega Watt by the class of use. Some applications can run with N-level redundancy in the infrastructure, others require a little more infrastructure for support. These different classes of infrastructure requirements meant that optimizing for all cost classes was paramount. At Microsoft, we are not a one trick pony and have many Online products and services (240+) that require different levels of operational support. We understand that and ensured that we addressed it in our design which will allow us to reduce capital costs by 20%-40% or greater depending upon class.

Нашими целями в области затрат были концептуально простыми, но трудно реализуемыми. В первую очередь мы должны были снизить капитальные затраты в пересчете на один мегаватт, в зависимости от класса резервирования. Некоторые приложения могут вполне работать на базе инфраструктуры с резервированием на уровне N, то есть без резервирования, а для работы других приложений требуется больше инфраструктуры. Эти разные классы требований инфраструктуры подразумевали, что оптимизация всех классов затрат имеет преобладающее значение. В Майкрософт мы не ограничиваемся одним решением и располагаем большим количеством интерактивных продуктов и сервисов (240+), которым требуются разные уровни эксплуатационной поддержки. Мы понимаем это, и учитываем это в своем проекте, который позволит нам сокращать капитальные затраты на 20%-40% или более в зависимости от класса.

For example, non-critical or geo redundant applications have low hardware reliability requirements on a location basis. As a result, Gen 4 can be configured to provide stripped down, low-cost infrastructure with little or no redundancy and/or temperature control. Let’s say an Online service team decides that due to the dramatically lower cost, they will simply use uncontrolled outside air with temperatures ranging 10-35 C and 20-80% RH. The reality is we are already spec-ing this for all of our servers today and working with server vendors to broaden that range even further as Gen 4 becomes a reality. For this class of infrastructure, we eliminate generators, chillers, UPSs, and possibly lower costs relative to traditional infrastructure.

Например, некритичные или гео-избыточные системы имеют низкие требования к аппаратной надежности на основе местоположения. В результате этого, Gen 4 можно конфигурировать для упрощенной, недорогой инфраструктуры с низким уровнем (или вообще без резервирования) резервирования и / или температурного контроля. Скажем, команда интерактивного сервиса решает, что, в связи с намного меньшими затратами, они будут просто использовать некондиционированный наружный воздух с температурой 10-35°C и влажностью 20-80% RH. В реальности мы уже сегодня предъявляем эти требования к своим серверам и работаем с поставщиками серверов над еще большим расширением диапазона температур, так как наш модуль и подход Gen 4 становится реальностью. Для подобного класса инфраструктуры мы удаляем генераторы, чиллеры, ИБП, и, возможно, будем предлагать более низкие затраты, по сравнению с традиционной инфраструктурой.

Applications that demand higher level of redundancy or temperature control will use configurations of Gen 4 to meet those needs, however, they will also cost more (but still less than traditional data centers). We see this cost difference driving engineering behavioral change in that we predict more applications will drive towards Geo redundancy to lower costs.

Системы, которым требуется более высокий уровень резервирования или температурного контроля, будут использовать конфигурации Gen 4, отвечающие этим требованиям, однако, они будут также стоить больше. Но все равно они будут стоить меньше, чем традиционные дата-центры. Мы предвидим, что эти различия в затратах будут вызывать изменения в методах инжиниринга, и по нашим прогнозам, это будет выражаться в переходе все большего числа систем на гео-избыточность и меньшие затраты.

Another cool thing about Gen 4 is that it allows us to deploy capacity when our demand dictates it. Once finalized, we will no longer need to make large upfront investments. Imagine driving capital costs more closely in-line with actual demand, thus greatly reducing time-to-market and adding the capacity Online inherent in the design. Also reduced is the amount of construction labor required to put these “building blocks” together. Since the entire platform requires pre-manufacture of its core components, on-site construction costs are lowered. This allows us to maximize our return on invested capital.

Еще одно достоинство Gen 4 состоит в том, что он позволяет нам разворачивать дополнительные мощности, когда нам это необходимо. Как только мы закончим проект, нам больше не нужно будет делать большие начальные капиталовложения. Представьте себе возможность более точного согласования капитальных затрат с реальными требованиями, и тем самым значительного снижения времени вывода на рынок и интерактивного добавления мощностей, предусматриваемого проектом. Также снижен объем строительных работ, требуемых для сборки этих “строительных блоков”. Поскольку вся платформа требует предварительного изготовления ее базовых компонентов, затраты на сборку также снижены. Это позволит нам увеличить до максимума окупаемость своих капиталовложений.
Мы все подвергаем сомнению

In our design process, we questioned everything. You may notice there is no roof and some might be uncomfortable with this. We explored the need of one and throughout our research we got some surprising (positive) results that showed one wasn’t needed.

В своем процессе проектирования мы все подвергаем сомнению. Вы, наверное, обратили внимание на отсутствие крыши, и некоторым специалистам это могло не понравиться. Мы изучили необходимость в крыше и в ходе своих исследований получили удивительные результаты, которые показали, что крыша не нужна.
Серийное производство дата центров

In short, we are striving to bring Henry Ford’s Model T factory to the data center. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford#Model_T. Gen 4 will move data centers from a custom design and build model to a commoditized manufacturing approach. We intend to have our components built in factories and then assemble them in one location (the data center site) very quickly. Think about how a computer, car or plane is built today. Components are manufactured by different companies all over the world to a predefined spec and then integrated in one location based on demands and feature requirements. And just like Henry Ford’s assembly line drove the cost of building and the time-to-market down dramatically for the automobile industry, we expect Gen 4 to do the same for data centers. Everything will be pre-manufactured and assembled on the pad.

Мы хотим применить модель автомобильной фабрики Генри Форда к дата-центру. Проект Gen 4 будет способствовать переходу от модели специализированного проектирования и строительства к товарно-производственному, серийному подходу. Мы намерены изготавливать свои компоненты на заводах, а затем очень быстро собирать их в одном месте, в месте строительства дата-центра. Подумайте о том, как сегодня изготавливается компьютер, автомобиль или самолет. Компоненты изготавливаются по заранее определенным спецификациям разными компаниями во всем мире, затем собираются в одном месте на основе спроса и требуемых характеристик. И точно так же как сборочный конвейер Генри Форда привел к значительному уменьшению затрат на производство и времени вывода на рынок в автомобильной промышленности, мы надеемся, что Gen 4 сделает то же самое для дата-центров. Все будет предварительно изготавливаться и собираться на месте.
Невероятно энергоэффективный ЦОД

And did we mention that this platform will be, overall, incredibly energy efficient? From a total energy perspective not only will we have remarkable PUE values, but the total cost of energy going into the facility will be greatly reduced as well. How much energy goes into making concrete? Will we need as much of it? How much energy goes into the fuel of the construction vehicles? This will also be greatly reduced! A key driver is our goal to achieve an average PUE at or below 1.125 by 2012 across our data centers. More than that, we are on a mission to reduce the overall amount of copper and water used in these facilities. We believe these will be the next areas of industry attention when and if the energy problem is solved. So we are asking today…“how can we build a data center with less building”?

А мы упоминали, что эта платформа будет, в общем, невероятно энергоэффективной? С точки зрения общей энергии, мы получим не только поразительные значения PUE, но общая стоимость энергии, затраченной на объект будет также значительно снижена. Сколько энергии идет на производство бетона? Нам нужно будет столько энергии? Сколько энергии идет на питание инженерных строительных машин? Это тоже будет значительно снижено! Главным стимулом является достижение среднего PUE не больше 1.125 для всех наших дата-центров к 2012 году. Более того, у нас есть задача сокращения общего количества меди и воды в дата-центрах. Мы думаем, что эти задачи станут следующей заботой отрасли после того как будет решена энергетическая проблема. Итак, сегодня мы спрашиваем себя…“как можно построить дата-центр с меньшим объемом строительных работ”?
Строительство дата центров без чиллеров

We have talked openly and publicly about building chiller-less data centers and running our facilities using aggressive outside economization. Our sincerest hope is that Gen 4 will completely eliminate the use of water. Today’s data centers use massive amounts of water and we see water as the next scarce resource and have decided to take a proactive stance on making water conservation part of our plan.

Мы открыто и публично говорили о строительстве дата-центров без чиллеров и активном использовании в наших центрах обработки данных технологий свободного охлаждения или фрикулинга. Мы искренне надеемся, что Gen 4 позволит полностью отказаться от использования воды. Современные дата-центры расходуют большие объемы воды и так как мы считаем воду следующим редким ресурсом, мы решили принять упреждающие меры и включить экономию воды в свой план.

By sharing this with the industry, we believe everyone can benefit from our methodology. While this concept and approach may be intimidating (or downright frightening) to some in the industry, disclosure ultimately is better for all of us.

Делясь этим опытом с отраслью, мы считаем, что каждый сможет извлечь выгоду из нашей методологией. Хотя эта концепция и подход могут показаться пугающими (или откровенно страшными) для некоторых отраслевых специалистов, раскрывая свои планы мы, в конечном счете, делаем лучше для всех нас.

Gen 4 design (even more than just containers), could reduce the ‘religious’ debates in our industry. With the central spine infrastructure in place, containers or pre-manufactured server halls can be either AC or DC, air-side economized or water-side economized, or not economized at all (though the sanity of that might be questioned). Gen 4 will allow us to decommission, repair and upgrade quickly because everything is modular. No longer will we be governed by the initial decisions made when constructing the facility. We will have almost unlimited use and re-use of the facility and site. We will also be able to use power in an ultra-fluid fashion moving load from critical to non-critical as use and capacity requirements dictate.

Проект Gen 4 позволит уменьшить ‘религиозные’ споры в нашей отрасли. Располагая базовой инфраструктурой, контейнеры или сборные серверные могут оборудоваться системами переменного или постоянного тока, воздушными или водяными экономайзерами, или вообще не использовать экономайзеры. Хотя можно подвергать сомнению разумность такого решения. Gen 4 позволит нам быстро выполнять работы по выводу из эксплуатации, ремонту и модернизации, поскольку все будет модульным. Мы больше не будем руководствоваться начальными решениями, принятыми во время строительства дата-центра. Мы сможем использовать этот дата-центр и инфраструктуру в течение почти неограниченного периода времени. Мы также сможем применять сверхгибкие методы использования электрической энергии, переводя оборудование в режимы критической или некритической нагрузки в соответствии с требуемой мощностью.
Gen 4 – это стандартная платформа

Finally, we believe this is a big game changer. Gen 4 will provide a standard platform that our industry can innovate around. For example, all modules in our Gen 4 will have common interfaces clearly defined by our specs and any vendor that meets these specifications will be able to plug into our infrastructure. Whether you are a computer vendor, UPS vendor, generator vendor, etc., you will be able to plug and play into our infrastructure. This means we can also source anyone, anywhere on the globe to minimize costs and maximize performance. We want to help motivate the industry to further innovate—with innovations from which everyone can reap the benefits.

Наконец, мы уверены, что это будет фактором, который значительно изменит ситуацию. Gen 4 будет представлять собой стандартную платформу, которую отрасль сможет обновлять. Например, все модули в нашем Gen 4 будут иметь общепринятые интерфейсы, четко определяемые нашими спецификациями, и оборудование любого поставщика, которое отвечает этим спецификациям можно будет включать в нашу инфраструктуру. Независимо от того производите вы компьютеры, ИБП, генераторы и т.п., вы сможете включать свое оборудование нашу инфраструктуру. Это означает, что мы также сможем обеспечивать всех, в любом месте земного шара, тем самым сводя до минимума затраты и максимальной увеличивая производительность. Мы хотим создать в отрасли мотивацию для дальнейших инноваций – инноваций, от которых каждый сможет получать выгоду.
Главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen4

To summarize, the key characteristics of our Generation 4 data centers are:

Scalable
Plug-and-play spine infrastructure
Factory pre-assembled: Pre-Assembled Containers (PACs) & Pre-Manufactured Buildings (PMBs)
Rapid deployment
De-mountable
Reduce TTM
Reduced construction
Sustainable measures

Ниже приведены главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen 4:

Расширяемость;
Готовая к использованию базовая инфраструктура;
Изготовление в заводских условиях: сборные контейнеры (PAC) и сборные здания (PMB);
Быстрота развертывания;
Возможность демонтажа;
Снижение времени вывода на рынок (TTM);
Сокращение сроков строительства;
Экологичность;

Map applications to DC Class

We hope you join us on this incredible journey of change and innovation!

Long hours of research and engineering time are invested into this process. There are still some long days and nights ahead, but the vision is clear. Rest assured however, that we as refine Generation 4, the team will soon be looking to Generation 5 (even if it is a bit farther out). There is always room to get better.

Использование систем электропитания постоянного тока.

Мы надеемся, что вы присоединитесь к нам в этом невероятном путешествии по миру изменений и инноваций!

На этот проект уже потрачены долгие часы исследований и проектирования. И еще предстоит потратить много дней и ночей, но мы имеем четкое представление о конечной цели. Однако будьте уверены, что как только мы доведем до конца проект модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения, мы вскоре начнем думать о проекте дата-центра пятого поколения. Всегда есть возможность для улучшений.

So if you happen to come across Goldilocks in the forest, and you are curious as to why she is smiling you will know that she feels very good about getting very close to ‘JUST RIGHT’.

Generations of Evolution – some background on our data center designs

Так что, если вы встретите в лесу девочку по имени Лютик, и вам станет любопытно, почему она улыбается, вы будете знать, что она очень довольна тем, что очень близко подошла к ‘ОПИМАЛЬНОМУ РЕШЕНИЮ’.
Поколения эволюции – история развития наших дата-центров

We thought you might be interested in understanding what happened in the first three generations of our data center designs. When Ray Ozzie wrote his Software plus Services memo it posed a very interesting challenge to us. The winds of change were at ‘tornado’ proportions. That “plus Services” tag had some significant (and unstated) challenges inherent to it. The first was that Microsoft was going to evolve even further into an operations company. While we had been running large scale Internet services since 1995, this development lead us to an entirely new level. Additionally, these “services” would span across both Internet and Enterprise businesses. To those of you who have to operate “stuff”, you know that these are two very different worlds in operational models and challenges. It also meant that, to achieve the same level of reliability and performance required our infrastructure was going to have to scale globally and in a significant way.

Мы подумали, что может быть вам будет интересно узнать историю первых трех поколений наших центров обработки данных. Когда Рэй Оззи написал свою памятную записку Software plus Services, он поставил перед нами очень интересную задачу. Ветра перемен двигались с ураганной скоростью. Это окончание “plus Services” скрывало в себе какие-то значительные и неопределенные задачи. Первая заключалась в том, что Майкрософт собиралась в еще большей степени стать операционной компанией. Несмотря на то, что мы управляли большими интернет-сервисами, начиная с 1995 г., эта разработка подняла нас на абсолютно новый уровень. Кроме того, эти “сервисы” охватывали интернет-компании и корпорации. Тем, кому приходится всем этим управлять, известно, что есть два очень разных мира в области операционных моделей и задач. Это также означало, что для достижения такого же уровня надежности и производительности требовалось, чтобы наша инфраструктура располагала значительными возможностями расширения в глобальных масштабах.

It was that intense atmosphere of change that we first started re-evaluating data center technology and processes in general and our ideas began to reach farther than what was accepted by the industry at large. This was the era of Generation 1. As we look at where most of the world’s data centers are today (and where our facilities were), it represented all the known learning and design requirements that had been in place since IBM built the first purpose-built computer room. These facilities focused more around uptime, reliability and redundancy. Big infrastructure was held accountable to solve all potential environmental shortfalls. This is where the majority of infrastructure in the industry still is today.

Именно в этой атмосфере серьезных изменений мы впервые начали переоценку ЦОД-технологий и технологий вообще, и наши идеи начали выходить за пределы общепринятых в отрасли представлений. Это была эпоха ЦОД первого поколения. Когда мы узнали, где сегодня располагается большинство мировых дата-центров и где находятся наши предприятия, это представляло весь опыт и навыки проектирования, накопленные со времени, когда IBM построила первую серверную. В этих ЦОД больше внимания уделялось бесперебойной работе, надежности и резервированию. Большая инфраструктура была призвана решать все потенциальные экологические проблемы. Сегодня большая часть инфраструктуры все еще находится на этом этапе своего развития.

We soon realized that traditional data centers were quickly becoming outdated. They were not keeping up with the demands of what was happening technologically and environmentally. That’s when we kicked off our Generation 2 design. Gen 2 facilities started taking into account sustainability, energy efficiency, and really looking at the total cost of energy and operations.

Очень быстро мы поняли, что стандартные дата-центры очень быстро становятся устаревшими. Они не поспевали за темпами изменений технологических и экологических требований. Именно тогда мы стали разрабатывать ЦОД второго поколения. В этих дата-центрах Gen 2 стали принимать во внимание такие факторы как устойчивое развитие, энергетическая эффективность, а также общие энергетические и эксплуатационные.

No longer did we view data centers just for the upfront capital costs, but we took a hard look at the facility over the course of its life. Our Quincy, Washington and San Antonio, Texas facilities are examples of our Gen 2 data centers where we explored and implemented new ways to lessen the impact on the environment. These facilities are considered two leading industry examples, based on their energy efficiency and ability to run and operate at new levels of scale and performance by leveraging clean hydro power (Quincy) and recycled waste water (San Antonio) to cool the facility during peak cooling months.

Мы больше не рассматривали дата-центры только с точки зрения начальных капитальных затрат, а внимательно следили за работой ЦОД на протяжении его срока службы. Наши объекты в Куинси, Вашингтоне, и Сан-Антонио, Техас, являются образцами наших ЦОД второго поколения, в которых мы изучали и применяли на практике новые способы снижения воздействия на окружающую среду. Эти объекты считаются двумя ведущими отраслевыми примерами, исходя из их энергетической эффективности и способности работать на новых уровнях производительности, основанных на использовании чистой энергии воды (Куинси) и рециклирования отработанной воды (Сан-Антонио) для охлаждения объекта в самых жарких месяцах.

As we were delivering our Gen 2 facilities into steel and concrete, our Generation 3 facilities were rapidly driving the evolution of the program. The key concepts for our Gen 3 design are increased modularity and greater concentration around energy efficiency and scale. The Gen 3 facility will be best represented by the Chicago, Illinois facility currently under construction. This facility will seem very foreign compared to the traditional data center concepts most of the industry is comfortable with. In fact, if you ever sit around in our container hanger in Chicago it will look incredibly different from a traditional raised-floor data center. We anticipate this modularization will drive huge efficiencies in terms of cost and operations for our business. We will also introduce significant changes in the environmental systems used to run our facilities. These concepts and processes (where applicable) will help us gain even greater efficiencies in our existing footprint, allowing us to further maximize infrastructure investments.

Так как наши ЦОД второго поколения строились из стали и бетона, наши центры обработки данных третьего поколения начали их быстро вытеснять. Главными концептуальными особенностями ЦОД третьего поколения Gen 3 являются повышенная модульность и большее внимание к энергетической эффективности и масштабированию. Дата-центры третьего поколения лучше всего представлены объектом, который в настоящее время строится в Чикаго, Иллинойс. Этот ЦОД будет выглядеть очень необычно, по сравнению с общепринятыми в отрасли представлениями о дата-центре. Действительно, если вам когда-либо удастся побывать в нашем контейнерном ангаре в Чикаго, он покажется вам совершенно непохожим на обычный дата-центр с фальшполом. Мы предполагаем, что этот модульный подход будет способствовать значительному повышению эффективности нашего бизнеса в отношении затрат и операций. Мы также внесем существенные изменения в климатические системы, используемые в наших ЦОД. Эти концепции и технологии, если применимо, позволят нам добиться еще большей эффективности наших существующих дата-центров, и тем самым еще больше увеличивать капиталовложения в инфраструктуру.

This is definitely a journey, not a destination industry. In fact, our Generation 4 design has been under heavy engineering for viability and cost for over a year. While the demand of our commercial growth required us to make investments as we grew, we treated each step in the learning as a process for further innovation in data centers. The design for our future Gen 4 facilities enabled us to make visionary advances that addressed the challenges of building, running, and operating facilities all in one concerted effort.

Это определенно путешествие, а не конечный пункт назначения. На самом деле, наш проект ЦОД четвертого поколения подвергался серьезным испытаниям на жизнеспособность и затраты на протяжении целого года. Хотя необходимость в коммерческом росте требовала от нас постоянных капиталовложений, мы рассматривали каждый этап своего развития как шаг к будущим инновациям в области дата-центров. Проект наших будущих ЦОД четвертого поколения Gen 4 позволил нам делать фантастические предположения, которые касались задач строительства, управления и эксплуатации объектов как единого упорядоченного процесса.

Тематики
- ЦОДы (центры обработки данных)
Синонимы
- модульный ЦОД
EN
- modular data center
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
12 modular data center
1. модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
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[Интент]

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

[ http://loosebolts.wordpress.com/2008/12/02/our-vision-for-generation-4-modular-data-centers-one-way-of-getting-it-just-right/]

[ http://dcnt.ru/?p=9299#more-9299]

Data Centers are a hot topic these days. No matter where you look, this once obscure aspect of infrastructure is getting a lot of attention. For years, there have been cost pressures on IT operations and this, when the need for modern capacity is greater than ever, has thrust data centers into the spotlight. Server and rack density continues to rise, placing DC professionals and businesses in tighter and tougher situations while they struggle to manage their IT environments. And now hyper-scale cloud infrastructure is taking traditional technologies to limits never explored before and focusing the imagination of the IT industry on new possibilities.

В настоящее время центры обработки данных являются широко обсуждаемой темой. Куда ни посмотришь, этот некогда малоизвестный аспект инфраструктуры привлекает все больше внимания. Годами ИТ-отделы испытывали нехватку средств и это выдвинуло ЦОДы в центр внимания, в то время, когда необходимость в современных ЦОДах стала как никогда высокой. Плотность серверов и стоек продолжают расти, все больше усложняя ситуацию для специалистов в области охлаждения и организаций в их попытках управлять своими ИТ-средами. И теперь гипермасштабируемая облачная инфраструктура подвергает традиционные технологии невиданным ранее нагрузкам, и заставляет ИТ-индустрию искать новые возможности.

At Microsoft, we have focused a lot of thought and research around how to best operate and maintain our global infrastructure and we want to share those learnings. While obviously there are some aspects that we keep to ourselves, we have shared how we operate facilities daily, our technologies and methodologies, and, most importantly, how we monitor and manage our facilities. Whether it’s speaking at industry events, inviting customers to our “Microsoft data center conferences” held in our data centers, or through other media like blogging and white papers, we believe sharing best practices is paramount and will drive the industry forward. So in that vein, we have some interesting news to share.

В компании MicroSoft уделяют большое внимание изучению наилучших методов эксплуатации и технического обслуживания своей глобальной инфраструктуры и делятся результатами своих исследований. И хотя мы, конечно, не раскрываем некоторые аспекты своих исследований, мы делимся повседневным опытом эксплуатации дата-центров, своими технологиями и методологиями и, что важнее всего, методами контроля и управления своими объектами. Будь то доклады на отраслевых событиях, приглашение клиентов на наши конференции, которые посвящены центрам обработки данных MicroSoft, и проводятся в этих самых дата-центрах, или использование других средств, например, блоги и спецификации, мы уверены, что обмен передовым опытом имеет первостепенное значение и будет продвигать отрасль вперед.

Today we are sharing our Generation 4 Modular Data Center plan. This is our vision and will be the foundation of our cloud data center infrastructure in the next five years. We believe it is one of the most revolutionary changes to happen to data centers in the last 30 years. Joining me, in writing this blog are Daniel Costello, my director of Data Center Research and Engineering and Christian Belady, principal power and cooling architect. I feel their voices will add significant value to driving understanding around the many benefits included in this new design paradigm.

Сейчас мы хотим поделиться своим планом модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения. Это наше видение и оно будет основанием для инфраструктуры наших облачных дата-центров в ближайшие пять лет. Мы считаем, что это одно из самых революционных изменений в дата-центрах за последние 30 лет. Вместе со мной в написании этого блога участвовали Дэниел Костелло, директор по исследованиям и инжинирингу дата-центров, и Кристиан Белади, главный архитектор систем энергоснабжения и охлаждения. Мне кажется, что их авторитет придаст больше веса большому количеству преимуществ, включенных в эту новую парадигму проектирования.

Our “Gen 4” modular data centers will take the flexibility of containerized servers—like those in our Chicago data center—and apply it across the entire facility. So what do we mean by modular? Think of it like “building blocks”, where the data center will be composed of modular units of prefabricated mechanical, electrical, security components, etc., in addition to containerized servers.

Was there a key driver for the Generation 4 Data Center?

Наши модульные дата-центры “Gen 4” будут гибкими с контейнерами серверов – как серверы в нашем чикагском дата-центре. И гибкость будет применяться ко всему ЦОД. Итак, что мы подразумеваем под модульностью? Мы думаем о ней как о “строительных блоках”, где дата-центр будет состоять из модульных блоков изготовленных в заводских условиях электрических систем и систем охлаждения, а также систем безопасности и т.п., в дополнение к контейнеризованным серверам.
Был ли ключевой стимул для разработки дата-центра четвертого поколения?

If we were to summarize the promise of our Gen 4 design into a single sentence it would be something like this: “A highly modular, scalable, efficient, just-in-time data center capacity program that can be delivered anywhere in the world very quickly and cheaply, while allowing for continued growth as required.” Sounds too good to be true, doesn’t it? Well, keep in mind that these concepts have been in initial development and prototyping for over a year and are based on cumulative knowledge of previous facility generations and the advances we have made since we began our investments in earnest on this new design.

Если бы нам нужно было обобщить достоинства нашего проекта Gen 4 в одном предложении, это выглядело бы следующим образом: “Центр обработки данных с высоким уровнем модульности, расширяемости, и энергетической эффективности, а также возможностью постоянного расширения, в случае необходимости, который можно очень быстро и дешево развертывать в любом месте мира”. Звучит слишком хорошо для того чтобы быть правдой, не так ли? Ну, не забывайте, что эти концепции находились в процессе начальной разработки и создания опытного образца в течение более одного года и основываются на опыте, накопленном в ходе развития предыдущих поколений ЦОД, а также успехах, сделанных нами со времени, когда мы начали вкладывать серьезные средства в этот новый проект.

One of the biggest challenges we’ve had at Microsoft is something Mike likes to call the ‘Goldilock’s Problem’. In a nutshell, the problem can be stated as:

The worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is not have enough capacity online, thus limiting the growth of our products and services.

Одну из самых больших проблем, с которыми приходилось сталкиваться Майкрософт, Майк любит называть ‘Проблемой Лютика’. Вкратце, эту проблему можно выразить следующим образом:

Самое худшее, что может быть при строительстве ЦОД для бизнеса, это не располагать достаточными производственными мощностями, и тем самым ограничивать рост наших продуктов и сервисов.

The second worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is to have too much capacity online.

А вторым самым худшим моментом в этой сфере может слишком большое количество производственных мощностей.

This has led to a focus on smart, intelligent growth for the business — refining our overall demand picture. It can’t be too hot. It can’t be too cold. It has to be ‘Just Right!’ The capital dollars of investment are too large to make without long term planning. As we struggled to master these interesting challenges, we had to ensure that our technological plan also included solutions for the business and operational challenges we faced as well.
So let’s take a high level look at our Generation 4 design

Это заставило нас сосредоточиваться на интеллектуальном росте для бизнеса — refining our overall demand picture. Это не должно быть слишком горячим. И это не должно быть слишком холодным. Это должно быть ‘как раз, таким как надо!’ Нельзя делать такие большие капиталовложения без долгосрочного планирования. Пока мы старались решить эти интересные проблемы, мы должны были гарантировать, что наш технологический план будет также включать решения для коммерческих и эксплуатационных проблем, с которыми нам также приходилось сталкиваться.
Давайте рассмотрим наш проект дата-центра четвертого поколения

Are you ready for some great visuals? Check out this video at Soapbox. Click here for the Microsoft 4th Gen Video.

It’s a concept video that came out of my Data Center Research and Engineering team, under Daniel Costello, that will give you a view into what we think is the future.

From a configuration, construct-ability and time to market perspective, our primary goals and objectives are to modularize the whole data center. Not just the server side (like the Chicago facility), but the mechanical and electrical space as well. This means using the same kind of parts in pre-manufactured modules, the ability to use containers, skids, or rack-based deployments and the ability to tailor the Redundancy and Reliability requirements to the application at a very specific level.

Посмотрите это видео, перейдите по ссылке для просмотра видео о Microsoft 4th Gen:

Это концептуальное видео, созданное командой отдела Data Center Research and Engineering, возглавляемого Дэниелом Костелло, которое даст вам наше представление о будущем.

С точки зрения конфигурации, строительной технологичности и времени вывода на рынок, нашими главными целями и задачами агрегатирование всего дата-центра. Не только серверную часть, как дата-центр в Чикаго, но также системы охлаждения и электрические системы. Это означает применение деталей одного типа в сборных модулях, возможность использования контейнеров, салазок, или стоечных систем, а также возможность подстраивать требования избыточности и надежности для данного приложения на очень специфичном уровне.

Our goals from a cost perspective were simple in concept but tough to deliver. First and foremost, we had to reduce the capital cost per critical Mega Watt by the class of use. Some applications can run with N-level redundancy in the infrastructure, others require a little more infrastructure for support. These different classes of infrastructure requirements meant that optimizing for all cost classes was paramount. At Microsoft, we are not a one trick pony and have many Online products and services (240+) that require different levels of operational support. We understand that and ensured that we addressed it in our design which will allow us to reduce capital costs by 20%-40% or greater depending upon class.

Нашими целями в области затрат были концептуально простыми, но трудно реализуемыми. В первую очередь мы должны были снизить капитальные затраты в пересчете на один мегаватт, в зависимости от класса резервирования. Некоторые приложения могут вполне работать на базе инфраструктуры с резервированием на уровне N, то есть без резервирования, а для работы других приложений требуется больше инфраструктуры. Эти разные классы требований инфраструктуры подразумевали, что оптимизация всех классов затрат имеет преобладающее значение. В Майкрософт мы не ограничиваемся одним решением и располагаем большим количеством интерактивных продуктов и сервисов (240+), которым требуются разные уровни эксплуатационной поддержки. Мы понимаем это, и учитываем это в своем проекте, который позволит нам сокращать капитальные затраты на 20%-40% или более в зависимости от класса.

For example, non-critical or geo redundant applications have low hardware reliability requirements on a location basis. As a result, Gen 4 can be configured to provide stripped down, low-cost infrastructure with little or no redundancy and/or temperature control. Let’s say an Online service team decides that due to the dramatically lower cost, they will simply use uncontrolled outside air with temperatures ranging 10-35 C and 20-80% RH. The reality is we are already spec-ing this for all of our servers today and working with server vendors to broaden that range even further as Gen 4 becomes a reality. For this class of infrastructure, we eliminate generators, chillers, UPSs, and possibly lower costs relative to traditional infrastructure.

Например, некритичные или гео-избыточные системы имеют низкие требования к аппаратной надежности на основе местоположения. В результате этого, Gen 4 можно конфигурировать для упрощенной, недорогой инфраструктуры с низким уровнем (или вообще без резервирования) резервирования и / или температурного контроля. Скажем, команда интерактивного сервиса решает, что, в связи с намного меньшими затратами, они будут просто использовать некондиционированный наружный воздух с температурой 10-35°C и влажностью 20-80% RH. В реальности мы уже сегодня предъявляем эти требования к своим серверам и работаем с поставщиками серверов над еще большим расширением диапазона температур, так как наш модуль и подход Gen 4 становится реальностью. Для подобного класса инфраструктуры мы удаляем генераторы, чиллеры, ИБП, и, возможно, будем предлагать более низкие затраты, по сравнению с традиционной инфраструктурой.

Applications that demand higher level of redundancy or temperature control will use configurations of Gen 4 to meet those needs, however, they will also cost more (but still less than traditional data centers). We see this cost difference driving engineering behavioral change in that we predict more applications will drive towards Geo redundancy to lower costs.

Системы, которым требуется более высокий уровень резервирования или температурного контроля, будут использовать конфигурации Gen 4, отвечающие этим требованиям, однако, они будут также стоить больше. Но все равно они будут стоить меньше, чем традиционные дата-центры. Мы предвидим, что эти различия в затратах будут вызывать изменения в методах инжиниринга, и по нашим прогнозам, это будет выражаться в переходе все большего числа систем на гео-избыточность и меньшие затраты.

Another cool thing about Gen 4 is that it allows us to deploy capacity when our demand dictates it. Once finalized, we will no longer need to make large upfront investments. Imagine driving capital costs more closely in-line with actual demand, thus greatly reducing time-to-market and adding the capacity Online inherent in the design. Also reduced is the amount of construction labor required to put these “building blocks” together. Since the entire platform requires pre-manufacture of its core components, on-site construction costs are lowered. This allows us to maximize our return on invested capital.

Еще одно достоинство Gen 4 состоит в том, что он позволяет нам разворачивать дополнительные мощности, когда нам это необходимо. Как только мы закончим проект, нам больше не нужно будет делать большие начальные капиталовложения. Представьте себе возможность более точного согласования капитальных затрат с реальными требованиями, и тем самым значительного снижения времени вывода на рынок и интерактивного добавления мощностей, предусматриваемого проектом. Также снижен объем строительных работ, требуемых для сборки этих “строительных блоков”. Поскольку вся платформа требует предварительного изготовления ее базовых компонентов, затраты на сборку также снижены. Это позволит нам увеличить до максимума окупаемость своих капиталовложений.
Мы все подвергаем сомнению

In our design process, we questioned everything. You may notice there is no roof and some might be uncomfortable with this. We explored the need of one and throughout our research we got some surprising (positive) results that showed one wasn’t needed.

В своем процессе проектирования мы все подвергаем сомнению. Вы, наверное, обратили внимание на отсутствие крыши, и некоторым специалистам это могло не понравиться. Мы изучили необходимость в крыше и в ходе своих исследований получили удивительные результаты, которые показали, что крыша не нужна.
Серийное производство дата центров

In short, we are striving to bring Henry Ford’s Model T factory to the data center. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford#Model_T. Gen 4 will move data centers from a custom design and build model to a commoditized manufacturing approach. We intend to have our components built in factories and then assemble them in one location (the data center site) very quickly. Think about how a computer, car or plane is built today. Components are manufactured by different companies all over the world to a predefined spec and then integrated in one location based on demands and feature requirements. And just like Henry Ford’s assembly line drove the cost of building and the time-to-market down dramatically for the automobile industry, we expect Gen 4 to do the same for data centers. Everything will be pre-manufactured and assembled on the pad.

Мы хотим применить модель автомобильной фабрики Генри Форда к дата-центру. Проект Gen 4 будет способствовать переходу от модели специализированного проектирования и строительства к товарно-производственному, серийному подходу. Мы намерены изготавливать свои компоненты на заводах, а затем очень быстро собирать их в одном месте, в месте строительства дата-центра. Подумайте о том, как сегодня изготавливается компьютер, автомобиль или самолет. Компоненты изготавливаются по заранее определенным спецификациям разными компаниями во всем мире, затем собираются в одном месте на основе спроса и требуемых характеристик. И точно так же как сборочный конвейер Генри Форда привел к значительному уменьшению затрат на производство и времени вывода на рынок в автомобильной промышленности, мы надеемся, что Gen 4 сделает то же самое для дата-центров. Все будет предварительно изготавливаться и собираться на месте.
Невероятно энергоэффективный ЦОД

And did we mention that this platform will be, overall, incredibly energy efficient? From a total energy perspective not only will we have remarkable PUE values, but the total cost of energy going into the facility will be greatly reduced as well. How much energy goes into making concrete? Will we need as much of it? How much energy goes into the fuel of the construction vehicles? This will also be greatly reduced! A key driver is our goal to achieve an average PUE at or below 1.125 by 2012 across our data centers. More than that, we are on a mission to reduce the overall amount of copper and water used in these facilities. We believe these will be the next areas of industry attention when and if the energy problem is solved. So we are asking today…“how can we build a data center with less building”?

А мы упоминали, что эта платформа будет, в общем, невероятно энергоэффективной? С точки зрения общей энергии, мы получим не только поразительные значения PUE, но общая стоимость энергии, затраченной на объект будет также значительно снижена. Сколько энергии идет на производство бетона? Нам нужно будет столько энергии? Сколько энергии идет на питание инженерных строительных машин? Это тоже будет значительно снижено! Главным стимулом является достижение среднего PUE не больше 1.125 для всех наших дата-центров к 2012 году. Более того, у нас есть задача сокращения общего количества меди и воды в дата-центрах. Мы думаем, что эти задачи станут следующей заботой отрасли после того как будет решена энергетическая проблема. Итак, сегодня мы спрашиваем себя…“как можно построить дата-центр с меньшим объемом строительных работ”?
Строительство дата центров без чиллеров

We have talked openly and publicly about building chiller-less data centers and running our facilities using aggressive outside economization. Our sincerest hope is that Gen 4 will completely eliminate the use of water. Today’s data centers use massive amounts of water and we see water as the next scarce resource and have decided to take a proactive stance on making water conservation part of our plan.

Мы открыто и публично говорили о строительстве дата-центров без чиллеров и активном использовании в наших центрах обработки данных технологий свободного охлаждения или фрикулинга. Мы искренне надеемся, что Gen 4 позволит полностью отказаться от использования воды. Современные дата-центры расходуют большие объемы воды и так как мы считаем воду следующим редким ресурсом, мы решили принять упреждающие меры и включить экономию воды в свой план.

By sharing this with the industry, we believe everyone can benefit from our methodology. While this concept and approach may be intimidating (or downright frightening) to some in the industry, disclosure ultimately is better for all of us.

Делясь этим опытом с отраслью, мы считаем, что каждый сможет извлечь выгоду из нашей методологией. Хотя эта концепция и подход могут показаться пугающими (или откровенно страшными) для некоторых отраслевых специалистов, раскрывая свои планы мы, в конечном счете, делаем лучше для всех нас.

Gen 4 design (even more than just containers), could reduce the ‘religious’ debates in our industry. With the central spine infrastructure in place, containers or pre-manufactured server halls can be either AC or DC, air-side economized or water-side economized, or not economized at all (though the sanity of that might be questioned). Gen 4 will allow us to decommission, repair and upgrade quickly because everything is modular. No longer will we be governed by the initial decisions made when constructing the facility. We will have almost unlimited use and re-use of the facility and site. We will also be able to use power in an ultra-fluid fashion moving load from critical to non-critical as use and capacity requirements dictate.

Проект Gen 4 позволит уменьшить ‘религиозные’ споры в нашей отрасли. Располагая базовой инфраструктурой, контейнеры или сборные серверные могут оборудоваться системами переменного или постоянного тока, воздушными или водяными экономайзерами, или вообще не использовать экономайзеры. Хотя можно подвергать сомнению разумность такого решения. Gen 4 позволит нам быстро выполнять работы по выводу из эксплуатации, ремонту и модернизации, поскольку все будет модульным. Мы больше не будем руководствоваться начальными решениями, принятыми во время строительства дата-центра. Мы сможем использовать этот дата-центр и инфраструктуру в течение почти неограниченного периода времени. Мы также сможем применять сверхгибкие методы использования электрической энергии, переводя оборудование в режимы критической или некритической нагрузки в соответствии с требуемой мощностью.
Gen 4 – это стандартная платформа

Finally, we believe this is a big game changer. Gen 4 will provide a standard platform that our industry can innovate around. For example, all modules in our Gen 4 will have common interfaces clearly defined by our specs and any vendor that meets these specifications will be able to plug into our infrastructure. Whether you are a computer vendor, UPS vendor, generator vendor, etc., you will be able to plug and play into our infrastructure. This means we can also source anyone, anywhere on the globe to minimize costs and maximize performance. We want to help motivate the industry to further innovate—with innovations from which everyone can reap the benefits.

Наконец, мы уверены, что это будет фактором, который значительно изменит ситуацию. Gen 4 будет представлять собой стандартную платформу, которую отрасль сможет обновлять. Например, все модули в нашем Gen 4 будут иметь общепринятые интерфейсы, четко определяемые нашими спецификациями, и оборудование любого поставщика, которое отвечает этим спецификациям можно будет включать в нашу инфраструктуру. Независимо от того производите вы компьютеры, ИБП, генераторы и т.п., вы сможете включать свое оборудование нашу инфраструктуру. Это означает, что мы также сможем обеспечивать всех, в любом месте земного шара, тем самым сводя до минимума затраты и максимальной увеличивая производительность. Мы хотим создать в отрасли мотивацию для дальнейших инноваций – инноваций, от которых каждый сможет получать выгоду.
Главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen4

To summarize, the key characteristics of our Generation 4 data centers are:

Scalable
Plug-and-play spine infrastructure
Factory pre-assembled: Pre-Assembled Containers (PACs) & Pre-Manufactured Buildings (PMBs)
Rapid deployment
De-mountable
Reduce TTM
Reduced construction
Sustainable measures

Ниже приведены главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen 4:

Расширяемость;
Готовая к использованию базовая инфраструктура;
Изготовление в заводских условиях: сборные контейнеры (PAC) и сборные здания (PMB);
Быстрота развертывания;
Возможность демонтажа;
Снижение времени вывода на рынок (TTM);
Сокращение сроков строительства;
Экологичность;

Map applications to DC Class

We hope you join us on this incredible journey of change and innovation!

Long hours of research and engineering time are invested into this process. There are still some long days and nights ahead, but the vision is clear. Rest assured however, that we as refine Generation 4, the team will soon be looking to Generation 5 (even if it is a bit farther out). There is always room to get better.

Использование систем электропитания постоянного тока.

Мы надеемся, что вы присоединитесь к нам в этом невероятном путешествии по миру изменений и инноваций!

На этот проект уже потрачены долгие часы исследований и проектирования. И еще предстоит потратить много дней и ночей, но мы имеем четкое представление о конечной цели. Однако будьте уверены, что как только мы доведем до конца проект модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения, мы вскоре начнем думать о проекте дата-центра пятого поколения. Всегда есть возможность для улучшений.

So if you happen to come across Goldilocks in the forest, and you are curious as to why she is smiling you will know that she feels very good about getting very close to ‘JUST RIGHT’.

Generations of Evolution – some background on our data center designs

Так что, если вы встретите в лесу девочку по имени Лютик, и вам станет любопытно, почему она улыбается, вы будете знать, что она очень довольна тем, что очень близко подошла к ‘ОПИМАЛЬНОМУ РЕШЕНИЮ’.
Поколения эволюции – история развития наших дата-центров

We thought you might be interested in understanding what happened in the first three generations of our data center designs. When Ray Ozzie wrote his Software plus Services memo it posed a very interesting challenge to us. The winds of change were at ‘tornado’ proportions. That “plus Services” tag had some significant (and unstated) challenges inherent to it. The first was that Microsoft was going to evolve even further into an operations company. While we had been running large scale Internet services since 1995, this development lead us to an entirely new level. Additionally, these “services” would span across both Internet and Enterprise businesses. To those of you who have to operate “stuff”, you know that these are two very different worlds in operational models and challenges. It also meant that, to achieve the same level of reliability and performance required our infrastructure was going to have to scale globally and in a significant way.

Мы подумали, что может быть вам будет интересно узнать историю первых трех поколений наших центров обработки данных. Когда Рэй Оззи написал свою памятную записку Software plus Services, он поставил перед нами очень интересную задачу. Ветра перемен двигались с ураганной скоростью. Это окончание “plus Services” скрывало в себе какие-то значительные и неопределенные задачи. Первая заключалась в том, что Майкрософт собиралась в еще большей степени стать операционной компанией. Несмотря на то, что мы управляли большими интернет-сервисами, начиная с 1995 г., эта разработка подняла нас на абсолютно новый уровень. Кроме того, эти “сервисы” охватывали интернет-компании и корпорации. Тем, кому приходится всем этим управлять, известно, что есть два очень разных мира в области операционных моделей и задач. Это также означало, что для достижения такого же уровня надежности и производительности требовалось, чтобы наша инфраструктура располагала значительными возможностями расширения в глобальных масштабах.

It was that intense atmosphere of change that we first started re-evaluating data center technology and processes in general and our ideas began to reach farther than what was accepted by the industry at large. This was the era of Generation 1. As we look at where most of the world’s data centers are today (and where our facilities were), it represented all the known learning and design requirements that had been in place since IBM built the first purpose-built computer room. These facilities focused more around uptime, reliability and redundancy. Big infrastructure was held accountable to solve all potential environmental shortfalls. This is where the majority of infrastructure in the industry still is today.

Именно в этой атмосфере серьезных изменений мы впервые начали переоценку ЦОД-технологий и технологий вообще, и наши идеи начали выходить за пределы общепринятых в отрасли представлений. Это была эпоха ЦОД первого поколения. Когда мы узнали, где сегодня располагается большинство мировых дата-центров и где находятся наши предприятия, это представляло весь опыт и навыки проектирования, накопленные со времени, когда IBM построила первую серверную. В этих ЦОД больше внимания уделялось бесперебойной работе, надежности и резервированию. Большая инфраструктура была призвана решать все потенциальные экологические проблемы. Сегодня большая часть инфраструктуры все еще находится на этом этапе своего развития.

We soon realized that traditional data centers were quickly becoming outdated. They were not keeping up with the demands of what was happening technologically and environmentally. That’s when we kicked off our Generation 2 design. Gen 2 facilities started taking into account sustainability, energy efficiency, and really looking at the total cost of energy and operations.

Очень быстро мы поняли, что стандартные дата-центры очень быстро становятся устаревшими. Они не поспевали за темпами изменений технологических и экологических требований. Именно тогда мы стали разрабатывать ЦОД второго поколения. В этих дата-центрах Gen 2 стали принимать во внимание такие факторы как устойчивое развитие, энергетическая эффективность, а также общие энергетические и эксплуатационные.

No longer did we view data centers just for the upfront capital costs, but we took a hard look at the facility over the course of its life. Our Quincy, Washington and San Antonio, Texas facilities are examples of our Gen 2 data centers where we explored and implemented new ways to lessen the impact on the environment. These facilities are considered two leading industry examples, based on their energy efficiency and ability to run and operate at new levels of scale and performance by leveraging clean hydro power (Quincy) and recycled waste water (San Antonio) to cool the facility during peak cooling months.

Мы больше не рассматривали дата-центры только с точки зрения начальных капитальных затрат, а внимательно следили за работой ЦОД на протяжении его срока службы. Наши объекты в Куинси, Вашингтоне, и Сан-Антонио, Техас, являются образцами наших ЦОД второго поколения, в которых мы изучали и применяли на практике новые способы снижения воздействия на окружающую среду. Эти объекты считаются двумя ведущими отраслевыми примерами, исходя из их энергетической эффективности и способности работать на новых уровнях производительности, основанных на использовании чистой энергии воды (Куинси) и рециклирования отработанной воды (Сан-Антонио) для охлаждения объекта в самых жарких месяцах.

As we were delivering our Gen 2 facilities into steel and concrete, our Generation 3 facilities were rapidly driving the evolution of the program. The key concepts for our Gen 3 design are increased modularity and greater concentration around energy efficiency and scale. The Gen 3 facility will be best represented by the Chicago, Illinois facility currently under construction. This facility will seem very foreign compared to the traditional data center concepts most of the industry is comfortable with. In fact, if you ever sit around in our container hanger in Chicago it will look incredibly different from a traditional raised-floor data center. We anticipate this modularization will drive huge efficiencies in terms of cost and operations for our business. We will also introduce significant changes in the environmental systems used to run our facilities. These concepts and processes (where applicable) will help us gain even greater efficiencies in our existing footprint, allowing us to further maximize infrastructure investments.

Так как наши ЦОД второго поколения строились из стали и бетона, наши центры обработки данных третьего поколения начали их быстро вытеснять. Главными концептуальными особенностями ЦОД третьего поколения Gen 3 являются повышенная модульность и большее внимание к энергетической эффективности и масштабированию. Дата-центры третьего поколения лучше всего представлены объектом, который в настоящее время строится в Чикаго, Иллинойс. Этот ЦОД будет выглядеть очень необычно, по сравнению с общепринятыми в отрасли представлениями о дата-центре. Действительно, если вам когда-либо удастся побывать в нашем контейнерном ангаре в Чикаго, он покажется вам совершенно непохожим на обычный дата-центр с фальшполом. Мы предполагаем, что этот модульный подход будет способствовать значительному повышению эффективности нашего бизнеса в отношении затрат и операций. Мы также внесем существенные изменения в климатические системы, используемые в наших ЦОД. Эти концепции и технологии, если применимо, позволят нам добиться еще большей эффективности наших существующих дата-центров, и тем самым еще больше увеличивать капиталовложения в инфраструктуру.

This is definitely a journey, not a destination industry. In fact, our Generation 4 design has been under heavy engineering for viability and cost for over a year. While the demand of our commercial growth required us to make investments as we grew, we treated each step in the learning as a process for further innovation in data centers. The design for our future Gen 4 facilities enabled us to make visionary advances that addressed the challenges of building, running, and operating facilities all in one concerted effort.

Это определенно путешествие, а не конечный пункт назначения. На самом деле, наш проект ЦОД четвертого поколения подвергался серьезным испытаниям на жизнеспособность и затраты на протяжении целого года. Хотя необходимость в коммерческом росте требовала от нас постоянных капиталовложений, мы рассматривали каждый этап своего развития как шаг к будущим инновациям в области дата-центров. Проект наших будущих ЦОД четвертого поколения Gen 4 позволил нам делать фантастические предположения, которые касались задач строительства, управления и эксплуатации объектов как единого упорядоченного процесса.

Тематики
- ЦОДы (центры обработки данных)
Синонимы
- модульный ЦОД
EN
- modular data center
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > modular data center
13 comer

v.

1 to eat (ingerir alimentos).

no come carne casi nunca she hardly ever eats meat

¿qué hay de comer? what's for lunch?; (al mediodía) what's for dinner? (a noche)

comer fuera to go out for lunch (al mediodía)

¡a comer, chicos! lunch is/dinner's/etc ready, children!

dar de comer to feed

2 to take, to capture.

me comió un alfil he took one of my bishops

3 to eat up.

les come la envidia they're eaten up with envy

eso me come mucho tiempo that takes up a lot of my time

* * *

comer

► verbo transitivo

1 to eat

■ comer pescado to eat fish

2 (tomar) to have

■ para cenar comimos sopa we had soup for dinner

3 (color) to fade

4 (corroer) to corrode

5 figurado (gastar) to eat away; (combustible) to use, use up

6 (en ajedrez) to take, capture

► verbo intransitivo

1 (gen) to eat; (a mediodía) to have lunch, lunch; (por la noche) to have dinner, dine

■ ayer comimos a las dos yesterday we had lunch at two

■ mañana vamos a comer fuera tomorrow we're going to eat out

■ David me ha invitado a comer David's invited me to lunch

► nombre masculino

1 eating

► verbo pronominal comerse

1 to eat

■ se lo comió todo he ate all of it

2 figurado (saltarse) to omit; (párrafo) to skip; (palabra) to swallow

■ se come las palabras she doesn't pronounce her words very clearly

3 (color) to fade

4 (el mar, la tierra) to swallow

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

comer como un pajarito familiar not to eat enough to feed a sparrow

comer como una lima / comer como un regimiento / comer por cuatro familiar to eat like a horse

come con los ojos his (her, your, etc) eyes are bigger than his (her, your, etc) belly

comerse a alguien a besos figurado to smother somebody with kisses

comerse a alguien con los ojos figurado to look at somebody lovingly

comerse algo con los ojos familiar to devour something with one's eyes

comerse las uñas to bite one's nails

¿con qué se come eso? familiar what the heck is that?

dar de comer to feed

echar de comer (a los animales) to feed (the animals)

está para comérsela familiar (mujer) she's really tasty

me come la envidia figurado I'm green with envy

no tener qué comer not to have enough to live on

ser de buen comer to be a good eater

sin comerlo ni beberlo familiar without having had anything to do with it

* * *

verb

to eat

- dar de comer

* * *

1. VT

1) [+ comida] to eat

¿quieres comer algo? — would you like something to eat?

no tienen qué comer — they have nothing to eat

sin comerlo ni beberlo —

sin comerlo ni beberlo, me vi envuelto en un caso de contrabando de drogas — without really knowing how, I found myself involved in a drug smuggling case

ha recibido una herencia sin comerlo ni beberlo — he's come into an inheritance without having done anything to deserve it
coco I, 2), tarro 2)
2) (=almorzar) to have for lunch, eat for lunch

los domingos suelo comer paella — on Sundays I usually have paella for lunch

3) (=hacer desaparecer)

el pelo te come la cara — your hair's covering half your face

esto come las existencias — this devours the stocks

poco a poco el polvo fue comiendo la casa — dust gradually took over the house

• comer terreno, la derecha les está comiendo terreno — the right is gaining ground on them

el equipo se dejó comer el terreno — the team conceded a lot of ground

4) (=destruir, consumir)

un ácido que come la plata — an acid that corrodes silver

el agua comió la piedra — the water wore down the stone

eso les come la moral — that's eating away at their morale

le come la envidia por dentro — she is eaten up o consumed with envy

5) (=escocer)

el picor me come la pierna — my leg's stinging

6) (Ajedrez) to take

2. VI

1) (=ingerir alimento) to eat

¿qué hay para comer? — what have we got to eat?, what is there to eat?

los leones tienen que cazar para comer — lions have to hunt to eat

¡come y calla! — shut up and eat your food! *

• comer de algo — (=tomar comida) to eat sth; (=vivir) to live off sth

come de los platos de los demás — she eats other people's food

no todos podemos comer de lo que cultivamos — not all of us can live off what we grow ourselves

• comer fuera — to eat out

comer con los ojos —

siempre comes con o por los ojos — your eyes are bigger than your stomach

- comer como una vaca o fiera

- no comer ni dejar comer

- el mismo que come y viste

2) (=tomar la comida principal) esp Esp [a mediodía] to have lunch; LAm [por la noche] to have dinner

comemos a la una — we have lunch at one

me gusta comer fuerte y cenar poco — I like to have a big lunch and a light evening meal

3)

• dar de comer — to feed

estaba dando de comer al niño — she was feeding her child

dar de comer a las gallinas — to feed the hens

ni siquiera nos dio de comer — she didn't even give us anything to eat

4) And
***
comer a algn — to screw sb ***

3.

See:

comerse

* * *
I 1.
verbo intransitivo

1)

a) ( tomar alimentos) to eat

no tengo ganas de comer — I'm not hungry

este niño no me come nada — (fam) this child won't eat anything (colloq)

comer como un sabañón or (Esp) una lima or (Méx) un pelón de hospicio — (fam) to eat like a horse

b)

dar de comer — to feed

dar(le) de comer a alguien (en la boca) — to spoonfeed somebody

darle de comer al gato/al niño — to feed the cat/the kid

come y calla! — shut up and do as you're told

2)

a) ( tomar una comida) to eat

todavía no hemos comido — we haven't eaten yet

salir a comer (fuera) — to go out for a meal, to eat out

a comer! — lunch (o dinner etc) is ready!

¿qué hay de comer? — ( a mediodía) what's for lunch?; ( por la noche) what's for dinner o supper?

aquí se come muy bien — the food here is very good

b) (esp Esp, Méx) ( almorzar) to have lunch, have dinner (BrE colloq)

nos invitaron a comer — they asked us to lunch

c) (esp AmL) ( cenar) to have dinner

comemos a las nueve — we have o eat dinner at nine
2.
comer vt

1) <fruta/verdura/carne> to eat

no puedo comer chocolate — I can't have o eat chocolate

come un poco de queso — have a little cheese

¿puedo comer otro? — can I have another one?

no tienen qué comer — they don't have anything to eat

mira el suéter, me lo comió la polilla — look at my sweater, the moths have been at it

como un cáncer que le come las entrañas — (liter) like a cancer gnawing away at his insides

sin comerlo ni beberlo — (Esp)

me llevé el castigo sin comerlo ni beberlo — I got punished even though I didn't have anything to do with it

¿(y) eso con qué se come? — (Esp fam) what on earth's that? (colloq)

2) (fam) ( hacer desaparecer) comerse 3

3) (en ajedrez, damas) to take
3.
comerse v pron

1) ( al escribir) <acento/palabra> to leave off; <línea/párrafo> to miss out; ( al hablar) < letra> to leave off; < palabra> to swallow

2)

a) (enf) < comida> to eat

cómetelo todo — eat it all up

comerse algo de un bocado — to gulp something down in one go

está para comérsela — (fam) she's really tasty (colloq)

comerse las uñas — to bite one's nails

se lo come la envidia — he's eaten up o consumed with envy

comerse a alguien vivo — (fam) to skin somebody alive (colloq)

b) (fam) ( ser muy superior) to surpass, overshadow

3) (enf) (fam) ( hacer desaparecer)

a) acido/óxido to eat away (at); polilla/ratón to eat away (at)

b) inflación/alquiler <sueldo/ahorros> to eat away at

el colegio de los niños se come casi todo el sueldo — almost all my salary goes on the children's school fees

se los va a comer la mugre — they'll be up to their ears in muck (colloq)

4) (Col fam) ( poseer sexualmente) to have (colloq)
II
masculino eating

una persona de buen comer — someone who enjoys his/her food

* * *

= eat, graze (on), dine, munch, nosh.

Ex. Even the fearsome shark knows enough not to drive away the pilot fish while it eats, nor does it make a meal of the pilot fish when food is scarce.

Ex. Whereas, before, the land was dense with stately white pines, now apple, plum, pear, peach, and cherry orchards stood in regimented rows and cattle grazed peacefully.

Ex. They drove from the airport to the restaurant where he was to dine with the president of the 'Friends of the Library' group.

Ex. People engage in a wide range of activities in libraries, from lively dialog while munching sandwiches and sipping soda, to flirting and caressing, to the more traditional activities of reading and information searching.

Ex. Several hundred fans noshed on gourmet sandwiches, pizza, pasta and fancy chips and dips.

----

* comer a dos carrillos = stuff + Posesivo + face.

* comer Algo para matar el gusanillo = eat + Comida + to keep + Nombre + going.

* comer carroña = scavenging.

* comer como una lima = eat like + a horse.

* comer como un animal = eat like + an animal.

* comer como una vaca = eat like + a horse.

* comer como un pajarito = eat like + a bird.

* comer como un sabañón = eat like + a horse.

* comer con apetito = eat with + appetite.

* comer en casa = eat in.

* comer fuera = eat out.

* comerse = make + a meal of, prey on/upon, chew up.

* comerse Algo vivo = eat + Nombre + alive.

* comerse con los ojos = ogle.

* comerse el tarro = dwell on/upon.

* comerse las uñas = bite + Posesivo + fingers, bite + Posesivo + fingernails.

* comerse los restos de = scavenge.

* comerse los restos dejados por otro = scavenge.

* comérselo todo = eat + Posesivo + way through.

* como el perro del hortelano que ni come ni deja comer = a dog in the manger.

* dar de comer = feed.

* descanso para comer = meal break.

* estar tan bueno que no se puede dejar de comer = moreish.

* ganas de comer = appetite.

* hora de comer = mealtime [meal time].

* juntarse el hambre con las ganas de comer = made for each other, be two of a kind, be a right pair.

* lugar para comer = eating facility.

* morder la mano del que + dar de comer = bite + the hand that feeds + Pronombre.

* naranja de comer = eating orange.

* no tener ganas de comer = be off + Posesivo + food, be off + Posesivo + oats.

* salir a comer = eat out.

* ser muy delicado para comer = be a picky eater.

* ser muy melindroso para comer = be a picky eater.

* ser muy tiquismiquis para comer = be a picky eater.

* sin comerlo ni beberlo = without having anything to do with it.

* sin comérselo ni bebérselo = without having anything to do with it.

* somos lo que comemos = we are what we eat.

* tú te lo guisas, tú te lo comes = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* * *
I 1.
verbo intransitivo

1)

a) ( tomar alimentos) to eat

no tengo ganas de comer — I'm not hungry

este niño no me come nada — (fam) this child won't eat anything (colloq)

comer como un sabañón or (Esp) una lima or (Méx) un pelón de hospicio — (fam) to eat like a horse

b)

dar de comer — to feed

dar(le) de comer a alguien (en la boca) — to spoonfeed somebody

darle de comer al gato/al niño — to feed the cat/the kid

come y calla! — shut up and do as you're told

2)

a) ( tomar una comida) to eat

todavía no hemos comido — we haven't eaten yet

salir a comer (fuera) — to go out for a meal, to eat out

a comer! — lunch (o dinner etc) is ready!

¿qué hay de comer? — ( a mediodía) what's for lunch?; ( por la noche) what's for dinner o supper?

aquí se come muy bien — the food here is very good

b) (esp Esp, Méx) ( almorzar) to have lunch, have dinner (BrE colloq)

nos invitaron a comer — they asked us to lunch

c) (esp AmL) ( cenar) to have dinner

comemos a las nueve — we have o eat dinner at nine
2.
comer vt

1) <fruta/verdura/carne> to eat

no puedo comer chocolate — I can't have o eat chocolate

come un poco de queso — have a little cheese

¿puedo comer otro? — can I have another one?

no tienen qué comer — they don't have anything to eat

mira el suéter, me lo comió la polilla — look at my sweater, the moths have been at it

como un cáncer que le come las entrañas — (liter) like a cancer gnawing away at his insides

sin comerlo ni beberlo — (Esp)

me llevé el castigo sin comerlo ni beberlo — I got punished even though I didn't have anything to do with it

¿(y) eso con qué se come? — (Esp fam) what on earth's that? (colloq)

2) (fam) ( hacer desaparecer) comerse 3

3) (en ajedrez, damas) to take
3.
comerse v pron

1) ( al escribir) <acento/palabra> to leave off; <línea/párrafo> to miss out; ( al hablar) < letra> to leave off; < palabra> to swallow

2)

a) (enf) < comida> to eat

cómetelo todo — eat it all up

comerse algo de un bocado — to gulp something down in one go

está para comérsela — (fam) she's really tasty (colloq)

comerse las uñas — to bite one's nails

se lo come la envidia — he's eaten up o consumed with envy

comerse a alguien vivo — (fam) to skin somebody alive (colloq)

b) (fam) ( ser muy superior) to surpass, overshadow

3) (enf) (fam) ( hacer desaparecer)

a) acido/óxido to eat away (at); polilla/ratón to eat away (at)

b) inflación/alquiler <sueldo/ahorros> to eat away at

el colegio de los niños se come casi todo el sueldo — almost all my salary goes on the children's school fees

se los va a comer la mugre — they'll be up to their ears in muck (colloq)

4) (Col fam) ( poseer sexualmente) to have (colloq)
II
masculino eating

una persona de buen comer — someone who enjoys his/her food

* * *

= eat, graze (on), dine, munch, nosh.

Ex: Even the fearsome shark knows enough not to drive away the pilot fish while it eats, nor does it make a meal of the pilot fish when food is scarce.

Ex: Whereas, before, the land was dense with stately white pines, now apple, plum, pear, peach, and cherry orchards stood in regimented rows and cattle grazed peacefully.

Ex: They drove from the airport to the restaurant where he was to dine with the president of the 'Friends of the Library' group.

Ex: People engage in a wide range of activities in libraries, from lively dialog while munching sandwiches and sipping soda, to flirting and caressing, to the more traditional activities of reading and information searching.

Ex: Several hundred fans noshed on gourmet sandwiches, pizza, pasta and fancy chips and dips.

* comer a dos carrillos = stuff + Posesivo + face.

* comer Algo para matar el gusanillo = eat + Comida + to keep + Nombre + going.

* comer carroña = scavenging.

* comer como una lima = eat like + a horse.

* comer como un animal = eat like + an animal.

* comer como una vaca = eat like + a horse.

* comer como un pajarito = eat like + a bird.

* comer como un sabañón = eat like + a horse.

* comer con apetito = eat with + appetite.

* comer en casa = eat in.

* comer fuera = eat out.

* comerse = make + a meal of, prey on/upon, chew up.

* comerse Algo vivo = eat + Nombre + alive.

* comerse con los ojos = ogle.

* comerse el tarro = dwell on/upon.

* comerse las uñas = bite + Posesivo + fingers, bite + Posesivo + fingernails.

* comerse los restos de = scavenge.

* comerse los restos dejados por otro = scavenge.

* comérselo todo = eat + Posesivo + way through.

* como el perro del hortelano que ni come ni deja comer = a dog in the manger.

* dar de comer = feed.

* descanso para comer = meal break.

* estar tan bueno que no se puede dejar de comer = moreish.

* ganas de comer = appetite.

* hora de comer = mealtime [meal time].

* juntarse el hambre con las ganas de comer = made for each other, be two of a kind, be a right pair.

* lugar para comer = eating facility.

* morder la mano del que + dar de comer = bite + the hand that feeds + Pronombre.

* naranja de comer = eating orange.

* no tener ganas de comer = be off + Posesivo + food, be off + Posesivo + oats.

* salir a comer = eat out.

* ser muy delicado para comer = be a picky eater.

* ser muy melindroso para comer = be a picky eater.

* ser muy tiquismiquis para comer = be a picky eater.

* sin comerlo ni beberlo = without having anything to do with it.

* sin comérselo ni bebérselo = without having anything to do with it.

* somos lo que comemos = we are what we eat.

* tú te lo guisas, tú te lo comes = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* * *

comer¹ [E1 ]

vi

A

1 (tomar alimentos) to eat

no tengo ganas de comer I'm not hungry o I don't feel like eating anything

no hay nada para comer there's nothing to eat

este niño no me come nada ( fam); this child won't eat anything (I make for him) ( colloq)

las palomas comían de su mano the pigeons were eating out of o from her hand

el sueldo apenas si les alcanza para comer he hardly earns enough to feed them

comer como un sabañón or ( Esp) una lima or ( Méx) un pelón de hospicio ( fam); to eat like a horse

comer como un pajarito ( fam); to eat like a bird

2

dar de comer to feed

todavía hay que darle de comer (en la boca) we still have to spoonfeed him

darle de comer al gato to feed the cat

tengo que darles de comer a los niños I have to get the kids something to eat, I have to feed the kids

nos dieron de comer muy bien they fed us very well

ni siquiera nos dieron de comer they didn't even give us anything to eat

darle a algn de comer aparte ( fam); to treat sb with kid gloves

B

1

(tomar una comida): todavía no hemos comido we haven't eaten yet, we haven't had lunch ( o dinner etc) yet

hace mucho tiempo que no salimos a comer (fuera) we haven't been out for a meal o eaten out for ages

¿dónde comieron anoche? where did you go for dinner o have dinner last night?

no queremos comer en el hotel we don't want to have our meals in the hotel o to eat at the hotel

¡niños, a comer! lunchtime ( o dinnertime etc), children!

¿qué hay de comer? (a mediodía) what's for lunch?; (por la noche) what's for dinner o supper?

aquí se come muy bien the food here is very good

donde comen dos, comen tres there's always room for one more at the table

2 (esp Esp, Méx) (almorzar) to have lunch, have dinner ( BrE colloq)

nos invitaron a comer they asked us to lunch

3 ( esp AmL) (cenar) to have dinner

comemos a las nueve we have o eat dinner at nine

nos invitaron a comer they asked o invited us to dinner

■ comer

vt

A ‹fruta/verdura/carne› to eat

como mucha fruta I eat a lot of fruit

no puedo comer chocolate I can't have o eat chocolate

come un poco de queso have a little cheese

tienes que comer todo lo que te sirvan you must eat (up) everything they give you

¿puedo comer otro? can I have another one?

no tienen qué comer they don't have anything to eat

nadie te va a comer ( fam); nobody's going to bite your head off, nobody's going to eat you

mira el suéter, me lo comió la polilla look at my sweater, the moths have been at it o it's really moth-eaten

como un cáncer que le come las entrañas ( liter); like a cancer gnawing away at his insides

sin comerlo ni beberlo or sin comerla ni beberla: me llevé el castigo sin comerlo ni beberlo I got punished even though I didn't have anything to do with it o any part in it

¿(y) eso con qué se come? ( fam); what on earth's that? ( colloq), what's that when it's at home? ( BrE colloq)

B ( fam)

(hacer desaparecer): ese peinado le come mucho la cara that hairstyle hides half her face

estos zapatos me comen los calcetines my socks keep slipping down with these shoes

estos gastos nos han empezado a comer los ahorros these expenses have started eating into our savings

el alquiler me come la mitad del sueldo the rent swallows up half my salary, half my salary goes on the rent

si seguimos así nos va a comer la mugre if we go on like this we'll be swallowed up by dirt

C (en ajedrez, damas) to take

■ comerse

v pron

A ‹acento/palabra›

te has comido todos los acentos you've left off o forgotten o ( BrE) missed off all the accents

me comí dos líneas I missed out o skipped two lines

se comen la `s' final they don't pronounce the final `s', they leave off o drop the final `s'

se come la mitad de las palabras he swallows o he doesn't pronounce half his words

B

1 ( enf) ‹comida› to eat

cómetelo todo eat it all up

se lo comió de un bocado he gulped it down in one go

está para comérsela ( fam); she's really tasty ( colloq), she's a real dish ( colloq)

no te comas las uñas don't bite your nails

¿se te ha comido la lengua el gato? ( fam); have you lost your tongue?, has the cat got your tongue? ( colloq)

se lo come la envidia he's eaten up o consumed with envy

se comió cuatro años de cárcel ( fam); he did four years in prison o inside ( colloq)

comerse a algn vivo ( fam); to skin sb alive ( colloq)

si se entera mi madre me come viva if my mother finds out she'll skin me alive o have my guts for garters o make mincemeat of me ( colloq)

2 (estrellarse contra) ‹árbol/poste› to smash o crash into

3 (ser muy superior) to surpass, overshadow

nadando y corriendo, él se come a su hermano ( fam); he can beat his brother hollow at swimming and running ( colloq), he knocks spots off his brother when it comes to swimming and running ( colloq)

C ( fam)

(hacer desaparecer): el sol se ha ido comiendo los colores de la alfombra the sun has faded the colors in the carpet

el mar se ha comido casi toda la arena the sea has washed away nearly all the sand

el ácido se come el metal the acid eats into o eats away the metal

el colegio de los niños se me come casi todo el sueldo almost all my salary goes on the children's school fees, the children's school fees eat up almost all of my salary

D ( Col fam) (poseer sexualmente) to have ( colloq)

comer²

masculine

eating

una persona de buen comer someone who enjoys his/her food

el arte del buen comer the art of good eating

el comer es como el rascar, todo es cuestión de empezar once you start eating, you don't want to stop

* * *

comer ( conjugate comer) verbo intransitivo
a) ( en general) to eat;

◊ no tengo ganas de comer I'm not hungry;

este niño no me come nada (fam) this child won't eat anything (colloq);
dar(le) de comer a algn (en la boca) to spoonfeed sb;
darle de comer al gato/al niño to feed the cat/the kid;
salir a comer (fuera) to go out for a meal, to eat out;
¿qué hay de comer? ( a mediodía) what's for lunch?;

( por la noche) what's for dinner o supper?
b) (esp Esp, Méx) ( almorzar) to have lunch;

◊ nos invitaron a comer they asked us to lunch

c) (esp AmL) ( cenar) to have dinner

verbo transitivo
a) ‹fruta/verdura/carne› to eat;

◊ ¿puedo comer otro? can I have another one?;

no tienen qué comer they don't have anything to eat
b) (fam) ( hacer desaparecer) See Also→ comerse 3

c) (en ajedrez, damas) to take

comerse verbo pronominal
1
a) ( al escribir) ‹acento/palabra› to leave off;

‹línea/párrafo› to miss out
b) ( al hablar) ‹ letra› to leave off;

‹ palabra› to swallow
2 ( enf) ‹ comida› to eat;
◊ cómetelo todo eat it all up;

comerse las uñas to bite one's nails
3 (fam) ( hacer desaparecer)
a) [acido/óxido] to eat away (at);

[polilla/ratón] to eat away (at)
b) [inflación/alquiler] ‹sueldo/ahorros› to eat away at

comer
I verbo transitivo
1 to eat
2 (en el parchís, etc) to take
3 (estrechar) ese corte de pelo te come la cara, that haircut makes your face look thinner
ese mueble te come mucho salón, that piece of furniture makes your living room look smaller
II verbo intransitivo to eat: hay que darle de comer al perro, we have to feed the dog
♦ Locuciones: familiar comer como una lima, to eat like a horse
familiar comer el coco/tarro a alguien, to brainwash somebody
sin comerlo ni beberlo, le pusieron una sanción, although he has nothing to do with it, he was disciplined
' comer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acostumbrar
- aire
- algo
- alimentar
- carrillo
- cosa
- dar
- deshora
- después
- empezar
- emplazar
- enana
- enano
- estomacal
- exacerbar
- exigua
- exiguo
- gana
- hambre
- hasta
- hincharse
- jambar
- le
- leguminosa
- menda
- mierda
- picar
- reserva
- rollo
- sabañón
- saciedad
- saque
- sopor
- tarde
- tarro
- terminar
- tragar
- troglodita
- tutiplén
- a
- acabar
- ansia
- apretujado
- austero
- barato
- barbaridad
- bueno
- carta
- chocolate
- de
English:
any
- avoid
- before
- bolt
- brisk
- buffet
- company
- conscious
- craving
- crunch
- cut out
- digestion
- directive
- eat
- eat out
- entertain
- fancy
- feed
- feeding
- finish
- for
- forage
- free rein
- full
- go
- go out
- good
- grab
- grain
- guzzle
- have
- hour
- invite
- just
- leftovers
- linger
- lunch
- lunchtime
- mealtime
- mop
- nosh
- out
- overwhelming
- pick at
- plate
- plough through
- process
- put away
- spoon-feed
- spot

* * *

comer

♦ vt

1. [alimentos] to eat;

no come carne casi nunca she hardly ever eats meat;

¿quieres comer algo? would you like something to eat?;

no tengas miedo, nadie te va a comer don't be afraid, nobody's going to eat you;

Comp

ni come ni deja comer he's a dog in the manger;

Comp
Fam
comer el coco o [m5] tarro a alguien [convencer] to brainwash sb;

Comp

sin comerlo ni beberlo: sin comerlo ni beberlo, le hicieron jefe he became boss through no merit of his own;

sin comerlo ni beberlo, nos encontramos en la bancarrota through no fault of our own, we went bankrupt

2. Esp, Méx [al mediodía] to have for lunch;
esp Andes [a la noche] to have for dinner;
hoy hemos comido pescado we had fish today

3. [en juegos de mesa] to take, to capture;

me comió un alfil he took one of my bishops

4. [consumir] to eat up;

tus gastos nos comen casi todo mi sueldo your expenses eat up almost all of my salary;

esta estufa come mucha leña this stove uses o gets through a lot of wood;

los come la envidia they're eaten up with envy;

eso me come mucho tiempo that takes up a lot of my time;

me están comiendo los mosquitos the mosquitoes are eating me alive

♦ vi

1. [ingerir alimentos] to eat;

ahora no tengo ganas de comer I don't feel like eating o I'm not hungry right now;

comer fuera, salir a comer to eat out;

yo llevaré la bebida, tú compra las cosas de comer I'll get the drink, you buy the food;

comer a la carta to eat à la carte;

¡a comer, chicos! lunch is/dinner's/ etc ready, children!;

¡come y calla! shut up and eat your dinner!;

dar de comer al perro to feed the dog;

no sé qué darles de comer a mis hijos esta noche I don't know what to give the children to eat this evening;

en ese restaurante dan de comer muy bien the food is very good in that restaurant;
Fam
ser de buen comer to have a healthy appetite;
Fig
tener qué comer to have enough to live on;

Comp
Fam
comer a dos carrillos to stuff one's face;

Comp

comer como una lima o [m5] un regimiento to eat like a horse;

Comp

comimos como curas o [m5] reyes we ate like kings;

Comp

comer y callar beggars can't be choosers;

Comp
Fam
dar o [m5]echar de comer aparte a alguien: a mi profesor hay que darle o [m5] echarle de comer aparte you have to be careful how you deal with my teacher, because you never know how he's going to react;

Comp

donde comen dos comen tres there's always room for one more at the table

2. Esp, Méx [al mediodía] to have lunch;

¿qué hay de comer? what's for lunch?;

en casa comemos a las tres we have lunch at three o'clock at home;

hemos quedado para comer we've arranged to meet for lunch;

comer fuera, salir a comer to go out for lunch

3. esp Andes [a la noche] to have dinner

♦ See also the pronominal verb comerse

* * *

comer

I v/t eat; a mediodía have for lunch

II v/i eat; a mediodía have lunch;

dar de comer a alguien feed s.o.;

no tienen qué comer they haven’t a thing to eat;

sin comerlo ni beberlo fam all of a sudden

* * *

comer vt

1) : to eat

2) : to consume, to eat up, to eat into

comer vi

1) : to eat

2) cenar: to have a meal

3)

dar de comer : to feed

♦ See also the reflexive verb comerse

* * *

comer vb

1. (en general) to eat [pt. ate; pp. eaten]

hay que comer más verduras you must eat more vegetables

¿comes pescado? do you eat fish?

2. (al mediodía) to have lunch

siempre como en casa I always have lunch at home

me ha invitado a comer he's invited me to lunch

dar de comer to feed [pt. & pp. fed]

fuimos a dar de comer a los patos we went to feed the ducks

Spanish-English dictionary > comer
14 recordar

v.

1 to remember (acordarse de).

ese pintor recuerda a Picasso that painter is reminiscent of Picasso

si mal no recuerdo as far as I can remember

María recuerda su niñez Mary remembers her childhood.

María recuerda y llora Mary remembers and cries.

2 to remind (traer a la memoria).

me recuerda a un amigo mío he reminds me of a friend of mine

recuérdame que cierre el gas remind me to turn the gas off

tienes que ir al dentista esta tarde — ¡no me lo recuerdes! you have to go to the dentist this afternoon — don't remind me!

Le recordaré a María I will remind Mary.

3 to remind to.

María le recuerda a Ricardo recogerla Mary reminds Richard to pick her up.

4 to remember of.

Esta foto me recordó a mi papá This photo remembered me of my father.

* * *

recordar

Conjugation model [ CONTAR], like link=contar contar

► verbo transitivo

1 (rememorar) to remember

■ no recuerdo nada I can't remember anything

■ ¿recuerdas? do you remember?

2 (traer a la memoria) to remind (a, of)

■ me recuerda a mi hermano he reminds me of my brother

■ recuérdale que escriba remind her to write

3 (conmemorar) to commemorate

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

que yo recuerde as far as I can remember

si mal no recuerdo if I remember rightly, if my memory serves me right

* * *

verb

1) to remember, recall

2) remind

* * *

1. VT

1) (=acordarse de) to remember

prefieren no recordar aquellos tiempos — they prefer not to remember those times

1999 será recordado como un año estupendo para todos — 1999 will be remembered as a great year for everybody

recuerdo que un día se me acercó y me dijo... — I remember that one day she came over to me and said...

no lo recuerdo — I can't remember, I don't remember

• creo recordar que... — I seem to remember o recall that...

• recordar haber hecho algo — to remember doing o having done sth

recuerda haberlo dicho — he remembers saying o having said it

no recuerdo haberte dado permiso para salir — I don't remember o recall giving o having given you permission to go out

• recordar que — to remember that

recuerdo que no llegó hasta por la noche — I remember that he didn't arrive until nighttime

2) (=traer a la memoria) to remind

estas botas me recuerdan a las que llevábamos de pequeños — these boots remind me of the ones we used to wear as children

¿a qué te recuerda esa foto? — what does that photo remind you of?

el poema recuerda a García Lorca — the poem is reminiscent of García Lorca

• recordar algo a algn — to remind sb of sth

recuérdale que me debe 50 dólares — remind him that he owes me 50 dollars

te recuerdo que son las tres — let me remind you that it's three o'clock

me permito recordarle que aún no hemos recibido el pago — I would remind you o may I remind you that we have not yet received payment

• recordar a algn que haga algo — to remind sb to do sth

recuérdame que ponga la lavadora — remind me to put the washing (machine) on

3) Méx * (=despertar) to wake up

2.

VI to remember

no recuerdo — I can't o don't remember

si mal no recuerdo — if my memory serves me right o correctly, if I remember rightly o correctly

que yo recuerde — as far as I can remember, as I recall frm

3.

See:

recordarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <nombre/fecha> to remember, recall

soy muy malo para recordar fechas — I'm very bad at remembering dates

recuerdo que lo puse ahí — I remember o recall putting it there

b) ( rememorar) to remember

recordar viejos tiempos — to remember old times

recuerdo esa época con cariño — I have fond memories of that time

2)

a) ( traer a la memoria)

recordarle A alguien/algo que + subj — to remind somebody about something/to + inf

recuérdale lo de la cena/que los llame — remind him about the supper/to call them about the supper

les recuerdo que... — I would like to remind you that...

b) (por asociación, parecido) to remind

su forma recuerda la de una calabaza — its shape reminds one of a pumpkin

estos versos recuerdan a Neruda — these verses are reminiscent of Neruda; (+ me/te/le etc)

esto me recuerda que... — this reminds me that...

me recuerdas a tu hermano — you remind me of your brother
2.
recordar vi ( acordarse) to remember

que yo recuerde... — as far as I remember...

si mal no recuerdo — if I remember right
3.
recordarse v pron (Chi) ( acordarse) to remember

recordarse DE algo/alguien — to remember something/somebody

* * *

= cast + mind back to, recall, recollect, remember, remind, hark(en) back to, come back, reminisce, evoke, be reminiscent of, bring to + mind, recur to, hearken back to.

Nota: También escrito harken o hark.

Ex. First cast your mind back to our examination of the Colon Classification.

Ex. As will be recalled from the foregoing discussion of Panizzi's ideology, his main entry was designed to represent a book not as a individual entity but as an edition of a particular work by a particular author.

Ex. There was a heavy and prolonged silence as Datto scrambled through his mind, trying to recollect the details of the event that had apparently trigerred this violent reaction.

Ex. A summary at the end of a document is intended to complete the orientation of the reader, and to identify the significant ideas for the reader to remember.

Ex. The insert mode indicator (the arrow pointing upwards) appears on the screen to remind you that the keyboard is in insert mode.

Ex. The third point is one that harks back to the chapter on peer influences.

Ex. At the sight of the park, something came back to Slake.

Ex. A general session featured Isaac Asimov who reminisced about libraries in his youth and predicted the continuing need for libraries.

Ex. If my comments yesterday managed to evoke the landscape of the State of Ohio, I offer no apologies.

Ex. In this sense this book is reminiscent of the cunningly drawn pictures of our youth.

Ex. These commands bring to mind word frequency-based automatic indexing algorithms of the past 3 decades.

Ex. The kitchen was full of glancing sunlight and clean color; and as she sat there her mind recurred to her attempts to get her assistant to stay.

Ex. The term 'first cold press' hearkens back to the traditional method, where the best oil came from the first pressing; subsequent pressings release more oil, but of inferior quality.

----

* ayuda para recordar = memory aid.

* digno de ser recordado = memorable.

* facilidad de recordar = memorability.

* facultad de recordar = power of recall.

* hacer recordar = jog + Posesivo + memory, bring to + mind.

* que ayuda a recordar = memory-jogging.

* que + Pronombre + recordar = to the best of + Posesivo + recollection.

* que se recuerde = in living memory.

* recordar a = reek of.

* recordar a uno Algo = bring + Nombre + back to.

* recordar de un modo rápido = sweep back to.

* recordar el pasado = take + a trip down memory lane, stroll down + memory lane, take + a stroll down memory lane.

* recordar fácilmente = produce + on call.

* recordar mal = misremember.

* recordar + Posesivo + palabras = mark + Posesivo + words.

* recordarse = go down as.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) <nombre/fecha> to remember, recall

soy muy malo para recordar fechas — I'm very bad at remembering dates

recuerdo que lo puse ahí — I remember o recall putting it there

b) ( rememorar) to remember

recordar viejos tiempos — to remember old times

recuerdo esa época con cariño — I have fond memories of that time

2)

a) ( traer a la memoria)

recordarle A alguien/algo que + subj — to remind somebody about something/to + inf

recuérdale lo de la cena/que los llame — remind him about the supper/to call them about the supper

les recuerdo que... — I would like to remind you that...

b) (por asociación, parecido) to remind

su forma recuerda la de una calabaza — its shape reminds one of a pumpkin

estos versos recuerdan a Neruda — these verses are reminiscent of Neruda; (+ me/te/le etc)

esto me recuerda que... — this reminds me that...

me recuerdas a tu hermano — you remind me of your brother
2.
recordar vi ( acordarse) to remember

que yo recuerde... — as far as I remember...

si mal no recuerdo — if I remember right
3.
recordarse v pron (Chi) ( acordarse) to remember

recordarse DE algo/alguien — to remember something/somebody

* * *

= cast + mind back to, recall, recollect, remember, remind, hark(en) back to, come back, reminisce, evoke, be reminiscent of, bring to + mind, recur to, hearken back to.

Nota: También escrito harken o hark.

Ex: First cast your mind back to our examination of the Colon Classification.

Ex: As will be recalled from the foregoing discussion of Panizzi's ideology, his main entry was designed to represent a book not as a individual entity but as an edition of a particular work by a particular author.

Ex: There was a heavy and prolonged silence as Datto scrambled through his mind, trying to recollect the details of the event that had apparently trigerred this violent reaction.

Ex: A summary at the end of a document is intended to complete the orientation of the reader, and to identify the significant ideas for the reader to remember.

Ex: The insert mode indicator (the arrow pointing upwards) appears on the screen to remind you that the keyboard is in insert mode.

Ex: The third point is one that harks back to the chapter on peer influences.

Ex: At the sight of the park, something came back to Slake.

Ex: A general session featured Isaac Asimov who reminisced about libraries in his youth and predicted the continuing need for libraries.

Ex: If my comments yesterday managed to evoke the landscape of the State of Ohio, I offer no apologies.

Ex: In this sense this book is reminiscent of the cunningly drawn pictures of our youth.

Ex: These commands bring to mind word frequency-based automatic indexing algorithms of the past 3 decades.

Ex: The kitchen was full of glancing sunlight and clean color; and as she sat there her mind recurred to her attempts to get her assistant to stay.

Ex: The term 'first cold press' hearkens back to the traditional method, where the best oil came from the first pressing; subsequent pressings release more oil, but of inferior quality.

* ayuda para recordar = memory aid.

* digno de ser recordado = memorable.

* facilidad de recordar = memorability.

* facultad de recordar = power of recall.

* hacer recordar = jog + Posesivo + memory, bring to + mind.

* que ayuda a recordar = memory-jogging.

* que + Pronombre + recordar = to the best of + Posesivo + recollection.

* que se recuerde = in living memory.

* recordar a = reek of.

* recordar a uno Algo = bring + Nombre + back to.

* recordar de un modo rápido = sweep back to.

* recordar el pasado = take + a trip down memory lane, stroll down + memory lane, take + a stroll down memory lane.

* recordar fácilmente = produce + on call.

* recordar mal = misremember.

* recordar + Posesivo + palabras = mark + Posesivo + words.

* recordarse = go down as.

* * *

recordar [ A10 ]

vt

A

1 ‹nombre/fecha› to remember, recall

¿recuerdas dónde lo encontraste? do you remember o recall where you found it?

soy muy malo para recordar fechas I'm very bad at remembering dates

recuerdo que lo puse sobre la mesa I remember o recall putting it on the table

no recordaba exactamente qué había pasado she couldn't recall o recollect o remember exactly what had happened

2 (rememorar) to remember

recordar viejos tiempos to remember the old days, to reminisce about the old days

recuerdo esa época con mucho cariño I have fond memories of that time

B

1 (traer a la memoria) recordarle algo A algn:

recuérdale que los llame remind him to call them

les recuerdo que mañana es el último día remember that o I would like to remind you that tomorrow is the last day

me recordó lo del sábado pasado he reminded me about what happened last Saturday

2 (por asociación, parecido) to remind

su forma recuerda la de una calabaza its shape reminds one of a pumpkin, its shape is reminiscent of a pumpkin

estos versos recuerdan a Jorge Manrique these verses are reminiscent of Jorge Manrique

(+ me/te/le etc): esto me recuerda aquella vez que … this reminds me of the time that …

me recuerdas a tu hermano you remind me of your brother

estas calles me recuerdan mucho Bogotá these streets remind me a lot of Bogotá

■ recordar

vi

A (acordarse) to remember

que yo recuerde sólo estaba él as I remember (it) o as I recall o as far as I remember he was the only one there

si mal no recuerdo if I remember right, if my memory serves me well o correctly

B ( Méx fam) (despertarse) to wake up

■ recordarse

v pron

A ( Méx fam) (despertarse) to wake up

B ( Chi) (acordarse) to remember recordarse DE algo/algn to remember sth/sb

* * *

Multiple Entries:
recordar
recordar algo
recordar ( conjugate recordar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹nombre/fecha› to remember, recall;

◊ recuerdo que lo puse ahí I remember o recall putting it there

b) ( rememorar) ‹niñez/pasado› to remember

2
a) ( traer a la memoria) recordarle A algnalgo/ que haga algo to remind sb about sth/to do sth;

◊ les recuerdo que … I would like to remind you that …

b) (por asociación, parecido) to remind;

◊ me recuerdas a tu hermano you remind me of your brother

verbo intransitivo ( acordarse) to remember;
◊ si mal no recuerdo if I remember right

recordar
I verbo transitivo
1 (acordarse) to remember, recall: no recuerdo su nombre, I can't remember his name
2 (hacer recordar) to remind: recuérdame que compre el pan, remind me to buy some bread
me recuerda a su madre, she reminds me of her mother
II verbo intransitivo to remember: si mal no recuerdo, if I remember rightly ➣ Ver nota en remember y remind
To remember significa recordar algo ocurrido en el pasado: Recuerdo mi último cumpleaños. I remember my last birthday. To remind significa recordar a alguien que tiene que hacer algo: Recuérdame que mañana tengo que ir al banco. Remind me to go to the bank tomorrow.

' recordar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
desempolvar
- evocar
- hablarse
- pasada
- pasado
- recuerdo
- vista
- acordar
- creer
- retener
English:
eventful
- look back
- recall
- recollect
- remember
- remind
- reminiscent
- seem
- think back
- bring
- mind
- must
- reminder
- think

* * *

recordar

♦ vt

1. [acordarse de] to remember;

no recuerdo dónde he dejado las llaves I can't remember where I left the keys;

recuerdo que me lo dijo I remember him telling me;

no recordaba yo un invierno tan frío I don't remember a winter as cold as this

2. [traer a la memoria] to remind;

recuérdame que cierre el gas remind me to turn the gas off;

te recuerdo que el plazo termina mañana don't forget that the deadline is tomorrow;

tienes que ir al dentista esta tarde – ¡no me lo recuerdes! you have to go to the dentist this afternoon – don't remind me!

3. [por asociación] to remind;

me recuerda a un amigo mío he reminds me of a friend of mine;

me recuerda aquella vez que nos quedamos sin luz it reminds me of that time when the electricity got cut off

♦ vi

1. [acordarse] to remember;

si mal no recuerdo as far as I can remember

2. [traer a la memoria]
ese pintor recuerda a Picasso that painter is reminiscent of Picasso

3. Méx [despertar] to wake up

♦ See also the pronominal verb recordarse

* * *

recordar

I v/t remember, recall;

recordar algo a alguien remind s.o. of sth

II v/i

1

:

si mal no recuerdo if my memory serves me right

2 Méx

wake up

* * *

recordar {19} vt

1) : to recall, to remember

2) : to remind

recordar vi

1) acordarse: to remember

2) despertar: to wake up

* * *

recordar vb

1. (acordarse) to remember

recuerdo el día en que lo conocí I remember the day I met him

2. (hacer pensar) to remind

recuérdame que llame a Maite remind me to phone Maite

su voz me recuerda a la de mi primo his voice reminds me of my cousin's

Spanish-English dictionary > recordar
15 inapreciable

adj.

1 invaluable, inestimable (incalculable).

2 imperceptible (insignificante).

3 inappreciable, beyond price, valuable, immeasurable.

* * *

inapreciable

► adjetivo

1 (insignificante) imperceptible, insignificant

2 (valioso) invaluable, priceless

* * *

ADJ

1) [diferencia] imperceptible

2) [de valor] invaluable, inestimable

* * *

adjetivo

1) ( muy valioso) invaluable

su inapreciable ayuda — her invaluable assistance

un cuadro de un valor inapreciable — a priceless painting

2) ( insignificante) negligible

* * *

= invaluable, minute, sterling, unnoticeable, undetectable.

Ex. Readings as a tool that enables us to do something else, rather than reading which has invaluable ends and purposes in itself.

Ex. However, a detailed comparison of the fourth with the third edition turned up only 13 differences that pertained to card catalogs, and these differences were minute.

Ex. It does not seem to me to be a nine days wonder but a fundamental change of heart that is rejuvenating traditional reference services which have done sterling service over the years.

Ex. Dilution is used to reduce the color to unnoticeable levels.

Ex. These errors are undetectable by traditional spelling correction techniques.

----

* resultar inapreciable = prove + invaluable.

* * *

adjetivo

1) ( muy valioso) invaluable

su inapreciable ayuda — her invaluable assistance

un cuadro de un valor inapreciable — a priceless painting

2) ( insignificante) negligible

* * *

= invaluable, minute, sterling, unnoticeable, undetectable.

Ex: Readings as a tool that enables us to do something else, rather than reading which has invaluable ends and purposes in itself.

Ex: However, a detailed comparison of the fourth with the third edition turned up only 13 differences that pertained to card catalogs, and these differences were minute.

Ex: It does not seem to me to be a nine days wonder but a fundamental change of heart that is rejuvenating traditional reference services which have done sterling service over the years.

Ex: Dilution is used to reduce the color to unnoticeable levels.

Ex: These errors are undetectable by traditional spelling correction techniques.

* resultar inapreciable = prove + invaluable.

* * *

inapreciable

adjective

A (muy valioso) invaluable

gracias a su inapreciable ayuda thanks to her invaluable assistance

un cuadro de un valor inapreciable a priceless painting

B (insignificante) negligible

la diferencia es inapreciable the difference is negligible o hardly noticeable

* * *

inapreciable adjetivo
1 ( muy valioso) ‹ayuda/amistad› invaluable;
◊ un cuadro de un valor inapreciable a priceless painting

2 ( insignificante) negligible
inapreciable adjetivo
1 (imperceptible) insignificant, negligible: hizo un gesto casi inapreciable, it was a barely perceptible nod of the head
2 (valioso, no calculable materialmente) invaluable, inestimable: el inapreciable apoyo de sus amigos, the invaluable support of his friends
' inapreciable' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
despreciable
English:
invaluable

* * *

inapreciable adj

1. [incalculable] invaluable, inestimable

2. [insignificante] imperceptible

* * *

inapreciable

adj

1 ( valioso) priceless

2 ( insignificante) negligible

* * *

inapreciable adj

1) : imperceptible, negligible

2) : invaluable

Spanish-English dictionary > inapreciable
16 fiddle

1. noun
1) (Mus.) (coll./derog.) Fidel, die; (violin for traditional or folk music) Geige, die; Fidel, die

[as] fit as a fiddle — kerngesund

play first/second fiddle — (fig.) die erste/zweite Geige spielen (ugs.)

play second fiddle to somebody — in jemandes Schatten (Dat.) stehen

2) (coll.): (swindle) Gaunerei, die

it's all a fiddle — das ist alles Schiebung (ugs.)

be on the fiddle — krumme Dinger machen (ugs.)
2. intransitive verb
1)

fiddle about — (coll.): (waste time) herumtrödeln (ugs.)

fiddle about with something — (work on to adjust etc.) an etwas (Dat.) herumfummeln (ugs.); (tinker with) an etwas (Dat.) herumbasteln (ugs.)

fiddle with something — (play with) mit etwas herumspielen

2) (coll.): (deceive) krumme Dinger drehen (ugs.)
3. transitive verb
(coll.) (falsify) frisieren (ugs.) [Bücher, Rechnungen]; (get by cheating) [sich (Dat.)] ergaunern (ugs.)

* * *
['fidl] 1. noun
1) (a violin: She played the fiddle.) die Geige

2) (a dishonest business arrangement: He's working a fiddle over his taxes.) die Unterschlagung
2. verb
1) (to play a violin: He fiddled while they danced.) geigen

2) ((with with) to make restless, aimless movements: Stop fiddling with your pencil!) herumspielen

3) (to manage (money, accounts etc) dishonestly: She has been fiddling the accounts for years.) unterschlagen

•

- academic.ru/27076/fiddler">fiddler
- fiddler crab
- on the fiddle
* * *

fid·dle

[ˈfɪdl̩]

I. n

1. MUS ( fam) Geige f, Fi[e]del f hum o pej

to play the \fiddle Geige spielen

2. esp BRIT ( fam: fraud) Betrug m kein pl, Schwindel m kein pl

this is some sort of \fiddle hier ist was faul fam

to be on the \fiddle faule Geschäfte machen fam, krumme Dinger drehen fam

3. BRIT ( fam: task) kniff[e]lige Angelegenheit

it's a real \fiddle to assemble because of all the small parts all die kleinen Teile machen das Zusammensetzen ganz schön schwierig fam

4.

▶ sb's face is as long as a \fiddle esp BRIT ( fam) jd macht ein Gesicht wie drei Tage Regenwetter fam

▶ to be [as] fit as a \fiddle kerngesund sein

▶ to play first/second \fiddle die erste/zweite Geige spielen fam

▶ to play second \fiddle to sb in jds Schatten stehen

II. interj AM ( dated) Unsinn m fam, Quatsch m fam

III. vt ( fam)

▪ to \fiddle sth

1. (falsify) etw frisieren fam; (manipulate) etw manipulieren

to \fiddle the accounts/books die Rechnungen/Bücher frisieren fam

to \fiddle it [or things] so that... es so hindrehen [o hinbiegen], dass... fam

2. (obtain fraudulently) [sich dat] etw ergaunern

to \fiddle money out of a company ein Unternehmen um Geld betrügen fam

IV. vi

1. (finger) herumfummeln fam

▪ to \fiddle with sth an etw dat herumspielen [o herumfummeln] fam; (play) mit etw dat herumspielen fam

2. (tinker) herumbasteln fam

▪ to \fiddle with sth an etw dat herumhantieren [o herumfummeln] [o herumbasteln] fam

3. MUS ( fam) geigen, fiedeln hum o pej

4.

▶ to \fiddle while Rome burns den Kopf in den Sand stecken

* * *
['fɪdl]
1. n

1) (MUS inf) Fiedel f (inf), Geige f

to play second fiddle — die zweite Geige spielen

to play second fiddle to sb (fig) — in jds Schatten (dat) stehen

he refuses to play second fiddle (fig) — er will immer die erste Geige spielen

as fit as a fiddle — kerngesund

2) (Brit inf = cheat, swindle) Manipulation f, Schiebung f; (with money) faule Geschäfte pl (inf)

it's a fiddle —

there are so many fiddles going on — es wird so viel getrickst (inf) or manipuliert

the accountants were well aware there had been some sort of fiddle — die Buchprüfer wussten ganz genau, dass da irgendetwas manipuliert or frisiert (inf) worden war

tax fiddle — Steuermanipulation f

to be on the fiddle — faule Geschäfte or krumme Dinger machen (inf)

2. vi

1) (MUS inf) fiedeln (inf), geigen

2) (= fidget, play around) herumspielen

don't fiddle with the engine if you don't know what you're doing — spiel nicht am Motor herum, wenn du dich damit nicht auskennst

he sat there nervously fiddling with his tie/cigarette lighter — er saß da und spielte nervös an seinem Schlips herum/spielte mit seinem Feuerzeug herum

put that thing down and stop fiddling! — leg das Ding weg und hör endlich mit der Fummelei auf! (inf)

3) (= split hairs, be overprecise etc) Haare spalten, pingelig sein (inf)

3. vt

1) (Brit inf) accounts, results frisieren (inf); election manipulieren

he fiddled it so that... — er hat es so hingebogen or getrickst (inf), dass...

2) tune fiedeln (inf), geigen

4. interj
ach du liebe Zeit, ach du liebes Lottchen (hum inf)
* * *

fiddle [ˈfıdl]

A s

1. MUS umg Fiedel f, Geige f:

play (on) the fiddle Geige spielen;

play first (second) fiddle fig die erste (zweite) Geige spielen;

play second fiddle to in jemandes Schatten stehen;

hang up one’s fiddle when one comes home seine gute Laune an den Nagel hängen, wenn man heimkommt;

(as) fit as a fiddle umg gesund (u. munter) wie ein Fisch im Wasser; → face A 2

2. SCHIFF Schlingerbord n

3. Br umg

a) Gaunerei f

b) Manipulation f

B v/i

1. auch fiddle away umg fiedeln, geigen

2. oft fiddle about ( oder around) umg herumtrödeln

3. auch fiddle about ( oder around) (with) umg

a) herumfummeln (an dat), spielen (mit),

b) herumbasteln oder -pfuschen (beide umg) (an dat), sich zu schaffen machen (an dat oder mit)

C v/t

1. umg eine Melodie etc fiedeln

2. meist fiddle away umg die Zeit vertrödeln

3. Br umg Konten etc frisieren pej, manipulieren

D int umg Unsinn!, dummes Zeug!

* * *
1. noun
1) (Mus.) (coll./derog.) Fidel, die; (violin for traditional or folk music) Geige, die; Fidel, die

[as] fit as a fiddle — kerngesund

play first/second fiddle — (fig.) die erste/zweite Geige spielen (ugs.)

play second fiddle to somebody — in jemandes Schatten (Dat.) stehen

2) (coll.): (swindle) Gaunerei, die

it's all a fiddle — das ist alles Schiebung (ugs.)

be on the fiddle — krumme Dinger machen (ugs.)
2. intransitive verb
1)

fiddle about — (coll.): (waste time) herumtrödeln (ugs.)

fiddle about with something — (work on to adjust etc.) an etwas (Dat.) herumfummeln (ugs.); (tinker with) an etwas (Dat.) herumbasteln (ugs.)

fiddle with something — (play with) mit etwas herumspielen

2) (coll.): (deceive) krumme Dinger drehen (ugs.)
3. transitive verb
(coll.) (falsify) frisieren (ugs.) [Bücher, Rechnungen]; (get by cheating) [sich (Dat.)] ergaunern (ugs.)

* * *

n.

Fiedel -n f.

Geige -n f. (with) v.

kungeln (mit) v.

English-german dictionary > fiddle
17 right

1. adjective
1) (on or related to the side of the body which in most people has the more skilful hand, or to the side of a person or thing which is toward the east when that person or thing is facing north (opposite to left): When I'm writing, I hold my pen in my right hand.) højre

2) (correct: Put that book back in the right place; Is that the right answer to the question?) rigtig; ret

3) (morally correct; good: It's not right to let thieves keep what they have stolen.) korrekt

4) (suitable; appropriate: He's not the right man for this job; When would be the right time to ask him?) rigtig
2. noun
1) (something a person is, or ought to be, allowed to have, do etc: Everyone has the right to a fair trial; You must fight for your rights; You have no right to say that.) ret

2) (that which is correct or good: Who's in the right in this argument?) (have) ret

3) (the right side, part or direction: Turn to the right; Take the second road on the right.) højre

4) (in politics, the people, group, party or parties holding the more traditional beliefs etc.) højre
3. adverb
1) (exactly: He was standing right here.) lige

2) (immediately: I'll go right after lunch; I'll come right down.) lige

3) (close: He was standing right beside me.) tæt

4) (completely; all the way: The bullet went right through his arm.) helt

5) (to the right: Turn right.) til højre

6) (correctly: Have I done that right?; I don't think this sum is going to turn out right.) rigtigt
4. verb
1) (to bring back to the correct, usually upright, position: The boat tipped over, but righted itself again.) rette

2) (to put an end to and make up for something wrong that has been done: He's like a medieval knight, going about the country looking for wrongs to right.) korrigere; rette
5. interjection
(I understand; I'll do what you say etc: `I want you to type some letters for me.' `Right, I'll do them now.') ok!; ja!; selvfølgelig!

- righteous
- righteously
- righteousness
- rightful
- rightfully
- rightly
- rightness
- righto
- right-oh
- rights
- right angle
- right-angled
- right-hand
- right-handed
- right wing 6. adjective
((right-wing) (having opinions which are) of this sort.) højreorienteret

- right-winger
- by rights
- by right
- get
- keep on the right side of
- get right
- go right
- not in one's right mind
- not quite right in the head
- not right in the head
- put right
- put/set to rights
- right away
- right-hand man
- right now
- right of way
- serve right
* * *
1. adjective
1) (on or related to the side of the body which in most people has the more skilful hand, or to the side of a person or thing which is toward the east when that person or thing is facing north (opposite to left): When I'm writing, I hold my pen in my right hand.) højre

2) (correct: Put that book back in the right place; Is that the right answer to the question?) rigtig; ret

3) (morally correct; good: It's not right to let thieves keep what they have stolen.) korrekt

4) (suitable; appropriate: He's not the right man for this job; When would be the right time to ask him?) rigtig
2. noun
1) (something a person is, or ought to be, allowed to have, do etc: Everyone has the right to a fair trial; You must fight for your rights; You have no right to say that.) ret

2) (that which is correct or good: Who's in the right in this argument?) (have) ret

3) (the right side, part or direction: Turn to the right; Take the second road on the right.) højre

4) (in politics, the people, group, party or parties holding the more traditional beliefs etc.) højre
3. adverb
1) (exactly: He was standing right here.) lige

2) (immediately: I'll go right after lunch; I'll come right down.) lige

3) (close: He was standing right beside me.) tæt

4) (completely; all the way: The bullet went right through his arm.) helt

5) (to the right: Turn right.) til højre

6) (correctly: Have I done that right?; I don't think this sum is going to turn out right.) rigtigt
4. verb
1) (to bring back to the correct, usually upright, position: The boat tipped over, but righted itself again.) rette

2) (to put an end to and make up for something wrong that has been done: He's like a medieval knight, going about the country looking for wrongs to right.) korrigere; rette
5. interjection
(I understand; I'll do what you say etc: `I want you to type some letters for me.' `Right, I'll do them now.') ok!; ja!; selvfølgelig!

- righteous
- righteously
- righteousness
- rightful
- rightfully
- rightly
- rightness
- righto
- right-oh
- rights
- right angle
- right-angled
- right-hand
- right-handed
- right wing 6. adjective
((right-wing) (having opinions which are) of this sort.) højreorienteret

- right-winger
- by rights
- by right
- get
- keep on the right side of
- get right
- go right
- not in one's right mind
- not quite right in the head
- not right in the head
- put right
- put/set to rights
- right away
- right-hand man
- right now
- right of way
- serve right

English-Danish dictionary > right
18 aburrido

adj.

1 boring, dull, humdrum, uninteresting.

2 bored, tired.

f. & m.

bore, boring person, tiresome person.

past part.

past participle of spanish verb: aburrir.

* * *

aburrido

► participio pasado

1→ link=aburrir aburrir

► adjetivo

1 (ser aburrido) boring, tedious; (monótono) dull, dreary

2 (estar aburrido) bored, weary; (cansado) tired of; (harto) fed up with

* * *

(f. - aburrida)

adj.

1) boring, tedious

2) bored, fed up

* * *

ADJ (=que aburre) boring, tedious; (=que siente aburrimiento) bored

un libro aburrido — a boring book

una espera aburrida — a tedious wait

¡estoy aburrido de decírtelo! — I'm tired of telling you!
ABURRIDO ¿"Bored" o "boring"? ► Usamos bored para referirnos al hecho de {estar} aburrido, es decir, de sentir aburrimiento: Si estás aburrida podrías ayudarme con este trabajo If you're bored you could help me with this work ► Usamos boring con personas, actividades y cosas para indicar que alguien o algo {es} aburrido, es decir, que produce aburrimiento: ¡Qué novela más aburrida! What a boring novel! No me gusta salir con él; es muy aburrido I don't like going out with him; he's very boring
* * *
I
- da adjetivo

1) < persona>

a) [estar] ( sin entretenimiento) bored

estoy muy aburrido — I'm bored stiff

b) [estar] ( harto) fed up

aburrido de algo — tired of something, fed up with something

aburrido de + inf — tired of -ing

2) [ser] <película/persona> boring; < trabajo> boring, tedious
II
- da masculino, femenino bore

* * *

= tedious, deadly [deadlier -comp., deadliest -sup.], drab, stodgy, unexciting, uninteresting, wearisome, weary [wearier -comp., weariest -sup.], bored, boring, wearying, dreary [drearier -comp., dreariest -sup.], uninspiring, unmoving, dull, cut and dried [cut and dry].

Nota: Escrito con guiones cuando se usa como adjetivo.

Ex. In other places too many references could make for a very tedious search.

Ex. Some authors, of course, object to their work being subjected to compulsory dissection for exams in the traditional deadly manner and like Bernard Shaw, they swear to haunt anyone who so mistreats them (Shaw's ghost must be busy these days).

Ex. Have reading foisted on you as a duty, a task to be put up with, from which you expect no delight, and it can appear a drab business gladly to be given up.

Ex. One could easily prefer the convenience of the stodgy single-volume work.

Ex. The author argues that the advantages for higher education are unclear, and rather unexciting.

Ex. There is no such thing on earth as an uninteresting subject; the only thing that can exist is an uninterested person.

Ex. The earliest binding machines replaced the wearisome hand-beating of the sheets in order to fold them.

Ex. Humanity is returning to the downsized, reengineered, total quality management weary business world.

Ex. One should answer the telephone clearly and pleasantly -- not in a bored voice or in slurred haste.

Ex. This article shows how the dowdy and boring image of the stereotypical librarian as presented in fiction, taints the portrayal of all who work in libraries.

Ex. A new wave of books dealing frankly with such concerns as sex, alcoholism and broken homes was seen as a breakthrough, but plots and styles have begun to show a wearying sameness.

Ex. The city was considered to be seedy (decayed, littered, grimy, and dreary), crowded, busy, and strongly idiosyncratic (quaint, historic, colorful, and full of 'atmosphere').

Ex. Though the novel begins like a house ablaze, it later thickens slightly into an acceptable if uninspiring finale.

Ex. The outcome is strangely unmoving.

Ex. These librarians are given Haykin upon the day of their arrival and are expected to read the entire dull document and use it as a guideline in establishing subject headings.

Ex. I don't like to hear cut-and-dried sermons -- when I hear a man preach, I like to see him act as if he were fighting bees.

----

* de un modo aburrido y pesado = tediously, ponderously, boringly.

* día aburrido = dull day.

* estar aburrido como una ostra = be bored stiff.

* * *
I
- da adjetivo

1) < persona>

a) [estar] ( sin entretenimiento) bored

estoy muy aburrido — I'm bored stiff

b) [estar] ( harto) fed up

aburrido de algo — tired of something, fed up with something

aburrido de + inf — tired of -ing

2) [ser] <película/persona> boring; < trabajo> boring, tedious
II
- da masculino, femenino bore

* * *

= tedious, deadly [deadlier -comp., deadliest -sup.], drab, stodgy, unexciting, uninteresting, wearisome, weary [wearier -comp., weariest -sup.], bored, boring, wearying, dreary [drearier -comp., dreariest -sup.], uninspiring, unmoving, dull, cut and dried [cut and dry].

Nota: Escrito con guiones cuando se usa como adjetivo.

Ex: In other places too many references could make for a very tedious search.

Ex: Some authors, of course, object to their work being subjected to compulsory dissection for exams in the traditional deadly manner and like Bernard Shaw, they swear to haunt anyone who so mistreats them (Shaw's ghost must be busy these days).

Ex: Have reading foisted on you as a duty, a task to be put up with, from which you expect no delight, and it can appear a drab business gladly to be given up.

Ex: One could easily prefer the convenience of the stodgy single-volume work.

Ex: The author argues that the advantages for higher education are unclear, and rather unexciting.

Ex: There is no such thing on earth as an uninteresting subject; the only thing that can exist is an uninterested person.

Ex: The earliest binding machines replaced the wearisome hand-beating of the sheets in order to fold them.

Ex: Humanity is returning to the downsized, reengineered, total quality management weary business world.

Ex: One should answer the telephone clearly and pleasantly -- not in a bored voice or in slurred haste.

Ex: This article shows how the dowdy and boring image of the stereotypical librarian as presented in fiction, taints the portrayal of all who work in libraries.

Ex: A new wave of books dealing frankly with such concerns as sex, alcoholism and broken homes was seen as a breakthrough, but plots and styles have begun to show a wearying sameness.

Ex: The city was considered to be seedy (decayed, littered, grimy, and dreary), crowded, busy, and strongly idiosyncratic (quaint, historic, colorful, and full of 'atmosphere').

Ex: Though the novel begins like a house ablaze, it later thickens slightly into an acceptable if uninspiring finale.

Ex: The outcome is strangely unmoving.

Ex: These librarians are given Haykin upon the day of their arrival and are expected to read the entire dull document and use it as a guideline in establishing subject headings.

Ex: I don't like to hear cut-and-dried sermons -- when I hear a man preach, I like to see him act as if he were fighting bees.

* de un modo aburrido y pesado = tediously, ponderously, boringly.

* día aburrido = dull day.

* estar aburrido como una ostra = be bored stiff.

* * *

aburrido¹ -da

adjective

A ‹persona›

1 [ ESTAR] (sin entretenimiento) bored

estoy muy aburrido I'm bored stiff

2 [ ESTAR] (harto) fed up

me tienes aburrido con tus quejas I'm fed up with your complaints

aburrido DE algo tired OF sth, fed up WITH sth

estoy aburrido de sus bromas I'm tired of o fed up with her jokes

aburrido DE + INF tired of -ING

estoy aburrido de pedírselo I'm tired of asking him for it

B [ SER] ‹película/persona› boring

es un trabajo muy aburrido it's a really boring o tedious job

la conferencia fue aburridísima the lecture was really boring

aburrido² -da

masculine, feminine

bore

* * *

Del verbo aburrir: ( conjugate aburrir)

aburrido es:

el participio

Multiple Entries:
aburrido
aburrir
aburrido
◊ -da adjetivo

1 [estar] ‹ persona›
a) ( sin entretenimiento) bored;

◊ estoy muy aburrido I'm bored stiff

b) ( harto) fed up;

aburrido de algo tired of sth, fed up with sth;
aburrido de hacer algo tired of doing sth
2 [ser] ‹película/persona› boring;
‹ trabajo› boring, tedious
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
bore
aburrir ( conjugate aburrir) verbo transitivo
to bore
aburrirse verbo pronominal
a) ( por falta de entretenimiento) to get bored

b) ( hartarse) aburridose de algo/algn to get tired of o fed up with sth/sb;

aburridose de hacer algo to get tired of doing sth
aburrido,-a adjetivo
1 (cargante, tedioso) tu hermano es aburrido, your brother's boring
2 (que no se divierte) tu hermano está aburrido, your brother's bored
(cansado, hastiado) estoy aburrido de tus quejas, I'm tired of your complaints
aburrir verbo transitivo to bore
♦ Locuciones: aburrir a las ovejas, to be incredibly boring
' aburrido' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
aburrida
- acto
- amargada
- amargado
- harta
- harto
- insípida
- insípido
- ladrillo
- pesada
- pesado
- petardo
- plomo
- sopa
- tostón
- aburridor
- aguado
- bastante
- cansado
- de
- enojoso
- latoso
- mamado
- podrido
English:
bored
- boring
- dreary
- dull
- grind
- plough through
- quiet
- shade
- stiff
- tedious
- tediously
- uninspiring
- especially
- staid
- wade

* * *

aburrido, -a

♦ adj

1. [harto, fastidiado] bored;

estar aburrido de hacer algo to be fed up with doing sth;

estoy aburrido de esperar I'm fed up with o tired of waiting;

me tiene muy aburrido con sus constantes protestas I'm fed up with her constant complaining;

Comp
Fam
estar aburrido como una ostra to be bored stiff

2. [que aburre] boring;

este libro es muy aburrido this book is very boring;

la fiesta está muy aburrida it's a very boring party

♦ nm,f

bore;

¡eres un aburrido! you're so boring!

* * *

aburrido

adj que aburre boring; que se aburre bored;

aburrido de algo bored o fed up fam with sth

* * *

aburrido, -da adj

1) : bored, tired, fed up

2) tedioso: boring, tedious

* * *

aburrido¹ adj

1. (sin entretenimiento) bored

no tengo nada que hacer y estoy aburrido I haven't got anything to do and I'm bored

2. (tedioso, pesado) boring

¡qué programa más aburrido! what a boring programme!

aburrido² n (persona) bore

Spanish-English dictionary > aburrido
19 circunscribir

v.

1 to restrict, to confine.

2 to circumscribe (geometry).

Esos tomos circunscriben los eventos Those volumes circumscribe the events

Tanta regla circunscribe a Ricardo So many rules circumscribe Richard.

3 to demarcate, to delimit, to bound.

La cerca circunscribe su propiedad The fence demarcates his property.

* * *

circunscribir

(pp circunscrito,-a)

► verbo transitivo

1 to circumscribe

► verbo pronominal circunscribirse

1 (ceñirse) to confine oneself (a, to), limit oneself (a, to)

■ el director se circunscribe a organizar el trabajo the director limits himself to organizing the work

* * *
( pp circunscrito)
1.

VT to circumscribe (a to)

2.

See:

circunscribirse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo to circumscribe
2.
circunscribirse v pron (frml)

a) ( ceñirse)

circunscribirse a algo — to limit o confine oneself to something

b) problema/competencia

circunscribirse a algo — to be limited to something

el problema se circunscribe a esta zona — the problem is restricted o limited to this area

* * *

= circumscribe.

Ex. Traditional theories of management circumscribe the extent of employee participation in decision making.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo to circumscribe
2.
circunscribirse v pron (frml)

a) ( ceñirse)

circunscribirse a algo — to limit o confine oneself to something

b) problema/competencia

circunscribirse a algo — to be limited to something

el problema se circunscribe a esta zona — the problem is restricted o limited to this area

* * *

= circumscribe.

Ex: Traditional theories of management circumscribe the extent of employee participation in decision making.

* * *

circunscribir [ I34 ]

vt

to circumscribe

■ circunscribirse

v pron

( frml)

1 (ceñirse) circunscribirse A algo to limit o confine oneself TO sth

circunscríbase a la pregunta limit yourself to answering the question

se circunscribió al período de la posguerra she limited o confined herself to the post-war period

2 «problema/competencia»: circunscribirse A algo; to be limited TO sth

el problema se circunscribe a esta zona de la ciudad the problem is restricted o limited to this area of the town

la tormenta se circunscribió al noreste del país the storm was limited o confined to the northeast of the country

* * *

circunscribir

♦ vt

1. [limitar] to restrict, to confine (a to)

2. Geom to circumscribe

♦ See also the pronominal verb circunscribirse

* * *

circunscribir

v/t limit (a to)

* * *

circunscribir {33} vt

: to circumscribe, to constrict, to limit

♦ See also the reflexive verb circunscribirse

Spanish-English dictionary > circunscribir
20 confundir

v.

1 to confuse.

me confundes con tanta información you're confusing me with all that information

María los confundió sonriendo Mary confused them by smiling.

Ella confundió las razones She confused the reasons.

María confundió la razón real Mary confused=muddled the real reason.

2 to mix up.

3 to confound.

4 to scramble, to put in disorder, to confuse, to mess up.

María confundió los papeles Mary scrambled the papers.

* * *

confundir

► verbo transitivo

1 (mezclar) to mix up

2 (equivocar) to confuse ( con, with), mistake ( con, for)

■ confundí un libro con otro I confused one book with another

3 (no reconocer) to mistake ( con, for)

■ la confundí con su hermana I mistook her for her sister

4 (turbar) to confound, embarrass

► verbo pronominal confundirse

1 (mezclarse) to mingle; (colores, formas) to blend

■ los ladrones se confundieron con la multitud the thieves mingled with the crowd

■ la figura se confunde con los árboles the figure blends into the trees

2 (equivocarse) to get mixed up, make a mistake

■ me he confundido I have made a mistake

■ me confundí de calle I got the wrong street

■ se ha confundido de número you've got the wrong number

3 (turbarse) to be confused, be embarrassed

* * *

verb

to confuse

- confundirse

* * *

1. VT

1) (=equivocar) to confuse

en este planteamiento se están confundiendo causa y efecto — this approach confuses cause and effect

no confundamos las cosas, por favor — let's not confuse things, please

siempre os confundo por teléfono — I always get you mixed up on the phone

confundimos el camino — we went the wrong way

• confundir algo/a algn con algo/algn — to get sth/sb mixed up with sth/sb, mistake sth/sb for sth/sb

la confundí con su hermana gemela — I got her mixed up with her twin sister, I mistook her for her twin sister

no se debe confundir a Richard Strauss con Johann Strauss — Richard Strauss should not be confused with Johann Strauss

su sabor no se puede confundir con nada — its taste is unmistakable
culo 1), velocidad 1)
2) (=mezclar) [+ papeles] to mix up

me confundieron todas las facturas — they mixed up all the bills

3) (=desconcertar) to confuse

sus palabras nos confundieron a todos — we were all confused by what he said

técnicas para confundir al adversario — techniques for confusing your opponent

me confunde con tanta palabrería — he confuses me o gets me confused with all that talk of his, I find all that talk of his confusing

4) (=turbar) to overwhelm

me confundía con tantas atenciones — her kindness was overwhelming, I was overwhelmed by all her kindness

2.

See:

confundirse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) ( por error) <fechas/datos> to confuse, get... mixed o muddled up; < personas> to confuse, mix up

confundir algo/alguien con algo/a alguien — to mistake something/somebody for something/somebody

me confundió con mi hermana — he mistook me for my sister

creo que me confunde con otra persona — I think you are confusing me with somebody else

b) ( desconcertar) to confuse

tantas cifras confunden a cualquiera — all these numbers are enough to confuse anyone

c) ( turbar) to embarrass
2.
confundirse v pron

a) ( equivocarse)

siempre se confunde en las cuentas — he always makes mistakes in the accounts

confundirse de algo: me confundí de calle/casa — I got the wrong street/house

b) (mezclarse, fundirse)

se confundió entre la multitud — he disappeared into the crowd

varios colores se confunden en el cuadro — various colors are blended together in the painting

* * *

= confound, puzzle, baffle, perplex, cloud, muddle, obfuscate, snarl up, nonplus, obnubilate.

Ex. To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.

Ex. The repetition of the author's name introduces new esoteric punctuation which is bound to puzzle the catalog user.

Ex. As the domain expands, the problem of rule formalisation may even baffle a human expert.

Ex. If when you are working you come across a problem which perplexes you, you should write to someone in the field who may be able to help you.

Ex. Whilst library schools should continue to concentrate upon traditional priorities and the obsession with machines and techniques should not cloud those priorities.

Ex. But even when valid averages and unit costs are examined, Simpson's Paradox can arise to muddle expectations.

Ex. Just because the facts don't support his views, he threatens, slanders, lies, obfuscates and charges 'lies, hypocrisy and cruelty'.

Ex. If all goes as usual, it will snow approximately one inch and completely snarl up traffic until melted.

Ex. The spectacle in front of Bertie was enough to nonplus anyone -- Gussie in scarlet tights and a pretty frightful false beard.

Ex. Fourniret is a dangerous man obnubilated by the phantasm of virginity.

----

* confundir (con) = confuse (with).

* confundir las diferencias entre = blur + the boundaries between.

* confundir la situación = cloud + the view, cloud + the picture.

* confundir la velocidad con el tocino = one thing + have + nothing to do with the other.

* confundir los límites entre = blur + the boundaries between.

* confundir los medios con el fin = confuse + the means with the ends.

* confundir los papeles = blur + roles.

* confundir + Nombre + por + Nombre = mistake + Nombre + for + Nombre.

* para confundir aun más las cosas = to add to the confusion.

* que confunde = confounding.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) ( por error) <fechas/datos> to confuse, get... mixed o muddled up; < personas> to confuse, mix up

confundir algo/alguien con algo/a alguien — to mistake something/somebody for something/somebody

me confundió con mi hermana — he mistook me for my sister

creo que me confunde con otra persona — I think you are confusing me with somebody else

b) ( desconcertar) to confuse

tantas cifras confunden a cualquiera — all these numbers are enough to confuse anyone

c) ( turbar) to embarrass
2.
confundirse v pron

a) ( equivocarse)

siempre se confunde en las cuentas — he always makes mistakes in the accounts

confundirse de algo: me confundí de calle/casa — I got the wrong street/house

b) (mezclarse, fundirse)

se confundió entre la multitud — he disappeared into the crowd

varios colores se confunden en el cuadro — various colors are blended together in the painting

* * *

confundir (con)

(v.) = confuse (with)

Ex: The genus/species relationship must not be confused with other types of relationship such as those between a thing and its properties or between a thing and an operation.

= confound, puzzle, baffle, perplex, cloud, muddle, obfuscate, snarl up, nonplus, obnubilate.

Ex: To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.

Ex: The repetition of the author's name introduces new esoteric punctuation which is bound to puzzle the catalog user.

Ex: As the domain expands, the problem of rule formalisation may even baffle a human expert.

Ex: If when you are working you come across a problem which perplexes you, you should write to someone in the field who may be able to help you.

Ex: Whilst library schools should continue to concentrate upon traditional priorities and the obsession with machines and techniques should not cloud those priorities.

Ex: But even when valid averages and unit costs are examined, Simpson's Paradox can arise to muddle expectations.

Ex: Just because the facts don't support his views, he threatens, slanders, lies, obfuscates and charges 'lies, hypocrisy and cruelty'.

Ex: If all goes as usual, it will snow approximately one inch and completely snarl up traffic until melted.

Ex: The spectacle in front of Bertie was enough to nonplus anyone -- Gussie in scarlet tights and a pretty frightful false beard.

Ex: Fourniret is a dangerous man obnubilated by the phantasm of virginity.

* confundir (con) = confuse (with).

* confundir las diferencias entre = blur + the boundaries between.

* confundir la situación = cloud + the view, cloud + the picture.

* confundir la velocidad con el tocino = one thing + have + nothing to do with the other.

* confundir los límites entre = blur + the boundaries between.

* confundir los medios con el fin = confuse + the means with the ends.

* confundir los papeles = blur + roles.

* confundir + Nombre + por + Nombre = mistake + Nombre + for + Nombre.

* para confundir aun más las cosas = to add to the confusion.

* que confunde = confounding.

* * *

confundir [I1 ]

vt

1 (por error) ‹fechas/datos› to confuse, get … mixed o muddled up; ‹personas› to confuse, mix up

nos confunden la voz por teléfono people get our voices mixed up o confused on the phone

no confundas los dos términos don't confuse the two terms

confundir algo CON algo to mistake sth FOR sth

confundió el pimentón dulce con el picante she mistook the sweet paprika for the hot

confundir a algn CON algn to mistake sb FOR sb

la gente siempre me confunde con mi hermano gemelo people always take o mistake me for my twin brother

creo que me confunde con otra persona I think you are getting me mixed up o confused with somebody else

2 (desconcertar) to confuse

no confundas al pobre chico con tantos detalles don't confuse the poor boy with so many details

tantas cifras confunden a cualquiera all these numbers are enough to confuse anyone

el interés que demuestra por ella me confunde I'm baffled by his interest in her

3 (turbar) to embarrass

se sintió confundida por tanta amabilidad she was embarrassed o overwhelmed by so much kindness

■ confundirse

v pron

1

(equivocarse): siempre se confunde en las cuentas he always makes mistakes in the accounts o gets the accounts wrong

confundirse DE algo:

me confundí de calle/casa I got the wrong street/house

se ha confundido de número you have o you've got the wrong number

2

(mezclarse, fundirse): se confundió entre la multitud he melted into o disappeared into the crowd

una gran variedad de colores se confunden en el cuadro the painting is a fusion of many different colors, many different colors are blended together in the painting

unos policías de civil se confundían con la multitud plainclothes police mingled with the crowd

se confundieron en un apretado abrazo ( liter); they melted into a close embrace ( liter)

* * *

confundir ( conjugate confundir) verbo transitivo
a) ( por error) ‹fechas/datos› to confuse, get … mixed o muddled up;

‹ personas› to confuse, mix up;
confundir algo/a algn con algo/algn to mistake sth/sb for sth/sb;
◊ me confundió con mi hermana he mistook me for my sister

b) ( desconcertar) to confuse

c) ( turbar) to embarrass

confundirse verbo pronominal
a) ( equivocarse) to make mistakes/a mistake;

◊ me confundí de calle I got the wrong street

b) ( desconcertarse) to get confused

confundir verbo transitivo
1 to confuse [con, with]: lo confundo con tu hermano, I am confusing him with your brother
2 (embarullar a alguien) to mislead
3 (turbar) to confound
' confundir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
equivocar
- trastocar
- turbar
- atolondrar
- despistar
- embrollar
- enrollar
- liar
- marear
English:
advise
- alone
- confound
- confuse
- everyday
- let
- mistake
- mix up
- practice
- practise
- stump
- fox
- mix
- muddle

* * *

confundir

♦ vt

1. [trastocar]
confundir una cosa con otra to mistake one thing for another;

confundir dos cosas to get two things mixed up;

siempre lo confundo con su hermano gemelo I always mistake him for his twin brother;

creo que me está confundiendo con otro I think you're confusing me with someone else;

Comp
Fam Hum
confundir la velocidad con el tocino to mix up two completely different things

2. [desconcertar] to confuse;

me confundes con tanta información you're confusing me with all that information

3. [mezclar] to mix up

4. [abrumar] to overwhelm;

tanta simpatía me confunde I'm overwhelmed by all this friendliness, all this friendliness is overwhelming

♦ See also the pronominal verb confundirse

* * *

confundir

v/t

1 confuse

2 ( equivocar) mistake ( con for)

* * *

confundir vt

: to confuse, to mix up

♦ See also the reflexive verb confundirse

* * *

confundir vb

1. (mezclar) to get mixed up

has confundido los cuadernos you've got the exercise books mixed up

2. (equivocar) to mix up / to mistake

siempre me confunden con mi hermano people are always mixing me up with my brother / people always mistake me for my brother

3. (dejar perplejo) to confuse

su palabrería me confundió his words confused me

Spanish-English dictionary > confundir

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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it is traditional to do something

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

it is traditional to do something

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